BUAD 304 MIDTERM USC TOLAN EXAM 2026/2027 WITH 350+ REAL QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS | BUAD 304 MIDTERM LATEST EXAM [BRAND NEW]

BUAD 304 MIDTERM USC TOLAN EXAM
2026/2027 WITH 350+ REAL QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY
GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED PASS | BUAD 304
MIDTERM LATEST EXAM [BRAND NEW]
Schwartz's Value Theory - ANSWER -Schwartz believes that values are
motivational in that they "represent broad goals that apply across contexts and
time"

First Bipolar Dimension
1) self-transcendence: concern for the welfare and interests of others (universalism,
benevolence)
2) self-enhancement: Pursuit of one's own interests and relative success and
dominance over other (power, achievement)

Second Bipolar Dimension
1) openness to change: independence of thought, action, and feelings and readiness
for change (stimulation, self-direction)
2) conservation: Order, self-restriction, preservation of the past, and resistance to
change (conformity, tradition, security)

Application of Schwartz's Theory - ANSWER -> Priorities of Schwartz's values
vary across countries
> Managers can better understand their employees values and motivation
> Managers can help reduce employee turnover by trying to reduce the gap
between their values and the values that support an organization's culture.

Bullying - ANSWER -Occurs when an individual experiences a number of
negative behaviors repeatedly over a period of time

, Attitudes - ANSWER -Represent our feelings or opinions about people, places,
and objects and range from positive to negative

Workplace Attitudes - ANSWER -(in-contrast to attitudes) an outcome of various
OB-related processes, including leadership

Personal Values - ANSWER -Global, broad (all situations), affects behavior
variously

Personal Attitudes - ANSWER -Specific, targeted (specifically), affects behavior
via intentions

3 Components of Attitudes - ANSWER -1)affective
2) cognitive
3) behavioral

Affective component - ANSWER -an attitude contains our feelings or emotions
about a given object or situation

"i feel"

Cognitive component - ANSWER -attitude reflects our beliefs or ideas about an
object or situation

"i believe"

Behavioral component - ANSWER -refers to the way we intend or expect to act
toward someone or something

"i intend"

Cognitive Dissonance - ANSWER -Represents the psychological discomfort a
person experiences when simultaneously holding 2 or more conflicting cognitions
(ideas, beliefs, values, or emotions). Festinger noticed: people are motivated to
maintain consistency, thus reduce ______.

,Reducing Cognitive Dissonance: - ANSWER -1) Change your attitude or
behavior or both
2) Belittle the importance of the inconsistent behavior
3) Find consonant elements that outweigh dissonant ones.

Determinants of Intention (Ajzen's theory: Leads to behavior) - ANSWER -1)
attitude toward behavior (if you think its valuable to society)
2) subjective norm (if your friends will join you)
3) perceived behavioral control (if time permits)

Organizational Commitment - ANSWER -Reflects the extent to which an
employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals. Committed
individuals tend to display 2 outcomes: continuation of employment and greater
motivation toward goals and decisions.

Drivers of Org. Commitment:
- Personality
- Meaningfulness of the work

Psychological Contract - ANSWER -Committment depends on the quality of an
employee's _______. _______ represents an individual's perception about the
reciprocal exchange between him- or herself and another party. Employee's beliefs
about what he or she is entitled to receive in return for what he or she provides to
the organization. Employer breach of ______ leads to low organizational
commitment, job satisfaction, and performance with greater intentions to quit.

How can a manager increase employee commitment? - ANSWER -1. hire people
whose personal values align with the organization's.
2. make sure that management does not breach its psychological contracts
3. treat employees fairly and foster trust between managers and employees

Flextime - ANSWER -is a policy of giving employees flexible work hours so they
can come and go at different times as long as they work a set number of hours

, Employee engagement - ANSWER -William Kahn defined as "the harnessing of
organization members' selves to their work roles; in engagement, people employ
and express themselves physically, cognitively, and emotionally during role
performance" or in other words: the idea that engaged employees 'give their all' at
work. In 4 feelings:
1) Urgency
2) Focus
3) Intensity
4) Enthusiasm

3 personal factors that contribute to employee engagement - ANSWER -1)
personality
2) positive psychological capital
3) human and social capital

4 situation factors that contribute to employee engagement - ANSWER -1) Job
characteristics
2) Leadership
3) Organizational Climate
4) Stressors

Stressors - ANSWER -Environmental conditions that cause stress. Employee
engagement is much higher when employees are not confronted with too many
____.

Perceived Organizational Support (POS) - ANSWER -Reflects the extent to
which employees believe their organization values their contributions and
genuinely cares about their well-being. We are motivated by the norm of
reciprocity to return a favor when someone treats us well, thus we are more likely
to reciprocate with hard work and dedication when our employer treats us
favorably.

Job satisfaction - ANSWER -An affective or emotional response toward various
facets of one's job. Reflects the extent to which an individual likes his or her job,