Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Finals Questions And Correct Answers

FINAL EXAM ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY,
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINALS QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS

physiologicA2jaundiceA2-A2Ans--AA23-
dayA2oldA2infantA2isA2notedA2toA2haveA2aA2mildlyA2elevatedA2unconjugatedA2bilirubinA2levelA
2andA2icterus.A2YourA2concernA2isA2thatA2thisA2childA2mayA2have:
a.A2physiologicA2jaundice
b.A2kernicterus
c.A2glucose-6-phosphateA2dehydrogenaseA2deficiency
d.A2pathologicA2jaundice

LysosomesA2-A2Ans--
WhichA2cellA2componentA2isA2capableA2ofA2cellularA2autodigestionA2whenA2itA2isA2released
A2duringA2cellA2injury?
a.A2lysosomes
b.A2ribosomesc.A2smoothA2endoplasmi
cA2reticulum
d.A2golgiA2complex

WhichA2componentA2ofA2theA2cellA2producesA2hydrogenA2peroxideA2(H2O2)A2byA2usingA2o
xygenA2toA2removeA2hydrogenA2atomsA2fromA2specificA2substratesA2inA2anA2oxidativeA2rea
ction?

A)A2lysosomes
B)A2peroxisomes
C)A2ribosomes
D)A2oxyhydrosomesA2-A2Ans--Ans:A2B-A2peroxisomes

ContainA2organellesA2andA2complexA2internalA2membranesA2-A2Ans--
TheA2differenceA2betweenA2eukaryotesA2andA2prokaryotesA2isA2thatA2eukaryotes:
a.A2allA2ofA2theseA2answersA2areA2correct
b.A2areA2smallerA2inA2size
c.A2containA2organelles
d.A2haveA2noA2nuclearA2membrane

WhatA2isA2aA2consequenceA2ofA2plasmaA2membraneA2damageA2toA2theA2mitochondria?

A)A2enzymaticA2digestionA2haltsA2deoxyribonucleicA2acidA2(DNA)A2synthese
B)A2influxA2ofA2calciumA2ionsA2haltsA2adenosineA2triphosphateA2(ATP)A2production

,C)A2edemaA2fromA2anA2influxA2inA2sodiumA2causesA2aA2reductionA2inA2ATPA2production
D)A2potassiumA2shiftsA2outA2ofA2theA2mitochondria,A2whichA2destroysA2theA2infrastructureA2
-A2Ans--Ans:A2B-
A2influxA2ofA2calciumA2ionsA2haltsA2adenosineA2triphosphateA2(ATP)A2production


PackagesA2proteinA2forA2secretionA2toA2theA2outsideA2ofA2theA2cellA2-A2Ans--
WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2functionA2ofA2Golgi?
a.A2PackagesA2proteinA2forA2secretionA2toA2theA2outsideA2ofA2theA2cell
b.A2ProducesA2ATPA2forA2cellA2function
c.A2ContainsA2hydrolyticA2enzymes
d.A2IsA2theA2siteA2ofA2proteinA2synthesisA2inA2aA2cell

WhichA2statementA2isA2aA2descriptionA2ofA2oneA2ofA2theA2characteristicsA2ofA2apoptosis?

A)A2apoptosisA2involvesA2programmedA2cellA2deathA2ofA2scatteredA2singelA2cells
B)A2apoptosisA2isA2characterizedA2byA2theA2swellingA2ofA2theA2nucleusA2andA2theA2cytoplas
m
C)A2apoptosisA2involvesA2unpredictableA2patternsA2ofA2cellA2death
D)A2apoptosisA2resultsA2inA2benignA2malignanciesA2-A2Ans--Ans:A2A-
A2apoptosisA2involvesA2programmedA2cellA2deathA2ofA2scatteredA2singelA2cells


DuringA2cellA2injuryA2causedA2byA2hypoxia,A2sodiumA2andA2waterA2moveA2intoA2theA2cellA2b
ecause:

A)A2duringA2cellA2injuryA2causeA2byA2hypoxia,A2sodiumA2andA2waterA2moveA2intoA2theA2cell
A2because:
B)A2theA2pumpA2thatA2transportsA2sodiumA2outA2ofA2theA2cellA2cannotA2functionA2becauseA2
ofA2aA2decreaseA2inA2adenosineA2triphosphateA2(ATP)A2levels
C)A2theA2osmoticA2pressureA2isA2increased,A2whichA2pullsA2additionalA2sodiumA2acrossA2th
eA2cellA2membrane
D)A2oxygenA2isA2notA2availableA2toA2bindA2withA2sodiumA2toA2maintainA2itA2outsideA2ofA2theA
2cellA2-A2Ans--Ans:A2C-
A2theA2osmoticA2pressureA2isA2increased,A2whichA2pullsA2additionalA2sodiumA2acrossA2theA
2cellA2membrane


IsA2theA2siteA2ofA2proteinA2synthesisA2inA2aA2cellA2-A2Ans--
WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2functionA2ofA2theA2roughA2endoplasmicA2reticulum?
a.A2ContainsA2hydrolyticA2enzymes
b.A2IsA2theA2siteA2ofA2proteinA2synthesisA2inA2aA2cell
c.A2PackagesA2proteinA2forA2secretionA2toA2theA2outsideA2ofA2theA2cell
d.A2ProducesA2ATPA2forA2cellA2function

ObesityA2createsA2aA2greaterA2riskA2forA2dehydrationA2inA2peopleA2because:

A)A2adiposeA2cellsA2containA2littleA2waterA2becauseA2fatA2isA2waterA2repelling
B)A2theA2metabolicA2ratesA2ofA2obeseA2adultsA2areA2slowerA2thanA2thoseA2ofA2leanA2adults

, C)A2theA2ratesA2ofA2urineA2outputA2ofA2obeseA2adultsA2areA2higherA2thanA2thosA2ofA2leanA2a
dults
D)A2theA2thirstA2receptorsA2ofA2theA2hypothalamusA2doA2notA2functionA2effectivelyA2-A2Ans--
Ans:A2A-A2adiposeA2cellsA2containA2littleA2waterA2becauseA2fatA2isA2waterA2repelling

EpigeneticA2modificationsA2-A2Ans--
WhatA2geneticA2processA2isA2likelyA2responsibleA2forA2theA2occurrenceA2ofA2asthmaA2inA2o
nlyA2oneA2ofA2aA2pairA2ofA2identicalA2twins?
a.A2genomicA2imprinting
b.A2epigeneticA2modifications
c.A2methylation
d.A2transgenerationalA2inheritance

RNAA2isA2synthesizedA2fromA2aA2DNAA2templateA2-A2Ans--
TranscriptionA2isA2bestA2definedA2asA2aA2processA2byA2which
a.A2AA2baseA2pairA2substitutionA2resultsA2inA2aA2mutationA2ofA2theA2aminoA2acidA2sequence
b.A2DNAA2polymeraseA2bindsA2toA2theA2promoterA2siteA2onA2RNA.
c.A2RNAA2directsA2theA2synthesisA2ofA2ribosomesA2forA2proteinA2synthesis
d.A2RNAA2isA2synthesizedA2fromA2aA2DNAA2template

nondisjunctionA2errorA2-A2Ans--
WhatA2isA2theA2mostA2commonA2causeA2ofA2DownA2syndrome?
a.A2paternalA2translocation
b.A2paternalA2viralA2illness
c.A2nondisjunctionA2error
d.A2maternalA2viralA2illness

klinefelterA2-A2Ans--
AA2personA2withA2XXXYA2hasA2theA2geneticA2disorderA2calledA2__________A2syndrome.
a.A2down
b.A2fragileA2x
c.A2klinefelter
d.A2turner

autosomalA2recessiveA2-A2Ans--
CysticA2fibrosisA2isA2causedA2byA2anA2__________________A2gene.
a.A2x-linkedA2dominant
b.A2autosomalA2recessive
c.A2autosomalA2dominant
d.A2x-linkedA2recessive

WhatA2causesA2theA2clinicalA2manifestationsA2ofA2confusion,A2convulsions,A2cerebralA2he
morrhage,A2andA2comaA2inA2hypernatremia?

A)A2highA2sodiumA2inA2theA2bloodA2vesselsA2pullsA2waterA2outA2ofA2theA2brainA2cellsA2intoA2t
heA2bloodA2vessels,A2causingA2brainA2cellsA2toA2shrink