INTRODUCTORY MEDICAL SURGICAL
NURSING LORETTA FINAL PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Acetylcholinesterase. Answer: the enzyme that breaks down
acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft
◉ Axons. Answer: Carry impulses away from the cell body
◉ Brain Stem. Answer: Connection to spinal cord. Filters
information flow between peripheral nervous system and the rest of
the brain.
◉ Cauda Equina. Answer: collection of spinal nerves below the end
of the spinal cord
◉ Central Nervous System. Answer: Brain and spinal cord
◉ Cerebellum. Answer: A large structure of the hindbrain that
controls fine motor skills.
,◉ Cerebrum. Answer: Largest part of the brain; coordinates thought,
reasoning, movement, and memory, includes the cerebral cortex and
the white matter beneath it.
◉ Corpus Callosum. Answer: A thick band of axons that connects the
two cerebral hemispheres and acts as a communication link
between them.
◉ Decerebrate Posturing. Answer: posturing in which the neck is
extended with jaw clenched; arms are pronated, extended, and close
to the sides; legs are extended straight out; more ominous sign of
brain stem damage. Most Severe.
◉ Decorticate Posturing. Answer: characterized by upper
extremities flexed at the elbows and held closely to the body and
lower extremities that are externally rotated and extended. occurs
when the brainstem is not inhibited by the motor function of the
cerebral cortex.
◉ Dendrites. Answer: Branchlike parts of a neuron that are
specialized to receive information.
◉ Dopamine. Answer: A neurotransmitter associated with
movement, attention and learning and the brain's pleasure and
reward system.
, ◉ Dura Matter. Answer: Thick outermost layer of the meninges
surrounding and protecting the brain.
◉ Epinephrine. Answer: A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal
medulla in response to stress preparing the body for "flight or fight"
(trade name Adrenalin)
◉ Extrapyramidal. Answer: are involuntary movements that result
mainly from taking first-generation antipsychotic drugs
◉ Flaccidity. Answer: Low muscle tone
◉ Medulla Oblongata. Answer: A portion of the brainstem that
regulates vital functions, including breathing, heart rate, and blood
pressure.
◉ Meninges. Answer: three layers of connective tissue in which the
brain and spinal cord are wrapped
◉ Midbrain. Answer: A small part of the brain above the pons that
integrates sensory information and relays it upward.
NURSING LORETTA FINAL PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Acetylcholinesterase. Answer: the enzyme that breaks down
acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft
◉ Axons. Answer: Carry impulses away from the cell body
◉ Brain Stem. Answer: Connection to spinal cord. Filters
information flow between peripheral nervous system and the rest of
the brain.
◉ Cauda Equina. Answer: collection of spinal nerves below the end
of the spinal cord
◉ Central Nervous System. Answer: Brain and spinal cord
◉ Cerebellum. Answer: A large structure of the hindbrain that
controls fine motor skills.
,◉ Cerebrum. Answer: Largest part of the brain; coordinates thought,
reasoning, movement, and memory, includes the cerebral cortex and
the white matter beneath it.
◉ Corpus Callosum. Answer: A thick band of axons that connects the
two cerebral hemispheres and acts as a communication link
between them.
◉ Decerebrate Posturing. Answer: posturing in which the neck is
extended with jaw clenched; arms are pronated, extended, and close
to the sides; legs are extended straight out; more ominous sign of
brain stem damage. Most Severe.
◉ Decorticate Posturing. Answer: characterized by upper
extremities flexed at the elbows and held closely to the body and
lower extremities that are externally rotated and extended. occurs
when the brainstem is not inhibited by the motor function of the
cerebral cortex.
◉ Dendrites. Answer: Branchlike parts of a neuron that are
specialized to receive information.
◉ Dopamine. Answer: A neurotransmitter associated with
movement, attention and learning and the brain's pleasure and
reward system.
, ◉ Dura Matter. Answer: Thick outermost layer of the meninges
surrounding and protecting the brain.
◉ Epinephrine. Answer: A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal
medulla in response to stress preparing the body for "flight or fight"
(trade name Adrenalin)
◉ Extrapyramidal. Answer: are involuntary movements that result
mainly from taking first-generation antipsychotic drugs
◉ Flaccidity. Answer: Low muscle tone
◉ Medulla Oblongata. Answer: A portion of the brainstem that
regulates vital functions, including breathing, heart rate, and blood
pressure.
◉ Meninges. Answer: three layers of connective tissue in which the
brain and spinal cord are wrapped
◉ Midbrain. Answer: A small part of the brain above the pons that
integrates sensory information and relays it upward.
