PN 4003 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
A diagnosis of smoke inhalation is at increased risk for what - ANSWER-acute
respiratory distress syndrome
a large amount of edema post mastectomy is due to - ANSWER-an accumulation of
lymphatic fluid that results from impaired lymph circulation
a patient with hypovolemic anemia may experience - ANSWER-postural hypotension
Airway Obstruction manifestations - ANSWER-stridor
inability to speak
laboured breathing
use of accessory muscles
air hunger
cyanosis
an appreciable decrease in respirations may in time produce - ANSWER-acidosis
an early sign of impeding heart failure - ANSWER-the presence of an S3 sound
an excessive increase in respirations may in time produce - ANSWER-alkalosis
asthma - ANSWER-condition characterized by intermittent airway obstruction in
response to variety of stimuli
Atelectasis - ANSWER-common Respiratory tract disorder associated W/ immobility &
the admin of anesthetic agents
clients at risk are encouraged to cough and breathe deeply to aid in preventing
atelectasis
atherosclerosis will result in - ANSWER-fatty deposits in the lumen of the arteries
bronchial breath sounds - ANSWER-loud & high pitch
harsh & less turbulent & lower in frequency than tracheal
expiration is heard longer than inspiration
bronchiectasis - ANSWER-chronic dilation of bronchi
main causes are pulmonary TB infection, chronic upper Respiratory tract infection, &
other Respiratory disorders of childhood such as cystic fibrosis
bronchitis - ANSWER-inflammation of bronchial tree accompanied by hyper secretion of
mucus
, bronchovesicular breath sounds - ANSWER-midway in pitch between brachial &
vesicular & are heard during inspiration & expiration
calcium range - ANSWER-8.9-10.1 mg/dL
cariogenic shock - ANSWER-occurs with diminished heart function
causes of hypovolemic shock - ANSWER-hemorrhage; trauma, GI ulcer, surgery,
inadequate clotting
dehydration; vomiting & diarrhea, diuretic therapy, loss of plasma from burns
cheyne strokes - ANSWER-breaths are deep then followed by apnea, cycling back to
deep breathing
due to severe brain pathology such as brain stem herniation
chloride range - ANSWER-98-106 mEq/L
coagulopathies - ANSWER-bleeding disorders that involve platelets or clotting factors
Compensatory shock (first stage) - ANSWER-anxiety, restlessness, fear
increased breathing & heart rate
crackles (rales) - ANSWER-indicate fluid, inflammation in airways-snapping sound when
airways open- can be heard when airways close too but softer than on inspiration
intermitted or discontinuous
fine or course
Decompensatory shock (second stage) - ANSWER-mental status continues to
deteriorate
breathing becomes rapid & shallow
heartbeat is rapid
skin pale or ashen & cool
nausea & thirst occur
diabetes, alcoholism, starvation, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, pulomary disease,
hepatic disease, seizures, - ANSWER-Metabolic Acidosis
emphysema - ANSWER-complex & destructive lung disease wherein air accumulated in
tissues of the lungs
fluid imbalances: dehydration - ANSWER-loss of body fluids = increased concentration
of solutes in blood & rise in serum Na+
fluid shifts out of cells & into blood to restore balance, causing cells to shrink & not
function properly
A diagnosis of smoke inhalation is at increased risk for what - ANSWER-acute
respiratory distress syndrome
a large amount of edema post mastectomy is due to - ANSWER-an accumulation of
lymphatic fluid that results from impaired lymph circulation
a patient with hypovolemic anemia may experience - ANSWER-postural hypotension
Airway Obstruction manifestations - ANSWER-stridor
inability to speak
laboured breathing
use of accessory muscles
air hunger
cyanosis
an appreciable decrease in respirations may in time produce - ANSWER-acidosis
an early sign of impeding heart failure - ANSWER-the presence of an S3 sound
an excessive increase in respirations may in time produce - ANSWER-alkalosis
asthma - ANSWER-condition characterized by intermittent airway obstruction in
response to variety of stimuli
Atelectasis - ANSWER-common Respiratory tract disorder associated W/ immobility &
the admin of anesthetic agents
clients at risk are encouraged to cough and breathe deeply to aid in preventing
atelectasis
atherosclerosis will result in - ANSWER-fatty deposits in the lumen of the arteries
bronchial breath sounds - ANSWER-loud & high pitch
harsh & less turbulent & lower in frequency than tracheal
expiration is heard longer than inspiration
bronchiectasis - ANSWER-chronic dilation of bronchi
main causes are pulmonary TB infection, chronic upper Respiratory tract infection, &
other Respiratory disorders of childhood such as cystic fibrosis
bronchitis - ANSWER-inflammation of bronchial tree accompanied by hyper secretion of
mucus
, bronchovesicular breath sounds - ANSWER-midway in pitch between brachial &
vesicular & are heard during inspiration & expiration
calcium range - ANSWER-8.9-10.1 mg/dL
cariogenic shock - ANSWER-occurs with diminished heart function
causes of hypovolemic shock - ANSWER-hemorrhage; trauma, GI ulcer, surgery,
inadequate clotting
dehydration; vomiting & diarrhea, diuretic therapy, loss of plasma from burns
cheyne strokes - ANSWER-breaths are deep then followed by apnea, cycling back to
deep breathing
due to severe brain pathology such as brain stem herniation
chloride range - ANSWER-98-106 mEq/L
coagulopathies - ANSWER-bleeding disorders that involve platelets or clotting factors
Compensatory shock (first stage) - ANSWER-anxiety, restlessness, fear
increased breathing & heart rate
crackles (rales) - ANSWER-indicate fluid, inflammation in airways-snapping sound when
airways open- can be heard when airways close too but softer than on inspiration
intermitted or discontinuous
fine or course
Decompensatory shock (second stage) - ANSWER-mental status continues to
deteriorate
breathing becomes rapid & shallow
heartbeat is rapid
skin pale or ashen & cool
nausea & thirst occur
diabetes, alcoholism, starvation, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, pulomary disease,
hepatic disease, seizures, - ANSWER-Metabolic Acidosis
emphysema - ANSWER-complex & destructive lung disease wherein air accumulated in
tissues of the lungs
fluid imbalances: dehydration - ANSWER-loss of body fluids = increased concentration
of solutes in blood & rise in serum Na+
fluid shifts out of cells & into blood to restore balance, causing cells to shrink & not
function properly
