Psych 1 (Gade, UC Berkeley) Midterm 3 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Mechanism Movement Biological mechanisms are behind all thoughts and behaviors
Jean Charcot Began treating people with hypnosis and other approaches to get at the
"unconscious" with Sigmund Freud
Psychodynamic Theory Personality is based on the interplay of conflicting forces within the individual
Conscious The thoughts and experiences of which we are aware of that impact our behaviors
Unconscious The thoughts and experiences of which we are UNAWARE of that impact our
behaviors
Id An unconscious force that constantly seeks satisfaction of basic needs (survival,
sex, thirst, hunger, sleep, etc.)
Superego A preconscious force that's only goal is to push us to do what is 'right' (society's
standards)
Ego A conscious force that we develop in the social world and operates on the reality
principle—seeking to satisfy id's and the superego's desires in realistic ways
Freud's Clinical Work - Focused on accessing the unconscious traumas and/or needs that had to be
addressed in order understand a person
- Required bringing the unconscious "up," to change personality or address the
abnormal through: Psychoanalysis, Hypnosis, Free association, Dream
interpretation, "Freudian Slips"
, Libido Psychosexual energy; an insatiable sexual drive that comes in different forms
during our lifetime
Oral stage (0-18 months) Mouth centered stimulation; oral fixations
Anal stage (18-36 months) Potty training focus; anal retentiveness
Phallic stage (3-6 years) Genital/gender exploration; penis envy, gender intensification,
castration fear
Latency (6 to puberty) No libido
Genital stage (puberty +) Maturation of sexual interest; sexual issues
Anna O (Bertha Pappenheim) Important case study by Freud; influenced his psychodynamic theory
Franz Anton Mesmer First hypnotist; magnétisme animal; "mesmerizing"
Induction, Relaxation, Suggestion The 3 steps of hypnosis
Posthypnotic Amnesia When a person cannot remember what happened while he/she was hypnotized
Carl Jung - Freud's "heir apparent"; broke with Freud's work because of his differing beliefs
about personality formation
- Personality is formed from both conscious and unconscious forces
- Our personal unconscious did not contain the basic instincts that Freud
proposed (primarily the id)
- Archetypes
Archetypes Vague, existential, and spiritual images/concepts found within our personality;
some inherited from ancestors, others unique to the individual
Alfred Adler - Superiority Theory
- Another early student of Freud's, but broke away because of differing theories
(too much focus on sex)
- Individual psychology
- Striving for superiority
- Inferiority complex
Superiority Theory Personality was based on our attempts to pursue our strengths and make up for
our shortcomings
Individual Psychology An approach to study the personality of a person as a whole rather than in
separate parts (id/ego/superego)
Striving for Superiority A desire to seek personal excellence and fulfillment
Inferiority Complex An exaggerated feeling of weakness, inadequacy, and helplessness due to
assessing a lack in a skill
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Mechanism Movement Biological mechanisms are behind all thoughts and behaviors
Jean Charcot Began treating people with hypnosis and other approaches to get at the
"unconscious" with Sigmund Freud
Psychodynamic Theory Personality is based on the interplay of conflicting forces within the individual
Conscious The thoughts and experiences of which we are aware of that impact our behaviors
Unconscious The thoughts and experiences of which we are UNAWARE of that impact our
behaviors
Id An unconscious force that constantly seeks satisfaction of basic needs (survival,
sex, thirst, hunger, sleep, etc.)
Superego A preconscious force that's only goal is to push us to do what is 'right' (society's
standards)
Ego A conscious force that we develop in the social world and operates on the reality
principle—seeking to satisfy id's and the superego's desires in realistic ways
Freud's Clinical Work - Focused on accessing the unconscious traumas and/or needs that had to be
addressed in order understand a person
- Required bringing the unconscious "up," to change personality or address the
abnormal through: Psychoanalysis, Hypnosis, Free association, Dream
interpretation, "Freudian Slips"
, Libido Psychosexual energy; an insatiable sexual drive that comes in different forms
during our lifetime
Oral stage (0-18 months) Mouth centered stimulation; oral fixations
Anal stage (18-36 months) Potty training focus; anal retentiveness
Phallic stage (3-6 years) Genital/gender exploration; penis envy, gender intensification,
castration fear
Latency (6 to puberty) No libido
Genital stage (puberty +) Maturation of sexual interest; sexual issues
Anna O (Bertha Pappenheim) Important case study by Freud; influenced his psychodynamic theory
Franz Anton Mesmer First hypnotist; magnétisme animal; "mesmerizing"
Induction, Relaxation, Suggestion The 3 steps of hypnosis
Posthypnotic Amnesia When a person cannot remember what happened while he/she was hypnotized
Carl Jung - Freud's "heir apparent"; broke with Freud's work because of his differing beliefs
about personality formation
- Personality is formed from both conscious and unconscious forces
- Our personal unconscious did not contain the basic instincts that Freud
proposed (primarily the id)
- Archetypes
Archetypes Vague, existential, and spiritual images/concepts found within our personality;
some inherited from ancestors, others unique to the individual
Alfred Adler - Superiority Theory
- Another early student of Freud's, but broke away because of differing theories
(too much focus on sex)
- Individual psychology
- Striving for superiority
- Inferiority complex
Superiority Theory Personality was based on our attempts to pursue our strengths and make up for
our shortcomings
Individual Psychology An approach to study the personality of a person as a whole rather than in
separate parts (id/ego/superego)
Striving for Superiority A desire to seek personal excellence and fulfillment
Inferiority Complex An exaggerated feeling of weakness, inadequacy, and helplessness due to
assessing a lack in a skill
