7. Which cellular organelles are responsible for propelling mucus and inhaled debris out of the lungs?
1. Cilia
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness 2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory vesicles
TEST BANK FOR DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION BY
CAPRIOTTI
NURSING TEST BANK
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
compartment.
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in
the presence of oxygen?
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
NURSINGTB.COM
4. 53
4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3. During a severe hypoxic state
4. During the processing of prohormone
, 4. Endoplasmic reticula 2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells? 4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
1. Actin and myosin
2. Prohormone and tubulin 16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
3. Tubulin and actin 1. 2
4. Myosin and prohormone 2. 3
3. 4
9. Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease? 4. 5
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome 17. Which components form the structure of DNA?
3. Macrophage 1. Nucleotides
4. Lysosomal enzymes 2. Amino acids
3. Fatty acids
10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy? 4. Phosphates
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis 18. Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity 1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system 2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct? 4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations. 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the
3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system. mechanism of action of the drug?
4. During ER stress, nondeNgU deSdIsN
raR ubGsT
taB
nc.eC
sOacMcumulate in the cells. 1. It prevents the replicatioNnUoRbaIctNerGiaT. B.COM
fS
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be 3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
involved? 4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus 20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules 1. In the ribosomes
4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum 2. In the Golgi apparatus
3. In the secretory granules
13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component 4. In the endoplasmic reticulum
is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
1. Transfer RNA 21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
2. Ribosomal RNA 1. Nucleus
3. Double helix of DNA 2. Ribosome
4. Mitochondrial DNA 3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia Multiple Response
2. Autolysis Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema 22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate? 2. Microtubules are flexible.
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases 3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
, 4. Microtubules are called actin filaments. Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division. Answer Section
23. Which cellular actions are carried out during the process of protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
1. DNA directs the cell to carry out the process. MULTIPLE CHOICE
2. Transcription occurs in the ribosome of the cell.
3. Protein translation takes place in the cell nucleus. 1. ANS: 4
4. RNA is single-stranded and travels outside the nucleus. Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
5. In RNA, the pyrimidine base thymine is replaced with uracil. Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Page: 1
24. Which characteristics are specific to RNA during protein synthesis? Select all that apply. Heading: Cell Structure and Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump)
1. Presence of ribose pentose sugar Integrated Process: Nursing Process
2. Presence of single-stranded helix Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
3. Presence of double-stranded helix Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
4. Presence of deoxyribose pentose sugar Concept: Cellular Regulation
5. Presence of uracil and cytosine as a pyrimidine base Difficulty: Moderate
25. Which are the purine bases found in DNA? Select all that apply. Feedback
1. Uracil 1 This is incorrect. The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions
2. Adenine
and more soluble to potassium ions.
3. Guanine 2
4. Thymine
This is incorrect. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the
cell compartment.
5. Cytosine
3 This is incorrect. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside
the cell compartment. NURSINGTB.COM
NURSINGTB.COM 4 This is correct. In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, two
potassium ions are pumped in.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
2. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Difficult
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. When oxygen is not available, anaerobic metabolism produces
significantly less cellular energy: a net yield of 2 ATP, as well as pyruvic acid.
2 This is correct. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into
acetyl-coenzyme A, which triggers a series of reactions known as the Krebs
cycle, also called the citric acid cycle.
3 This is incorrect. Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl-coenzyme A, not
activated.
, 4 This is incorrect. In cellular hypoxia, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, containing various sequences of nucleotides. Its numbers are not affected by the
which is noxious to cells, causing muscle pain and biochemical alterations such cell’s energy needs.
as acidosis.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation 5. ANS: 4
3. ANS: 3 Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Page: 3
Page: 3 Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Integrated Process: Nursing Process Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering] Concept: Cellular Regulation
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
Feedback 1 This is incorrect. Protein synthesis is the function of ribosomes. An increase in
1 This is incorrect. In anaerobic energy metabolism, 2 ATPs and pyruvic acid are the synthesis of proteins does not yield energy and is not directly related to
produced. exercise.
2 This is incorrect. In active transport, 3 sodium ions are pumped out. This takes 2 This is incorrect. In aerobic energy metabolism created by exercise, anaerobic
place in the plasma membrane. metabolism, also referred to as glycolysis, occurs outside the mitochondria. In
3 This is correct. The process of aerobic energy requires oxygen and provides the anaerobic metabolism, glucose is used to create energy.
maximum amount of energy for cellular function. The process yields 34 ATPs. 3 This is incorrect. Conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid in cellular hypoxia is
4 This is incorrect. AerobNiU
cRenSeI
rgNy GmTeB
ta. M produces 34 ATPs, not 53.
boCliOsm noxious to cells and doNesUnRoSt I
crN
eaGteTeBn.
erCO.M
gy
4 This is correct. Exercise stimulates mitochondria found in the muscle cells to
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation create energy. This process is supported by the increased number of
4. ANS: 2 mitochondria found in muscle cells.
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell. PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Page: 3 6. ANS: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Integrated Process: Nursing Process Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Page: 4
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding] Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Ribosomes>Endoplasmic Reticulum
Concept: Cellular Regulation Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Difficulty: Moderate Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Feedback Concept: Cellular Regulation
1 This is incorrect. Ribosomes are small, spherical-shaped organelles of the Difficulty: Moderate
ribosomal ribonucleic acid.
2 This is correct. Cell types differ in their number of mitochondria according to Feedback
their energy needs. For example, muscle cells have abundant mitochondria 1 This is incorrect. Ribosomal protein synthesis does not cease during
because they require a high amount of energy to function, whereas bone cells endoplasmic reticulum stress.
have fewer mitochondria. 2 This is incorrect. ATP is synthesized in the energy metabolism. It does not
3 This is incorrect. Ribonucleic acid is not affected by the cell’s energy needs. interfere with protein synthesis.
4 This is incorrect. Deoxyribonucleic acid contains double-stranded helical chains 3 This is correct. When the cells are deprived of adequate oxygen supply, the
1. Cilia
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness 2. Microfilaments
3. Secretory vesicles
TEST BANK FOR DAVIS ADVANTAGE FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2ND EDITION BY
CAPRIOTTI
NURSING TEST BANK
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Which statement regarding the sodium–potassium pump is correct?
1. The cell’s plasma membrane is more soluble to sodium ions than potassium ions.
2. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher inside the cell compartment.
3. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher outside the cell
compartment.
4. The active transport involves pumping out three sodium ions and pumping in two
potassium ions.
2. In the absence of oxygen, which cellular function creates the same amount of energy as is created in
the presence of oxygen?
1. Dissipation of pyruvic acid
2. Initiation of the citric acid cycle
3. Activation of acetyl-coenzyme A
4. Creation of acidosis via lactic acid
3. How many adenosine triphosphates (ATPs) are produced in aerobic energy metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
NURSINGTB.COM
4. 53
4. Which cell organelles differ in their number according to the cell’s energy needs?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic acids
4. Deoxyribonucleic acids
5. Which option best supports the reason more energy is produced when a person is exercising?
1. Exercise causes an increase in the synthesis of protein.
2. There is an increase in the production of pyruvic acid in the cells.
3. The conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid is increased by exercise.
4. Muscle cells have more mitochondria to meet energy demands.
6. When does ribosomal protein synthesis cease?
1. During endoplasmic reticulum stress
2. During the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
3. During a severe hypoxic state
4. During the processing of prohormone
, 4. Endoplasmic reticula 2. The presence of pyrimidine bases
3. The presence of nucleotides
8. Which are the key proteins in the contractile units of the muscle cells? 4. The nitrogenous base and phosphate bond
1. Actin and myosin
2. Prohormone and tubulin 16. How many nitrogenous bases compose a single codon?
3. Tubulin and actin 1. 2
4. Myosin and prohormone 2. 3
3. 4
9. Which deficiency causes Tay–Sachs disease? 4. 5
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome 17. Which components form the structure of DNA?
3. Macrophage 1. Nucleotides
4. Lysosomal enzymes 2. Amino acids
3. Fatty acids
10. Which is a characteristic of adrenoleukodystrophy? 4. Phosphates
1. Accumulation of ganglioside
2. Cessation of ribosomal protein synthesis 18. Which factor is essential in order for protein synthesis to occur?
3. Acceleration of cellular proteasome activity 1. Free-standing ribosomes within the cell
4. Accumulation of long-chain fatty acids in the nervous system 2. Protein blueprint from the cell of the DNA
3. Specific information from the nucleus of the cell
11. Which statement regarding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is correct? 4. Transfer RNA to move the protein out of the cell
1. During ER stress, proteins are rapidly degraded.
2. During ER stress, lipids cannot travel to their proper intracellular locations. 19. Tetracycline antibiotic is prescribed for an adult client with chlamydia infection. Which is the
3. During ER stress, long-chain fatty acids accumulate in the nervous system. mechanism of action of the drug?
4. During ER stress, nondeNgU deSdIsN
raR ubGsT
taB
nc.eC
sOacMcumulate in the cells. 1. It prevents the replicatioNnUoRbaIctNerGiaT. B.COM
fS
2. It alters the configuration of bacterial cytoplasm.
12. A client is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. At a cellular level, which function is likely to be 3. It interferes with the function of bacterial ribosomes.
involved? 4. It inhibits the functions of bacterial mitochondria.
1. Inability of ribosomes to produce a specific type of protein
2. Incorrect processing of a protein by the Golgi apparatus 20. Where does the conversion of a prohormone into a hormone take place?
3. Stagnation of a previously dynamic action in microtubules 1. In the ribosomes
4. Obstruction of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum 2. In the Golgi apparatus
3. In the secretory granules
13. A newborn patient exhibits characteristics of severe physical deformities. Which cellular component 4. In the endoplasmic reticulum
is examined to determine the cause and probability of the disease being genetically transferred?
1. Transfer RNA 21. Which is the cell’s “master mind”?
2. Ribosomal RNA 1. Nucleus
3. Double helix of DNA 2. Ribosome
4. Mitochondrial DNA 3. Golgi apparatus
4. Endoplasmic reticulum
14. A hiker experiences muscle pain and acidosis while ascending a mountain during a long, steep
climb. Which is the reason for these manifestations?
1. Cellular hypoxia Multiple Response
2. Autolysis Identify one or more choices that best complete the statement or answer the question.
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular edema 22. Which statements regarding the microtubules are true? Select all that apply.
1. Microtubules are solid.
15. Which factor provides DNA the unique molecular ability to replicate? 2. Microtubules are flexible.
1. The pairing of nitrogenous bases 3. Microtubules are composed of tubulin.
, 4. Microtubules are called actin filaments. Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
5. Microtubules have structures involved in cell division. Answer Section
23. Which cellular actions are carried out during the process of protein synthesis? Select all that apply.
1. DNA directs the cell to carry out the process. MULTIPLE CHOICE
2. Transcription occurs in the ribosome of the cell.
3. Protein translation takes place in the cell nucleus. 1. ANS: 4
4. RNA is single-stranded and travels outside the nucleus. Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
5. In RNA, the pyrimidine base thymine is replaced with uracil. Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Page: 1
24. Which characteristics are specific to RNA during protein synthesis? Select all that apply. Heading: Cell Structure and Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump)
1. Presence of ribose pentose sugar Integrated Process: Nursing Process
2. Presence of single-stranded helix Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
3. Presence of double-stranded helix Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
4. Presence of deoxyribose pentose sugar Concept: Cellular Regulation
5. Presence of uracil and cytosine as a pyrimidine base Difficulty: Moderate
25. Which are the purine bases found in DNA? Select all that apply. Feedback
1. Uracil 1 This is incorrect. The plasma membrane of the cell is less soluble to sodium ions
2. Adenine
and more soluble to potassium ions.
3. Guanine 2
4. Thymine
This is incorrect. The concentration of sodium ions should be higher outside the
cell compartment.
5. Cytosine
3 This is incorrect. The concentration of potassium ions should be higher inside
the cell compartment. NURSINGTB.COM
NURSINGTB.COM 4 This is correct. In active transport, for every three sodium ions pumped out, two
potassium ions are pumped in.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
2. ANS: 2
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.
Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Analysis [Analyzing]
Concept: Cellular Regulation
Difficulty: Difficult
Feedback
1 This is incorrect. When oxygen is not available, anaerobic metabolism produces
significantly less cellular energy: a net yield of 2 ATP, as well as pyruvic acid.
2 This is correct. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvic acid is converted into
acetyl-coenzyme A, which triggers a series of reactions known as the Krebs
cycle, also called the citric acid cycle.
3 This is incorrect. Pyruvic acid is converted into acetyl-coenzyme A, not
activated.
, 4 This is incorrect. In cellular hypoxia, pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid, containing various sequences of nucleotides. Its numbers are not affected by the
which is noxious to cells, causing muscle pain and biochemical alterations such cell’s energy needs.
as acidosis.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation 5. ANS: 4
3. ANS: 3 Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Objective: Discuss the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Page: 3
Page: 3 Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Integrated Process: Nursing Process Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Cognitive Level: Knowledge [Remembering] Concept: Cellular Regulation
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
Difficulty: Easy
Feedback
Feedback 1 This is incorrect. Protein synthesis is the function of ribosomes. An increase in
1 This is incorrect. In anaerobic energy metabolism, 2 ATPs and pyruvic acid are the synthesis of proteins does not yield energy and is not directly related to
produced. exercise.
2 This is incorrect. In active transport, 3 sodium ions are pumped out. This takes 2 This is incorrect. In aerobic energy metabolism created by exercise, anaerobic
place in the plasma membrane. metabolism, also referred to as glycolysis, occurs outside the mitochondria. In
3 This is correct. The process of aerobic energy requires oxygen and provides the anaerobic metabolism, glucose is used to create energy.
maximum amount of energy for cellular function. The process yields 34 ATPs. 3 This is incorrect. Conversion of pyruvic acid to lactic acid in cellular hypoxia is
4 This is incorrect. AerobNiU
cRenSeI
rgNy GmTeB
ta. M produces 34 ATPs, not 53.
boCliOsm noxious to cells and doNesUnRoSt I
crN
eaGteTeBn.
erCO.M
gy
4 This is correct. Exercise stimulates mitochondria found in the muscle cells to
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation create energy. This process is supported by the increased number of
4. ANS: 2 mitochondria found in muscle cells.
Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell. PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Page: 3 6. ANS: 3
Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Mitochondria Chapter: Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
Integrated Process: Nursing Process Objective: Recognize the major organelles and their function within the cell.
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Page: 4
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding] Heading: Cell Structure and Function>Ribosomes>Endoplasmic Reticulum
Concept: Cellular Regulation Integrated Processes: Nursing Process
Difficulty: Moderate Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
Cognitive Level: Comprehension [Understanding]
Feedback Concept: Cellular Regulation
1 This is incorrect. Ribosomes are small, spherical-shaped organelles of the Difficulty: Moderate
ribosomal ribonucleic acid.
2 This is correct. Cell types differ in their number of mitochondria according to Feedback
their energy needs. For example, muscle cells have abundant mitochondria 1 This is incorrect. Ribosomal protein synthesis does not cease during
because they require a high amount of energy to function, whereas bone cells endoplasmic reticulum stress.
have fewer mitochondria. 2 This is incorrect. ATP is synthesized in the energy metabolism. It does not
3 This is incorrect. Ribonucleic acid is not affected by the cell’s energy needs. interfere with protein synthesis.
4 This is incorrect. Deoxyribonucleic acid contains double-stranded helical chains 3 This is correct. When the cells are deprived of adequate oxygen supply, the
