GEOLOGY 101 METAMORPHIC ROCKS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

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GEOLOGY 101 METAMORPHIC ROCKS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Metamorphic rocks - ans-solid-state alteration of preexisting rocks ws ws wsws ws ws ws ws




Meta, Morphe - ans-change, form
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protoliths - ans-The preexisting rocks that are altered during metamorphism
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Protoliths undergo changes in what two parts? - ans-texture and mineralogy
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Why do protliths texture and mineralogy change? - ans-
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variations in temperature, pressure, tectonic stress, and the amount of reactive water
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What do metamorphic not do? - ans-Melt
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Foliation - ans-a planar fabric that cuts through the rock
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How is foliation defined? - ans-
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alignment of platy minerals (i.e., micas), or creation of alternating light/dark bands
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Recrystallization - ans- ws wsws




Minerals change size and shape by dissolution and growth of crystals. The identity of the mineral do
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esn't changews




phase change - ans- ws ws wsws




New minerals form that have the same chemical formula but a different crystal structure
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neocrystallization - ans- ws wsws




New minerals form from old. Protolith minerals become unstable and undergo chemical reactions th
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at recycle elements to form a new mineral assemblage.
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pressure solution - ans- ws ws wsws




Mineral grains partially dissolve where their surfaces press together. Dissolved ions migrate in a thin
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water film and reprecipitate. This process requires small amounts of water
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plastic deformation - ans-
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Mineral grains soften and deform when rock is squeezed or sheared at elevated temperature and pr
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essure. The minerals change shape without breaking, like a plastic.
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The agents of metamorphism? - ans-Heat, pressure, compression and shear, and hot water
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What does Metamorphism occur? - ans-between 250oC and 850oC
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Compression - ans-stress that is greater in one direction ws wsws ws ws ws ws ws ws




Shear stress - ans-moves part of a material sideways causing it to be smeared out
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