1 for specific request mail
PEL 238 Exam Study Guide Questions and Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Head Start
Ans: Head Start is a program of the United States Department of Health
and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood
education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-
income children and families.
MARIA IS A 6TH GRADE STUDENT WHO TELLS HER SCHOOL'S SWER THAT
Assignment Expert
SHE IS STRUGGLING IN SCHOOL BECAUSE HER PARENTS DO NOT HELP HER
WITH HER HOMEWORK. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BE THE BEST
INITIAL STEP FOR THE SWER TO TAKE TOWARDS HELPING MARIA
Guru01 - Stuvia
ADDRESS THIS PROBLEM? (SUBAREA 1 - 0001/0002)
A. CALL MARIA'S PARENTS AND ASK THEM TO HIRE A PRIVATE TUTOR.
2026
B. ASK MARIA'S TEACHER TO ARRANGE TO HELP MARIA WITH HOMEWORK
BEFORE OR AFTER SCHOOL.
©
C. ARRANGE A CONFERENCE WITH MARIA'S PARENTS TO FIND OUT WHAT
IS PREVENTING THEM FROM HELPING MARIA WITH HER HOMEWORK AND
SUGGEST COMMUNITY RESOURCES THAT COULD ASSIST IN RESOLVING
THESE ISSUES.
D. LET MARIA AND HER PARENTS KNOW THAT SHE WILL BE RECEIVING
AFTER-SCHOOL DETENTION IF SHE DOES NOT COMPLETE FUTURE
HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS.
Ans: C. ARRANGE A CONFERENCE WITH MARIA'S PARENTS TO FIND OUT
WHAT IS PREVENTING THEM FROM HELPING MARIA WITH HER
HOMEWORK AND SUGGEST COMMUNITY RESOURCES THAT COULD ASSIST
IN RESOLVING THESE ISSUES.
, 2 for specific request mail
FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS ARE ASSIGNED A TASK OF COMPARING AND
CONTRASTING THEIR EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES WITH THEIR PARENTS'
EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES, BUT THEY ARE EXPERIENCING DIFFICULTY
COMPLETING THIS TASK. WHAT EXPLANATION HELPS EXPLAIN THEIR
DILEMMA? (SUBAREA 1 - 0001)
A. SENSORIMOTOR
B. PREOPERATIONAL
C. CONCRETE OPERATIONAL
Assignment Expert
D. FORMAL OPERATIONAL
Ans: B. PREOPERATIONAL
Guru01 - Stuvia
WHY WAS THE HEAD START PROGRAM SUCCESSFUL? (SUBAREA ??)
A. IT ENSURES THE MEDICAL WELL-BEING OF STUDENTS.
2026
B. IT HELPS PREPARE CHILDREN FOR SCHOOL WHO ARE AGED 3-5 AND
FROM LOW INCOME FAMILIES.
©
C. IT SUPPORTS STUDENTS WHO ARE AT-RISK OF ACADEMIC FAILURE.
Ans: B. IT HELPS PREPARE CHILDREN FOR SCHOOL WHO ARE AGED 3-5
AND FROM LOW INCOME FAMILIES.
Who can receive Head Start?
Ans: Preschool for All serves 3- and 4-year-old children (and 5-year-olds
who are not yet eligible for kindergarten). Based on legislatively
mandated priorities, ISBE awards PFA grants to applicants who propose to
serve children, at least 80% of whom are identified as being at risk of
academic failure. Providing Head Start and Early Head Start home and
center-based programs for families and children from birth through age
5.
, 3 for specific request mail
Head Start has been demonstrated to show successful progress in
children because...
a) It helps with social-emotional and other health services.
b) Helps low-income children 3 years to transition to a public school
c) Help prepare children from low-income families for school readiness
d) Support students who are at risk of academic failure.
Ans: c) Help prepare children from low-income families for school
readiness
Assignment Expert
Ecological systems theory and system of organizations
Guru01 - Stuvia
Ans: The school social worker, drawing upon the person-in-environment
approach, sees the self as a professional-in-organization; the below
systems (1) interact and interrelate with one another and (2) the
individual has the capacity to construct & shape (rather than be shaped
2026
by) the systems in which he/she/they participate
©
Systems Theory
Ans: Factors at each level (micro, mezzo, macro) & how they interact
with one another to shape the lived experience; from which risk &
protective factors derive; when conducting an assessment (bio-psycho-
social-spiritual)
Micro - IQ, age, gender, income, health, language, spirituality, recreation,
emotion, cognition, self-esteem
Mezzo - local economy & resource, coworkers, work, family, church,
neighborhood
Macro - government, discrimination & oppression, history, services &
resources, cultural values, community, economics, politics
, 4 for specific request mail
strengths-based approach
Ans: an approach to interventions that focuses on the positive
attributes of the client and the client's environment; client knows best
about problem/issue & has the strengths within themselves to be built
upon; advocating and mobilizing resources for individuals, families, or
communities; empowerment (helping create influence to increase
strengths towards improving own circumstances)
Needs Assessment
Ans: Tier 1 data based decision making approach to identify priority
Assignment Expert
areas for school SW services & how to address them to determine which
MTSS components are sufficient and which need to be strengthened
Guru01 - Stuvia
student, school, and community needs >> what role educational policy
plays
Validity
2026
Ans: The ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure
©
Reliability
Ans: the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by
the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of
the test, or on retesting
external validity
Ans: extent to which a test or experiment mirrors the real world
situation about which the researcher is attempting to gain information
NASW Code of Ethics
Ans: service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance
of human relationships, integrity, competence
person-in-enviroment
PEL 238 Exam Study Guide Questions and Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Head Start
Ans: Head Start is a program of the United States Department of Health
and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood
education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-
income children and families.
MARIA IS A 6TH GRADE STUDENT WHO TELLS HER SCHOOL'S SWER THAT
Assignment Expert
SHE IS STRUGGLING IN SCHOOL BECAUSE HER PARENTS DO NOT HELP HER
WITH HER HOMEWORK. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING WOULD BE THE BEST
INITIAL STEP FOR THE SWER TO TAKE TOWARDS HELPING MARIA
Guru01 - Stuvia
ADDRESS THIS PROBLEM? (SUBAREA 1 - 0001/0002)
A. CALL MARIA'S PARENTS AND ASK THEM TO HIRE A PRIVATE TUTOR.
2026
B. ASK MARIA'S TEACHER TO ARRANGE TO HELP MARIA WITH HOMEWORK
BEFORE OR AFTER SCHOOL.
©
C. ARRANGE A CONFERENCE WITH MARIA'S PARENTS TO FIND OUT WHAT
IS PREVENTING THEM FROM HELPING MARIA WITH HER HOMEWORK AND
SUGGEST COMMUNITY RESOURCES THAT COULD ASSIST IN RESOLVING
THESE ISSUES.
D. LET MARIA AND HER PARENTS KNOW THAT SHE WILL BE RECEIVING
AFTER-SCHOOL DETENTION IF SHE DOES NOT COMPLETE FUTURE
HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS.
Ans: C. ARRANGE A CONFERENCE WITH MARIA'S PARENTS TO FIND OUT
WHAT IS PREVENTING THEM FROM HELPING MARIA WITH HER
HOMEWORK AND SUGGEST COMMUNITY RESOURCES THAT COULD ASSIST
IN RESOLVING THESE ISSUES.
, 2 for specific request mail
FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS ARE ASSIGNED A TASK OF COMPARING AND
CONTRASTING THEIR EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES WITH THEIR PARENTS'
EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES, BUT THEY ARE EXPERIENCING DIFFICULTY
COMPLETING THIS TASK. WHAT EXPLANATION HELPS EXPLAIN THEIR
DILEMMA? (SUBAREA 1 - 0001)
A. SENSORIMOTOR
B. PREOPERATIONAL
C. CONCRETE OPERATIONAL
Assignment Expert
D. FORMAL OPERATIONAL
Ans: B. PREOPERATIONAL
Guru01 - Stuvia
WHY WAS THE HEAD START PROGRAM SUCCESSFUL? (SUBAREA ??)
A. IT ENSURES THE MEDICAL WELL-BEING OF STUDENTS.
2026
B. IT HELPS PREPARE CHILDREN FOR SCHOOL WHO ARE AGED 3-5 AND
FROM LOW INCOME FAMILIES.
©
C. IT SUPPORTS STUDENTS WHO ARE AT-RISK OF ACADEMIC FAILURE.
Ans: B. IT HELPS PREPARE CHILDREN FOR SCHOOL WHO ARE AGED 3-5
AND FROM LOW INCOME FAMILIES.
Who can receive Head Start?
Ans: Preschool for All serves 3- and 4-year-old children (and 5-year-olds
who are not yet eligible for kindergarten). Based on legislatively
mandated priorities, ISBE awards PFA grants to applicants who propose to
serve children, at least 80% of whom are identified as being at risk of
academic failure. Providing Head Start and Early Head Start home and
center-based programs for families and children from birth through age
5.
, 3 for specific request mail
Head Start has been demonstrated to show successful progress in
children because...
a) It helps with social-emotional and other health services.
b) Helps low-income children 3 years to transition to a public school
c) Help prepare children from low-income families for school readiness
d) Support students who are at risk of academic failure.
Ans: c) Help prepare children from low-income families for school
readiness
Assignment Expert
Ecological systems theory and system of organizations
Guru01 - Stuvia
Ans: The school social worker, drawing upon the person-in-environment
approach, sees the self as a professional-in-organization; the below
systems (1) interact and interrelate with one another and (2) the
individual has the capacity to construct & shape (rather than be shaped
2026
by) the systems in which he/she/they participate
©
Systems Theory
Ans: Factors at each level (micro, mezzo, macro) & how they interact
with one another to shape the lived experience; from which risk &
protective factors derive; when conducting an assessment (bio-psycho-
social-spiritual)
Micro - IQ, age, gender, income, health, language, spirituality, recreation,
emotion, cognition, self-esteem
Mezzo - local economy & resource, coworkers, work, family, church,
neighborhood
Macro - government, discrimination & oppression, history, services &
resources, cultural values, community, economics, politics
, 4 for specific request mail
strengths-based approach
Ans: an approach to interventions that focuses on the positive
attributes of the client and the client's environment; client knows best
about problem/issue & has the strengths within themselves to be built
upon; advocating and mobilizing resources for individuals, families, or
communities; empowerment (helping create influence to increase
strengths towards improving own circumstances)
Needs Assessment
Ans: Tier 1 data based decision making approach to identify priority
Assignment Expert
areas for school SW services & how to address them to determine which
MTSS components are sufficient and which need to be strengthened
Guru01 - Stuvia
student, school, and community needs >> what role educational policy
plays
Validity
2026
Ans: The ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure
©
Reliability
Ans: the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by
the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of
the test, or on retesting
external validity
Ans: extent to which a test or experiment mirrors the real world
situation about which the researcher is attempting to gain information
NASW Code of Ethics
Ans: service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance
of human relationships, integrity, competence
person-in-enviroment
