This ASCP MLS Blood Bank 2026 Exam study guide contains approximately 450 structured multiple-choice questions with detailed correct answers covering the full scope of immunohematology and transfusion medicine. The content spans donor eligibility and deferral criteria, infectious disease screening (HBsAg, anti-HIV, ELISA, Western blot), AABB standards, blood component preparation, storage temperatures, expiration requirements, irradiation, leukoreduction, platelet quality control, cryoprecipitate factor levels, and massive transfusion protocols. It also includes applied clinical decision-making scenarios such as product selection for DIC, hemophilia A, neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, exchange transfusion, intrauterine transfusion, and emergency compatibility calculations.
The document provides extensive coverage of red cell antigen systems including ABO subgroups (A3, Bombay phenotype), Rh genotypes and haplotypes, Kell, Kidd, Duffy, MNS, Lutheran, Lewis, HLA, and platelet antigens. Advanced topics include Hardy–Weinberg calculations, gene frequency problems, compatibility probability calculations, antibody identification patterns, enzyme effects on antigen expression, cold agglutinin syndrome, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, HDFN severity prediction using the Liley method, and interpretation of DAT results in newborns. Storage standards for RBCs, FFP, platelets, cryoprecipitate, and frozen components are explained in accordance with AABB and FDA requirements.
This resource aligns closely with the curriculum used in Medical Laboratory Science programs and corresponds with major concepts presented in widely adopted textbooks such as Modern Blood Banking & Transfusion Practices by Denise M. Harmening. It is designed as a comprehensive certification review tool suitable for both theoretical mastery and clinical application.
This document is particularly relevant for:
ASCP MLS (Medical Laboratory Scientist) certification candidates
ASCP MLT certification candidates
Specialist in Blood Banking (SBB) trainees
Medical Laboratory Science students
Clinical Laboratory Science programs
Transfusion Medicine courses
Immunohematology courses
Hospital Blood Bank technologists preparing for competency exams
Keywords:
ASCP MLS blood bank exam, immunohematology review, transfusion medicine certification, AABB standards, donor eligibility criteria, blood component storage, cryoprecipitate factor VIII, platelet quality control, leukocyte reduction, irradiation blood products, ABO subgroups, Bombay phenotype, Rh genotypes, Kell system, Kidd antibodies, Duffy antigen, HLA antibodies, hemolytic disease of the newborn, Hardy Weinberg calculations, compatibility probability
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ASCP MLS Blood Bank 2026
Exam Questions and Correct
Answers | New Update
The minimum hemoglobin concentration in a fingerstick from a male blood
donor is:
a. 12.0 g/dL (120 g/L)
b. 12.5 g/dL (125 g/L)
,c. 13.5 g/dL (135 g/L)
d. 15.0 g/dL (150 g/L) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔b. All donors, regardless of sex,
require a minimum hemoglobin of 12.5 g/dL (125 g/L). The value must not
be performed on an earlobe stick.
A cause for permanent deferral of blood donation is:
a. diabetes
b. residence in an endemic malaria region
c. history of jaundice of uncertain cause
d. history of therapeutic rabies vaccine - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔c. Jaundice is a
sign of liver impairment, which might be due to HBV or HCV. Infection with
HBV and HCV is a cause for indefinite deferral.
Which of the following prospective donors would be accepted for donation?
a. 32-year-old woman who received a transfusion in a complicated delivery
5 months previously
,b. 19-year-old sailor who has been stateside for 9 months and stopped
taking his anti-malarial medication 9 months previously
c. 22-year-old college student who has a temperature of 99.2F (37.3C) and
states that he feels well, but is nervous about donating
d. 45-year-old woman who has just recovered from a bladder infection and
is still taking antibiotics - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔c. The receipt of blood products is
a
6-month deferral, the deferral for travel to areas endemic for malaria is 12
months regardless of
antimalarial prophylaxis, and a person taking antibiotics may have
bacteremia. The requirement for temperature is not over 37.5°C or 99.5°F.
Which one of the following constitutes permanent rejection status of a
donor?
a. a tattoo 5 months previously
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, b. recent close contact with a patient with viral hepatitis
c. 2 units of blood transfused 4 months previously
d. confirmed positive test for HBsAg 10 years previously - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔d.
A positive test for HbsAg at any time is an indefinite deferral.
According to AABB standards, which of the following donors may be
accepted as a blood donor?
a. traveled to an area endemic for malaria 9 months previously
b. spontaneous abortion at 2 months of pregnancy, 3 months previously
c. resides with a known hepatitis patient
d. received a blood transfusion 22 weeks previously - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔b. A
woman who had a spontaneous abortion at 2 months of pregnancy, 3
months previously would be acceptable. A donor is acceptable if she has
not been pregnant in the previous 6 weeks.
Below are the results of the history obtained from a prospective female
blood donor: