BIOL 250 FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
Robert Hooke developed the first microscope, used to look at plant cells, first to use the term
cells-- looked like what monks lived in
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek father of microbiology
first to look at living material-- scraped his teeth and saw that sick people had
different microogranisms than his did
Carolus Linnaeus binomial nomenclature
schleiden and schwann formulated the cell theory-- cells are fundamental unit of life and carry out
functions of all living things
Louis Pasteur swan flask experiment-- if the flask was tipped then it would come in contact with
particles and growth would occur immediately
Koch's postulates When determining the causative agent of disease...
1. specific causative agent must be fond in every case of the disease
2. the disease organism must be isolated into pure culture
3. inoculate a sample of the culture into a previously healthy individual-- must
produce the same disease symptoms
4. culture recovered from the inoculated animal must be the same as the original
disease causing agent
What did Koch identify the causative agents of cholera-- Vibrio cholerae
tuberculosis--Mycobacterium tuberculosis
anthrax-- Bacillus anthracis
Phillip Semmelweis doctors should wash their hands-- connection between doctors doing autopsies
and delivering babies
Joseph Lister father of antiseptic surgery
atom smallest chemical unit
element composted of one kind of matter
molecule two or more atoms combied-- O2
compound multiple elements- C6H12O6
atomic weight sum of protons and neutrons
atomic number sum of protons in the nucleus
, cations lose an electron when joined with another atom, become more positively charged
anion gain an electron, become more negatively charged
isotopes atoms within elements that have different number on neutrons-- ex. carbon12,13,14
gram molecular weight adding based on atomic weights
Avogadro's number 6.023x10^23
ionic bond outermost electrons are transferred from one orbital to another
covalent bond sharing on electrons between orbitals-- certain arrangements are favorable and
can hold the structure of compounds together
hydrogen bond interactions among postvely and negatively charged assets-- weak individually
but stronger molecular strength when grouping
catabolism two elements/compounds joined together to release the energy (break down of
substances)
anabolism building of substances
qualities of water 1. act as a solvent bc of its polar nature, negative attracts positive, vice versa
2. surface tensions-- provides physical strenght
3. high specific heat-- heat can be maintained in living entities, ex. maintaining
body temp
4. medium for most chemical reactions
mixture two substances combined but not chemically bound-- sugar and salt
solution two substances combined and not easily broken-- salt or sugar in water
solute the substance that is dissolved-- the sugar
solvent solutions in which substances are dissolved
pH scales relates concentration to a numeric value
carbohydrates main source of energy for most living things
levels of carbohydrates monosaccharides- glucose
disaccharides- lactose
polysaccharides- starch/glycogen
CORRECT Answers
Robert Hooke developed the first microscope, used to look at plant cells, first to use the term
cells-- looked like what monks lived in
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek father of microbiology
first to look at living material-- scraped his teeth and saw that sick people had
different microogranisms than his did
Carolus Linnaeus binomial nomenclature
schleiden and schwann formulated the cell theory-- cells are fundamental unit of life and carry out
functions of all living things
Louis Pasteur swan flask experiment-- if the flask was tipped then it would come in contact with
particles and growth would occur immediately
Koch's postulates When determining the causative agent of disease...
1. specific causative agent must be fond in every case of the disease
2. the disease organism must be isolated into pure culture
3. inoculate a sample of the culture into a previously healthy individual-- must
produce the same disease symptoms
4. culture recovered from the inoculated animal must be the same as the original
disease causing agent
What did Koch identify the causative agents of cholera-- Vibrio cholerae
tuberculosis--Mycobacterium tuberculosis
anthrax-- Bacillus anthracis
Phillip Semmelweis doctors should wash their hands-- connection between doctors doing autopsies
and delivering babies
Joseph Lister father of antiseptic surgery
atom smallest chemical unit
element composted of one kind of matter
molecule two or more atoms combied-- O2
compound multiple elements- C6H12O6
atomic weight sum of protons and neutrons
atomic number sum of protons in the nucleus
, cations lose an electron when joined with another atom, become more positively charged
anion gain an electron, become more negatively charged
isotopes atoms within elements that have different number on neutrons-- ex. carbon12,13,14
gram molecular weight adding based on atomic weights
Avogadro's number 6.023x10^23
ionic bond outermost electrons are transferred from one orbital to another
covalent bond sharing on electrons between orbitals-- certain arrangements are favorable and
can hold the structure of compounds together
hydrogen bond interactions among postvely and negatively charged assets-- weak individually
but stronger molecular strength when grouping
catabolism two elements/compounds joined together to release the energy (break down of
substances)
anabolism building of substances
qualities of water 1. act as a solvent bc of its polar nature, negative attracts positive, vice versa
2. surface tensions-- provides physical strenght
3. high specific heat-- heat can be maintained in living entities, ex. maintaining
body temp
4. medium for most chemical reactions
mixture two substances combined but not chemically bound-- sugar and salt
solution two substances combined and not easily broken-- salt or sugar in water
solute the substance that is dissolved-- the sugar
solvent solutions in which substances are dissolved
pH scales relates concentration to a numeric value
carbohydrates main source of energy for most living things
levels of carbohydrates monosaccharides- glucose
disaccharides- lactose
polysaccharides- starch/glycogen
