BSC2085 LECTURE exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Three basic characteristics of Connective Tissue 1. Specialized cells (more than 1 cell type present)
2. Solid extracellular protein fibers
3. Fluid extracellular ground substance
Extracellular components of Connective Tissue (Fibers and ground substance), make up the matrix, majority of tissue volume,
determines specialized function, slows pathogen movement and fills space
between cells
Functions of Connective Issue -establishing a structural framework for the body
-transporting fluids and dissolved materials
-protecting delicate organs
-supporting, surrounding, and interconnecting other types of tissue
-storing energy reserves, especially in the form of triglycerides
-defending the body from invading microorganisms
general categories of connective tissues 1. Connective tissue proper
2. fluid connective tissues
3. supporting connective tissues
connective tissue proper functions to connect and protect
Ex. Tendons and adipose tissue
fluid connective tissue functions in transportation
Ex. Blood and lymph
supporting connective tissues provides structural strength
Ex. Cartilage and bone
, connective tissue proper cell populations 1. Fibroblasts
2. Fibrocytes
3. Adipocytes
4. Mesenchymal cells
5. Macrophages
6. Mast cells
7. Lymphocytes
8. Microphages
9. Melanocytes
fibroblasts The most abundant cell type
Found in all connective tissue proper
Secrete proteins and hyaluronan (cellular cement)
fibrocytes second most abundant cell type; found in all connective tissue proper; maintain
the fibers of connective tissue proper
Adipocytes (adipose cells) Fat cells
Each cell stores a single, large fat droplet
Functions as energy reserve and cushions tissues/organs
Mesenchylmal Cells found in many connective tissue
-responds to injuries or infection (stem cells)
Stem cells respond to injury or infection
-differentiate into fibroblasts, macrophages, etc. in response to injury or infection
Macrophages Large, amoeba-like cells of the immune system
Eat pathogens and damaged cells
Fixed macrophages stay in tissue
Free macrophages migrate through the tissue
Fixed macrophages stay in tissue. Frontline defense, reinforced by free macrophages and other cells
Free macrophages wander through tissue spaces
Mast cells stimulate inflammation after injury or infection
-release histamine and heparin
histamine dilates blood vessels to stimulate local inflammation
heparin anticoagulant
-prevents blood clots in areas of slow blood flow
Basophils -leukocytes (white blood cells)
also contain histamine and heparin
-promotes inflammation much like mast cells
CORRECT Answers
Three basic characteristics of Connective Tissue 1. Specialized cells (more than 1 cell type present)
2. Solid extracellular protein fibers
3. Fluid extracellular ground substance
Extracellular components of Connective Tissue (Fibers and ground substance), make up the matrix, majority of tissue volume,
determines specialized function, slows pathogen movement and fills space
between cells
Functions of Connective Issue -establishing a structural framework for the body
-transporting fluids and dissolved materials
-protecting delicate organs
-supporting, surrounding, and interconnecting other types of tissue
-storing energy reserves, especially in the form of triglycerides
-defending the body from invading microorganisms
general categories of connective tissues 1. Connective tissue proper
2. fluid connective tissues
3. supporting connective tissues
connective tissue proper functions to connect and protect
Ex. Tendons and adipose tissue
fluid connective tissue functions in transportation
Ex. Blood and lymph
supporting connective tissues provides structural strength
Ex. Cartilage and bone
, connective tissue proper cell populations 1. Fibroblasts
2. Fibrocytes
3. Adipocytes
4. Mesenchymal cells
5. Macrophages
6. Mast cells
7. Lymphocytes
8. Microphages
9. Melanocytes
fibroblasts The most abundant cell type
Found in all connective tissue proper
Secrete proteins and hyaluronan (cellular cement)
fibrocytes second most abundant cell type; found in all connective tissue proper; maintain
the fibers of connective tissue proper
Adipocytes (adipose cells) Fat cells
Each cell stores a single, large fat droplet
Functions as energy reserve and cushions tissues/organs
Mesenchylmal Cells found in many connective tissue
-responds to injuries or infection (stem cells)
Stem cells respond to injury or infection
-differentiate into fibroblasts, macrophages, etc. in response to injury or infection
Macrophages Large, amoeba-like cells of the immune system
Eat pathogens and damaged cells
Fixed macrophages stay in tissue
Free macrophages migrate through the tissue
Fixed macrophages stay in tissue. Frontline defense, reinforced by free macrophages and other cells
Free macrophages wander through tissue spaces
Mast cells stimulate inflammation after injury or infection
-release histamine and heparin
histamine dilates blood vessels to stimulate local inflammation
heparin anticoagulant
-prevents blood clots in areas of slow blood flow
Basophils -leukocytes (white blood cells)
also contain histamine and heparin
-promotes inflammation much like mast cells
