Nursing 101 - Exam 4 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What dietary changes promote normal bowel function? - Increase fiber (fruits, vegetables, grains)
- Maintain regular mealtimes
- Limit processed or constipating foods
How much liquid should an adult consume daily for 2,000-3,000 mL/day unless contraindicated
bowel health?
What are common causes of constipation? - Low fiber or fluids
- Inactivity
- Opioid or iron use
- Ignoring urge
- Neurological disorders
What are signs of fecal impaction? - No stool passage
- Liquid stool leakage
- Rectal pain
- Palpable mass
How does immobility affect bowel elimination? It slows peristalsis, causing constipation or impaction
What interventions prevent diarrhea complications? - Replace fluids/electrolytes
- Monitor I&O
- Use barrier creams
- Promote skin integrity
What are causes/risk factors of flatulence? - High-fiber or gas-producing foods
- Swallowed air
- Immobility
- Postoperative bowel inactivity
What psychological factors affect bowel elimination? - Stress can cause diarrhea
- Depression can slow peristalsis
What are key nursing actions after bowel surgery? - Monitor bowel sounds
- Encourage ambulation
- Teach stoma care
- Advance diet gradually
What are the effects of immobility on the musculoskeletal - Muscle atrophy
system? - Joint stiffness
- Bone loss
- Foot drop
, How does exercise benefit the respiratory system? - Improves depth and rate
- Exchanges ventilation and oxygenation
- Strengthens muscles
- Promotes efficient gas exchange
What interventions prevent pressure injuries? - Reposition every 2 hours
- Use pressure-relief devices
- Maintain skin hygiene, keeping the skin clean and dry
- Assess skin regularly for redness or injury
How do you prevent orthostatic hypotension during - Dangle at bedside
ambulation? - Change positions gradually
- Ensure adequate hydration
- Use physical counter-maneuvers
- Assess for triggers and monitor vital signs
What factors can inhibit mobility? - Posture, bone structure, and muscle strength
- Musculoskeletal disorders
- Illness (acute or chronic)
- Pain
- Trauma or surgery
- Fatigue
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Neurological impairment
- Medications
- Physical environment (unsafe surroundings)
- Body weight/nutrition
- Cognitive impairment
- Cultural and social factors
- Sensory deficits
- Fear of falling
Answers
What dietary changes promote normal bowel function? - Increase fiber (fruits, vegetables, grains)
- Maintain regular mealtimes
- Limit processed or constipating foods
How much liquid should an adult consume daily for 2,000-3,000 mL/day unless contraindicated
bowel health?
What are common causes of constipation? - Low fiber or fluids
- Inactivity
- Opioid or iron use
- Ignoring urge
- Neurological disorders
What are signs of fecal impaction? - No stool passage
- Liquid stool leakage
- Rectal pain
- Palpable mass
How does immobility affect bowel elimination? It slows peristalsis, causing constipation or impaction
What interventions prevent diarrhea complications? - Replace fluids/electrolytes
- Monitor I&O
- Use barrier creams
- Promote skin integrity
What are causes/risk factors of flatulence? - High-fiber or gas-producing foods
- Swallowed air
- Immobility
- Postoperative bowel inactivity
What psychological factors affect bowel elimination? - Stress can cause diarrhea
- Depression can slow peristalsis
What are key nursing actions after bowel surgery? - Monitor bowel sounds
- Encourage ambulation
- Teach stoma care
- Advance diet gradually
What are the effects of immobility on the musculoskeletal - Muscle atrophy
system? - Joint stiffness
- Bone loss
- Foot drop
, How does exercise benefit the respiratory system? - Improves depth and rate
- Exchanges ventilation and oxygenation
- Strengthens muscles
- Promotes efficient gas exchange
What interventions prevent pressure injuries? - Reposition every 2 hours
- Use pressure-relief devices
- Maintain skin hygiene, keeping the skin clean and dry
- Assess skin regularly for redness or injury
How do you prevent orthostatic hypotension during - Dangle at bedside
ambulation? - Change positions gradually
- Ensure adequate hydration
- Use physical counter-maneuvers
- Assess for triggers and monitor vital signs
What factors can inhibit mobility? - Posture, bone structure, and muscle strength
- Musculoskeletal disorders
- Illness (acute or chronic)
- Pain
- Trauma or surgery
- Fatigue
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Neurological impairment
- Medications
- Physical environment (unsafe surroundings)
- Body weight/nutrition
- Cognitive impairment
- Cultural and social factors
- Sensory deficits
- Fear of falling
