Comprehensive Psychiatric and Mental Health Overview: Anxiety Disorders, Phobias, OCD, GAD, Panic Disorders, PTSD, Substance Use Disorders, Depression, Bipolar Disorders, Suicide Risk, Cognitive-Behavioral Techniques, Pharmacologic Interventions, SSRIs, S

Comprehensive Psychiatric and Mental Health Overview: Anxiety Disorders, Phobias, OCD, GAD, Panic Disorders, PTSD, Substance Use Disorders, Depression, Bipolar Disorders, Suicide Risk, Cognitive-Behavioral Techniques, Pharmacologic Interventions, SSRIs, SNRIs, Mood Stabilizers, Benzodiazepines, ECT, TMS, Withdrawal Syndromes, Neurovegetative Symptoms, Psychosocial Interventions, Suicide Prevention, Assessment Scales, Thiamine Deficiency, Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome Exam Questions Verified and Complete with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 Cognitive techniques for managing stress changing irrational thoughts to something more positive •Journal keeping & writing •Restructuring & setting priorities •Cognitive reframing •Humor •Assertiveness training Behavioral techniques for managing stress relaxation techniques such as: -prayer & meditation -guided imagery -breathing exercises -progressive muscle relaxation -physical exercise -Mindfulness meditation -Biofeedback Anxiety -body's reaction to a stressful situation, danger, apprehension, uncertainty. -A universal human experience & a normal part of life -can be from an unknown / unrecognized source -Most common of all psychiatric illnesses -18% of adult population have this Fear reaction to specific threat What to anxiety and fear have in common? physiological symptoms are similar (increased HR etc) normal anxiety Healthy life force necessary for survival Acute or state anxiety A crisis threatens sense of security (can't learn or do things to maintain your life as you normally would) chronic (trait) anxiety chronic fatigue or insomnia Peplau's 4 levels of anxiety 1. mild (everyday tension) 2. moderate (agitation, narrow focus/selective attention, can still problem solve, increased HR, GI upset) 3. severe (inability to function, unresponsive) 4. panic (dread, distorted perception, feel like you're going to die) panic disorders - DSM-5 criteria -Recurrent unexpected panic attacks -Usually no precipitant (cause) -Physical symptoms can mimic life-threatening cardiac condition (e.g. MI) -diagnosis not made until all med. problems are ruled out -Concern about future attacks -can have w/ or w/out agoraphobia With panic attacks, a person will usually have this agoraphobia (Avoidance may be associated w/ certain situations) phobias •persistent irrational fear of specific object, place, event, activity which leads to a desire to AVOID Obsessive Compulsive D/O -recurrent obsessions/ compulsions that cause anxiety (cannot be dismissed by the mind) -time consuming -marked distress -significant social and occupational impairment stress can make it worse obsessions thoughts compulsions repetitive behaviors Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) •Excessive anxiety/worry 6 months •Experiences physical sx's r/t anxiety •Distress or impairment (social, occupational) •Risk of med/substance abuse •Physical sx's: -sleep & energy alterations, poor concentration, restlessness, irritability, tension •Greater risk for ht. problems first line of treatment for anxiety and OCD SSRI's - Zoloft (sertraline) - Paxil (paroxetine) -Prozac (fluoxetine) - Luvox (fluvoxomine) Med to give if treatment resistant to OCD w/ SSRI? Anafranil (clomipramine) or a TCA like amitriptyline Anxiety med