CNOR Intraoperative Care Exam
Questions and Answers16
ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) - ANSWERS-As low as reasonably achievable. Adopted
as a culture and attitude by professionals who work with ionizing radiation to minimize radiation
exposure and risks.
Aseptic technique - ANSWERS-a protocol of clinical/surgical behaviours and control of infection
measures to prevent actual or potential cross-contamination from patient to patient, operator
to patient and patient to operator.
Perioperative Asepsis - ANSWERS-A combination of techniques and protocols employed to
prevent microorganisms from entering an open surgical wound or contaminating a sterile field
during surgery.
Components of perioperative asepsis - ANSWERS--Performing surgical skin asepsis
-wearing correct surgical attire
-performing hand hygiene and the surgical hand scrub
-Gowning and gloving correctly
-Maintaining the sterile field
-Moving within the sterile field
Maintaining sterile field using aseptic technique - ANSWERS-preparing the sterile field
draping the surgical field
moving within the sterile field
Blood products - ANSWERS--confirm if blood products are needed.
,-confirm that consent for blood products is present.
-confirm availability of blood products.
-obtaining needed products from the blood bank.
-maintaining products in the OR according the the American Association of Blood Banks
guidelines.
-Confirming the correct patient and product type.
-Maintain awareness for possible reaction.
-Anticipate needs for additional products.
Ergonomics - ANSWERS-The study of workplace equipment design or how to arrange and design
devices, machines, or workspace so that people and things interact safely and most efficiently.
Ergonomics in the OR - ANSWERS-Reduces the patient's risk of positioning injury to minimize
the potential for complications.
Positioning the patient - ANSWERS--Anticipate and procure necessary equiptment.
-Initiate Interventions to prevent development of pressure ulcers.
-optimize exposure for the surgical procedure, support patient comfort, and support optimal
physiological responses related to the patient's circulatory and respiratory functions
-Work collaboratively with peri-operative team using any necessary assist devices to reduce
injury to the patient or team members.
Aspired Surgical Positioning - ANSWERS--Ensuring the patient's modesty, dignity, and respect.
-Maintaining optimal anatomic and physical function
-Preventing harm to skin, muscle and neurovascular structures.
Shearing - ANSWERS-Sliding of skin and subcutaneous tissue over stationary muscles which can
occur in steep positions such as Trendelburg.
, Friction - ANSWERS-The act of rubbing one tissue over another tissue or surface which can
occur if the patient is dragged from one surgace to another without using a friction-reducing
transfer device.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - ANSWERS-Protective equipment that blocks exposure to
a pathogen or a hazardous material.
Fire Triange - ANSWERS-Fuel, Ignition, Oxidizers are the three elements present in the
perioperative setting.
Fire risk assessment - ANSWERS--Fuel sources such as alcohol-based prep solutions, drapes,
endotracheal tubes.
-Ignition sources, electro-surgical unit devices, fiber-optic light cords, lasers.
-Oxidizers
-Whether the surgical site will be above the xiphoid.
Smoke Plume - ANSWERS-the by-product of use of energy-generating devices. Contaminants
include:
-benzene
-bio-aerosol
-formaldehyde
-hydrogen cyanide
-living cells
-toxic gases and vapors
-viruses
Radiation Safety - ANSWERS-Based on three tenets: time, distance, shielding.
Questions and Answers16
ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) - ANSWERS-As low as reasonably achievable. Adopted
as a culture and attitude by professionals who work with ionizing radiation to minimize radiation
exposure and risks.
Aseptic technique - ANSWERS-a protocol of clinical/surgical behaviours and control of infection
measures to prevent actual or potential cross-contamination from patient to patient, operator
to patient and patient to operator.
Perioperative Asepsis - ANSWERS-A combination of techniques and protocols employed to
prevent microorganisms from entering an open surgical wound or contaminating a sterile field
during surgery.
Components of perioperative asepsis - ANSWERS--Performing surgical skin asepsis
-wearing correct surgical attire
-performing hand hygiene and the surgical hand scrub
-Gowning and gloving correctly
-Maintaining the sterile field
-Moving within the sterile field
Maintaining sterile field using aseptic technique - ANSWERS-preparing the sterile field
draping the surgical field
moving within the sterile field
Blood products - ANSWERS--confirm if blood products are needed.
,-confirm that consent for blood products is present.
-confirm availability of blood products.
-obtaining needed products from the blood bank.
-maintaining products in the OR according the the American Association of Blood Banks
guidelines.
-Confirming the correct patient and product type.
-Maintain awareness for possible reaction.
-Anticipate needs for additional products.
Ergonomics - ANSWERS-The study of workplace equipment design or how to arrange and design
devices, machines, or workspace so that people and things interact safely and most efficiently.
Ergonomics in the OR - ANSWERS-Reduces the patient's risk of positioning injury to minimize
the potential for complications.
Positioning the patient - ANSWERS--Anticipate and procure necessary equiptment.
-Initiate Interventions to prevent development of pressure ulcers.
-optimize exposure for the surgical procedure, support patient comfort, and support optimal
physiological responses related to the patient's circulatory and respiratory functions
-Work collaboratively with peri-operative team using any necessary assist devices to reduce
injury to the patient or team members.
Aspired Surgical Positioning - ANSWERS--Ensuring the patient's modesty, dignity, and respect.
-Maintaining optimal anatomic and physical function
-Preventing harm to skin, muscle and neurovascular structures.
Shearing - ANSWERS-Sliding of skin and subcutaneous tissue over stationary muscles which can
occur in steep positions such as Trendelburg.
, Friction - ANSWERS-The act of rubbing one tissue over another tissue or surface which can
occur if the patient is dragged from one surgace to another without using a friction-reducing
transfer device.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) - ANSWERS-Protective equipment that blocks exposure to
a pathogen or a hazardous material.
Fire Triange - ANSWERS-Fuel, Ignition, Oxidizers are the three elements present in the
perioperative setting.
Fire risk assessment - ANSWERS--Fuel sources such as alcohol-based prep solutions, drapes,
endotracheal tubes.
-Ignition sources, electro-surgical unit devices, fiber-optic light cords, lasers.
-Oxidizers
-Whether the surgical site will be above the xiphoid.
Smoke Plume - ANSWERS-the by-product of use of energy-generating devices. Contaminants
include:
-benzene
-bio-aerosol
-formaldehyde
-hydrogen cyanide
-living cells
-toxic gases and vapors
-viruses
Radiation Safety - ANSWERS-Based on three tenets: time, distance, shielding.
