Pharmacology Exam 1
acetaminophen and alcohol ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓alcohol increases metabolic
formation of active metabolite, leading to easier therapy but increased hepatotoxicity
adrenergic stimulation ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓increased HR/contractility, peripheral
resistance/BP, bronchodilation, pupillary dilation/mydriasis, urinary retention, and sweating
alpha 1 antagonists and epinephrine ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓epi nomally binds a1 and
b2, but an a1 antagonst (-zosin) will block epi-receptor binding there and not at b2, causing
ONLY vasodilation (b2) with no vasocontriction (a1) thus decreasing the pulse
alpha1 antagonism ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓vasodilation, examples of drugs all end in *-
osin*
Alpha1 receptors ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓found in all blood vessels, vasoconstriction
alpha1 stimulation ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓peripheral vascular SMOOTH muscle,
vasoconstriction, phenylephrine (nasal decongestant) and methoxamine for hypotension are
specific for A1
alpha2 stimulation ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓reduces outflow of NE, clonidine,
methyldopa, guanfacine, used for hypertension, ADHD, and drug withdrawal
anticholinergic drugs ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓antimuscarinic, neuromuscular jxn
blockers, and ganglionic blocking drugs
, antimuscarinic DDIs ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓antihistamines, MAO inhibitors, and Tricyclic
antidepressants (all work by anticholinergic activity), these will potentiate the action
antimuscarinic drug effects ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓decreased salivation, lacrimation,
urination, defecation, GI mobility, and bronchial constrictions, increased HR due to block of
vagal reflex, pupillary dilation (mydriasis), drowsiness, hallucinations (dry as a bone, hot as hell,
red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter)
antimuscarinic drugs ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓atropine and scopolamine, act as
competitive receptor blockers a postganglionic postsynaptic muscarinic receptor sites
aricept ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓a cholinesterase inhibitor drug used to prolong the half
life of acetylecholine giving the transmitter a better ability to stimulate
atenolol and metoprolol ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓selctive B1 blockers, decrease BP
without bronchoconstriction, good for hypertension (with diabetes and asthma, wont hide
symptoms), angina, or glaucoma
Beta2 receptors ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓found in the lungs, if stimulated there will be
bronchodilation
bioavailability ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓compares amount of drug that reaches the blood
by non IV routes vs amount of drug that reaches blood by IV (IV (bottom number) is always 100)
(conc. of nonIV/conc. of IV)
bioavailability formula question will be on exam
acetaminophen and alcohol ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓alcohol increases metabolic
formation of active metabolite, leading to easier therapy but increased hepatotoxicity
adrenergic stimulation ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓increased HR/contractility, peripheral
resistance/BP, bronchodilation, pupillary dilation/mydriasis, urinary retention, and sweating
alpha 1 antagonists and epinephrine ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓epi nomally binds a1 and
b2, but an a1 antagonst (-zosin) will block epi-receptor binding there and not at b2, causing
ONLY vasodilation (b2) with no vasocontriction (a1) thus decreasing the pulse
alpha1 antagonism ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓vasodilation, examples of drugs all end in *-
osin*
Alpha1 receptors ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓found in all blood vessels, vasoconstriction
alpha1 stimulation ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓peripheral vascular SMOOTH muscle,
vasoconstriction, phenylephrine (nasal decongestant) and methoxamine for hypotension are
specific for A1
alpha2 stimulation ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓reduces outflow of NE, clonidine,
methyldopa, guanfacine, used for hypertension, ADHD, and drug withdrawal
anticholinergic drugs ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓antimuscarinic, neuromuscular jxn
blockers, and ganglionic blocking drugs
, antimuscarinic DDIs ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓antihistamines, MAO inhibitors, and Tricyclic
antidepressants (all work by anticholinergic activity), these will potentiate the action
antimuscarinic drug effects ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓decreased salivation, lacrimation,
urination, defecation, GI mobility, and bronchial constrictions, increased HR due to block of
vagal reflex, pupillary dilation (mydriasis), drowsiness, hallucinations (dry as a bone, hot as hell,
red as a beet, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter)
antimuscarinic drugs ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓atropine and scopolamine, act as
competitive receptor blockers a postganglionic postsynaptic muscarinic receptor sites
aricept ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓a cholinesterase inhibitor drug used to prolong the half
life of acetylecholine giving the transmitter a better ability to stimulate
atenolol and metoprolol ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓selctive B1 blockers, decrease BP
without bronchoconstriction, good for hypertension (with diabetes and asthma, wont hide
symptoms), angina, or glaucoma
Beta2 receptors ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓found in the lungs, if stimulated there will be
bronchodilation
bioavailability ------- ✔ CORRECT ANSWER ✓✓compares amount of drug that reaches the blood
by non IV routes vs amount of drug that reaches blood by IV (IV (bottom number) is always 100)
(conc. of nonIV/conc. of IV)
bioavailability formula question will be on exam
