Nursing 216 Exam 3 Study Guide UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Anatomical order of urinary elimination process is: Kidneys > Ureters > Bladder > Urethra
Anatomical order of bowel elimination process is: Mouth > Esophagus > Stomach > Small Intestine > Large Intestine > Anus >
Defecation
What are the causes and symptoms of dysuria? Causes: UTI, localized trauma of the urethra
Symptoms: burning or pain
Define different types of incontinence and their Transient - caused by medical conditions, usually treatable and reversible
symptoms: Functional - caused outside of UT, r/t functional deficits, including environmental
barriers, caregiver neglect
Chronic Retention/Overflow - overdistended bladder r/t obstruction, bladder
contraction weakness
Stress - small leakage r/t pelvic muscle weakness, increased intraabdominal
pressure, sphincter, urethra can't stay closed (sneeze, cough)
Urge - overactive bladder r/t neurological , unknown
Reflex - predictable intervals at volumes, r/t spinal damage C1 to S2
What are the complications associated with insertion of high risk of CAUTI, bacteriuria, urosepsis, urethral damage, biofilms, encrustations,
an indwelling foley catheter and how can they be epididymitis, hematuria, bladder stones, bladder cancer, catheter expulsion or
prevented? dislodgement ;prevented by basic infection control knowledge, optimal hand
hygiene, securing the catheter properly, maintain unobstructed urine flow and
closed sterile drainage system using sterile technique properly
How is a clean catch urine specimen collected to midstream, clean gloves, use aseptic technique, spread labia, hold penis, clean
decrease contamination from the skin? urethral area, remove specimen before flow stops and before releasing labia or
penis, only touch outside of container, clean urine from exterior, for catheter use
syringe, clamp for 10-15mins not from drainage bag
What nursing interventions may help stimulate urination in turning on running water, have females squat or sit on toilet or commode with feet
patients having difficulty voiding? flat on floor, position on bedpan upright, have male stand
What medications or supplements cause stool to be iron supplements, bismuth-based medications, black licorice
black (stomach bleeding is common cause, coffee
ground appearance)
What advice should be given to patients to improve repeat at least 3 times on 3 separate bowel movements
accuracy of fecal occult blood testing (Test to check for
blood in stool and may be used for colon cancer
screening)?
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Anatomical order of urinary elimination process is: Kidneys > Ureters > Bladder > Urethra
Anatomical order of bowel elimination process is: Mouth > Esophagus > Stomach > Small Intestine > Large Intestine > Anus >
Defecation
What are the causes and symptoms of dysuria? Causes: UTI, localized trauma of the urethra
Symptoms: burning or pain
Define different types of incontinence and their Transient - caused by medical conditions, usually treatable and reversible
symptoms: Functional - caused outside of UT, r/t functional deficits, including environmental
barriers, caregiver neglect
Chronic Retention/Overflow - overdistended bladder r/t obstruction, bladder
contraction weakness
Stress - small leakage r/t pelvic muscle weakness, increased intraabdominal
pressure, sphincter, urethra can't stay closed (sneeze, cough)
Urge - overactive bladder r/t neurological , unknown
Reflex - predictable intervals at volumes, r/t spinal damage C1 to S2
What are the complications associated with insertion of high risk of CAUTI, bacteriuria, urosepsis, urethral damage, biofilms, encrustations,
an indwelling foley catheter and how can they be epididymitis, hematuria, bladder stones, bladder cancer, catheter expulsion or
prevented? dislodgement ;prevented by basic infection control knowledge, optimal hand
hygiene, securing the catheter properly, maintain unobstructed urine flow and
closed sterile drainage system using sterile technique properly
How is a clean catch urine specimen collected to midstream, clean gloves, use aseptic technique, spread labia, hold penis, clean
decrease contamination from the skin? urethral area, remove specimen before flow stops and before releasing labia or
penis, only touch outside of container, clean urine from exterior, for catheter use
syringe, clamp for 10-15mins not from drainage bag
What nursing interventions may help stimulate urination in turning on running water, have females squat or sit on toilet or commode with feet
patients having difficulty voiding? flat on floor, position on bedpan upright, have male stand
What medications or supplements cause stool to be iron supplements, bismuth-based medications, black licorice
black (stomach bleeding is common cause, coffee
ground appearance)
What advice should be given to patients to improve repeat at least 3 times on 3 separate bowel movements
accuracy of fecal occult blood testing (Test to check for
blood in stool and may be used for colon cancer
screening)?
