ATI PN Pediatrics Proctored Exam | Complete
Study Guide with Actual Exam Questions, Verified
Answers and Detailed Rationales | Latest Update
2026/2027 Edition
Question 1
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a 2-year-old child who was found by
his parents crying and holding a container of toilet bowl cleaner. The child's lips are
edematous and inflamed, and he is drooling. Which of the following is the priority action
by the nurse?
A. Remove the child's contaminated clothing.
B. Check the child's respiratory status.
C. Administer an antidote to the child.
D. Establish IV access for the child.
Answer: B
Rationale: When applying the ABC priority setting framework, airway is always the
highest priority because the airway must be clear and open for oxygen exchange to occur.
Breathing is the second highest priority in the ABC priority setting framework because
adequate ventilatory effort is essential for oxygen exchange.
Question 2
A nurse is teaching a parent of a 12-month-old child about development during the
toddler years. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
A. "Your child should be referring to himself using the appropriate pronoun by 18
months of age."
B. "A toddler's interest in looking at pictures occurs at 20 months of age."
C. "A toddler should have daytime control of his bowel and bladder by 24 months of
age."
D. "Your child should be able to scribble spontaneously using a crayon at the age of 15
months."
Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should teach the parent that at the age of 15 months, the toddler
should be able to scribble spontaneously, and at the age of 18 months, the toddler should
be able to make strokes imitatively.
pg. 1
,Question 3
A nurse is caring for a toddler and is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride 100
mL IV to infuse over 4 hours. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The
nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer
to the nearest whole number)
A. 20 gtt/min
B. 25 gtt/min
C. 30 gtt/min
D. 35 gtt/min
Answer: B
Rationale: 100 mL / 4 hr × 60 gtt/mL × 1 hr / 60 min = = 25 gtt/min.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for an 18-year-old adolescent who is up to date on immunizations and is
planning to attend college. The nurse should inform the client that he should receive
which of the following immunizations prior to moving into a campus dormitory?
A. Pneumococcal polysaccharide
B. Meningococcal polysaccharide
C. Rotavirus
D. Herpes zoster
Answer: B
Rationale: The meningococcal polysaccharide immunization is used to prevent infection
by certain groups of meningococcal bacteria. College freshmen, particularly those who
live in dormitories, are at an increased risk for meningococcal disease. The CDC
recommends that all incoming college students receive the meningococcal immunization.
Question 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about food allergens. Which of the following
foods should the nurse include as being the most common food allergy in children?
A. Cow's milk
B. Wheat bread
C. Corn syrup
D. Eggs
Answer: A
Rationale: According to evidence-based practice, the nurse should instruct the parent
that cow's milk is the most common food allergy in children. Some children are sensitive
to the protein called casein found in cow's milk and have difficulty metabolizing it.
Question 6
A nurse is teaching the parent of a toddler about home safety. Which of the following
pg. 2
,statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I lock my medications in the medicine cabinet."
B. "I keep my child's crib mattress at the highest level."
C. "I turn pot handles to the side of my stove while cooking."
D. "I will give my child syrup of ipecac if she swallows something poisonous."
Answer: A
Rationale: Locking up medications and other potential poisons prevents access. Toddlers
have improved gross and fine motor skills that allow for further exploration of the
environment and possible access to hazardous substances.
Question 7
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a 6-month-old infant. Which of the
following reflexes should the nurse expect to find?
A. Stepping
B. Babinski
C. Extrusion
D. Moro
Answer: B
Rationale: The Babinski reflex, elicited by stroking the bottom of the foot and causing
the toes to fan and the big toe to dorsiflex, should be present until the age of 1 year.
Persistence of neonatal reflexes might indicate neurological deficits.
Question 8
A nurse is preparing to administer recommended immunizations to a 2-month-old infant.
Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer?
A. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis A
B. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis
(Tdap)
C. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) and inactivated polio virus (IPV)
D. Varicella (VAR) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)
Answer: C
Rationale: The recommended immunizations for a 2-month-old infant include Hib and
IPV. The Hib series consists of 3 to 4 doses administered at 2 months, 4 months, and 12
to 15 months. The IPV series consists of 4 doses administered at 2 months, 4 months, 6 to
18 months, and 4 to 6 years.
Question 9
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a school-age child who underwent a surgical
procedure that resulted in temporary loss of vision. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse include in the plan of care?
pg. 3
, A. Assign an assistive personnel to feed the child.
B. Explain sounds the child is hearing.
C. Have the child use a cane when ambulating.
D. Rotate nurses caring for the child.
Answer: B
Rationale: The noises in a facility can be frightening to a child who is experiencing a
sensory loss. It is important to explain these noises to allay the child's fears.
Question 10
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child who is 1 day postoperative following a
tonsillectomy. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to determine if the
child is experiencing pain?
A. Ask the parents.
B. Use the FACES scale.
C. Use the numeric rating scale.
D. Check the child's temperature.
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain is a subjective experience even for a 3-year-old child. The FACES scale
can be used to accurately determine the presence of pain in children as young as 3 years
of age.
Question 11
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant at a well-child visit. Which of the following
findings indicates the need for further assessment?
A. Grabs feet and pulls them to her mouth.
B. Posterior fontanel is closed.
C. Legs remain crossed and extended when supine.
D. Birth weight has doubled.
Answer: C
Rationale: Legs crossed and extended when supine is an unexpected finding and requires
further assessment. At 6 months of age, the legs flex at the knees when the infant is
supine. Crossed and extended legs when supine is a finding associated with cerebral
palsy.
Question 12
A nurse is observing a mother who is playing peek-a-boo with her 8-month-old child.
The mother asks if this game has any developmental significance. The nurse should
inform the mother that peek-a-boo helps develop which of the following concepts in the
child?
A. Hand-eye coordination
pg. 4
Study Guide with Actual Exam Questions, Verified
Answers and Detailed Rationales | Latest Update
2026/2027 Edition
Question 1
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a 2-year-old child who was found by
his parents crying and holding a container of toilet bowl cleaner. The child's lips are
edematous and inflamed, and he is drooling. Which of the following is the priority action
by the nurse?
A. Remove the child's contaminated clothing.
B. Check the child's respiratory status.
C. Administer an antidote to the child.
D. Establish IV access for the child.
Answer: B
Rationale: When applying the ABC priority setting framework, airway is always the
highest priority because the airway must be clear and open for oxygen exchange to occur.
Breathing is the second highest priority in the ABC priority setting framework because
adequate ventilatory effort is essential for oxygen exchange.
Question 2
A nurse is teaching a parent of a 12-month-old child about development during the
toddler years. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
A. "Your child should be referring to himself using the appropriate pronoun by 18
months of age."
B. "A toddler's interest in looking at pictures occurs at 20 months of age."
C. "A toddler should have daytime control of his bowel and bladder by 24 months of
age."
D. "Your child should be able to scribble spontaneously using a crayon at the age of 15
months."
Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should teach the parent that at the age of 15 months, the toddler
should be able to scribble spontaneously, and at the age of 18 months, the toddler should
be able to make strokes imitatively.
pg. 1
,Question 3
A nurse is caring for a toddler and is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride 100
mL IV to infuse over 4 hours. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The
nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer
to the nearest whole number)
A. 20 gtt/min
B. 25 gtt/min
C. 30 gtt/min
D. 35 gtt/min
Answer: B
Rationale: 100 mL / 4 hr × 60 gtt/mL × 1 hr / 60 min = = 25 gtt/min.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for an 18-year-old adolescent who is up to date on immunizations and is
planning to attend college. The nurse should inform the client that he should receive
which of the following immunizations prior to moving into a campus dormitory?
A. Pneumococcal polysaccharide
B. Meningococcal polysaccharide
C. Rotavirus
D. Herpes zoster
Answer: B
Rationale: The meningococcal polysaccharide immunization is used to prevent infection
by certain groups of meningococcal bacteria. College freshmen, particularly those who
live in dormitories, are at an increased risk for meningococcal disease. The CDC
recommends that all incoming college students receive the meningococcal immunization.
Question 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about food allergens. Which of the following
foods should the nurse include as being the most common food allergy in children?
A. Cow's milk
B. Wheat bread
C. Corn syrup
D. Eggs
Answer: A
Rationale: According to evidence-based practice, the nurse should instruct the parent
that cow's milk is the most common food allergy in children. Some children are sensitive
to the protein called casein found in cow's milk and have difficulty metabolizing it.
Question 6
A nurse is teaching the parent of a toddler about home safety. Which of the following
pg. 2
,statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I lock my medications in the medicine cabinet."
B. "I keep my child's crib mattress at the highest level."
C. "I turn pot handles to the side of my stove while cooking."
D. "I will give my child syrup of ipecac if she swallows something poisonous."
Answer: A
Rationale: Locking up medications and other potential poisons prevents access. Toddlers
have improved gross and fine motor skills that allow for further exploration of the
environment and possible access to hazardous substances.
Question 7
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a 6-month-old infant. Which of the
following reflexes should the nurse expect to find?
A. Stepping
B. Babinski
C. Extrusion
D. Moro
Answer: B
Rationale: The Babinski reflex, elicited by stroking the bottom of the foot and causing
the toes to fan and the big toe to dorsiflex, should be present until the age of 1 year.
Persistence of neonatal reflexes might indicate neurological deficits.
Question 8
A nurse is preparing to administer recommended immunizations to a 2-month-old infant.
Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer?
A. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis A
B. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis
(Tdap)
C. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) and inactivated polio virus (IPV)
D. Varicella (VAR) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)
Answer: C
Rationale: The recommended immunizations for a 2-month-old infant include Hib and
IPV. The Hib series consists of 3 to 4 doses administered at 2 months, 4 months, and 12
to 15 months. The IPV series consists of 4 doses administered at 2 months, 4 months, 6 to
18 months, and 4 to 6 years.
Question 9
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a school-age child who underwent a surgical
procedure that resulted in temporary loss of vision. Which of the following interventions
should the nurse include in the plan of care?
pg. 3
, A. Assign an assistive personnel to feed the child.
B. Explain sounds the child is hearing.
C. Have the child use a cane when ambulating.
D. Rotate nurses caring for the child.
Answer: B
Rationale: The noises in a facility can be frightening to a child who is experiencing a
sensory loss. It is important to explain these noises to allay the child's fears.
Question 10
A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child who is 1 day postoperative following a
tonsillectomy. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to determine if the
child is experiencing pain?
A. Ask the parents.
B. Use the FACES scale.
C. Use the numeric rating scale.
D. Check the child's temperature.
Answer: B
Rationale: Pain is a subjective experience even for a 3-year-old child. The FACES scale
can be used to accurately determine the presence of pain in children as young as 3 years
of age.
Question 11
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant at a well-child visit. Which of the following
findings indicates the need for further assessment?
A. Grabs feet and pulls them to her mouth.
B. Posterior fontanel is closed.
C. Legs remain crossed and extended when supine.
D. Birth weight has doubled.
Answer: C
Rationale: Legs crossed and extended when supine is an unexpected finding and requires
further assessment. At 6 months of age, the legs flex at the knees when the infant is
supine. Crossed and extended legs when supine is a finding associated with cerebral
palsy.
Question 12
A nurse is observing a mother who is playing peek-a-boo with her 8-month-old child.
The mother asks if this game has any developmental significance. The nurse should
inform the mother that peek-a-boo helps develop which of the following concepts in the
child?
A. Hand-eye coordination
pg. 4
