BSC2086 EXAM 3 AND 4 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
median septum
divides scrotum into right and left compartments
- Contains perineal raphe
perineal raphe
medial seam on scrotum surface that marks location of median
septum; extends anteriorly along ventral side of penis and
posteriorly to anus
spermatic cord
- posterior to scrotum
- Bundle of fibrous connective tissue containing the ductus
deferens, blood and lymphatic vessels, and testicular nerve
- Continues through inguinal canal into pelvic cavity
-- Superficial inguinal ring - inferior entrance to inguinal canal
-- Deep inguinal ring - superior exit to pelvic cavity
cremaster
Within scrotum, strips of internal oblique muscle where
spermatic cord is enmeshed
- when cold, it contracts to hold testes closer to body; when
warm, relaxes and hold testes further from body
Mechanisms to regulate the temperature of the testes
,Human testers reside in the scrotum and are adapted to its cooler
environment. Cannot produce sperm at core body temperate of
37C; must be held at about 35C
- The CREMASTER - when cold, it contracts to hold testes
closer to body; when warm, relaxes and hold testes further from
body
- DARTOS FASCIA - smooth muscle contracts when cold,
wrinkling the scrotum and holding testes against warm body;
this reduces surface area of the scrotum and heat loss
- The PAMPINIFORM PLEXUS - this venous plexus surrounds
testicular artery; countercurrent flood flow removes heat from
descending arterial blood, to be carried away by ascending
venous blood
pampiniform plexus
this venous plexus surrounds testicular artery; countercurrent
flood flow removes heat from descending arterial blood, to be
carried away by ascending venous blood
the testes
combines endocrine and exocrine glands that produce sex
hormones and sperm
Structure of the testes
- Each testes is OVAL and slightly flattened, 4 cm long x 2.5 cm
in diameter; covered anteriorly and laterally by tunica vaginalis
- Covered by tunica albuginea - white fibrous capsule
- Septa from the capsule divide testis into 250 to 300 lobules,
, each with 1-3 seminiferous tubules where sperm are produced
- Between seminiferous tubules are interstitial endocrine cells;
produce testosterone
tunica albuginea
white, fibrous capsule that gives fibers that divide into lobes
Seminiferous tubules
1-3 in each lobe; where sperm is produced
interstitial endocrine cells
produce testosterone
tunica vaginales
covers entire testes
spermatic ducts
After leaving testis, sperm travels through here here to reach
urethra
Includes:
1) Efferent ductules
2) Duct of the epididymis
3) Ductus deferens (vas deferens)
4) Ejaculatory duct
5) Urethra
efferent ductules
about 12 small ciliated ducts collecting sperm from rate testes
and transporting to epididymis
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
median septum
divides scrotum into right and left compartments
- Contains perineal raphe
perineal raphe
medial seam on scrotum surface that marks location of median
septum; extends anteriorly along ventral side of penis and
posteriorly to anus
spermatic cord
- posterior to scrotum
- Bundle of fibrous connective tissue containing the ductus
deferens, blood and lymphatic vessels, and testicular nerve
- Continues through inguinal canal into pelvic cavity
-- Superficial inguinal ring - inferior entrance to inguinal canal
-- Deep inguinal ring - superior exit to pelvic cavity
cremaster
Within scrotum, strips of internal oblique muscle where
spermatic cord is enmeshed
- when cold, it contracts to hold testes closer to body; when
warm, relaxes and hold testes further from body
Mechanisms to regulate the temperature of the testes
,Human testers reside in the scrotum and are adapted to its cooler
environment. Cannot produce sperm at core body temperate of
37C; must be held at about 35C
- The CREMASTER - when cold, it contracts to hold testes
closer to body; when warm, relaxes and hold testes further from
body
- DARTOS FASCIA - smooth muscle contracts when cold,
wrinkling the scrotum and holding testes against warm body;
this reduces surface area of the scrotum and heat loss
- The PAMPINIFORM PLEXUS - this venous plexus surrounds
testicular artery; countercurrent flood flow removes heat from
descending arterial blood, to be carried away by ascending
venous blood
pampiniform plexus
this venous plexus surrounds testicular artery; countercurrent
flood flow removes heat from descending arterial blood, to be
carried away by ascending venous blood
the testes
combines endocrine and exocrine glands that produce sex
hormones and sperm
Structure of the testes
- Each testes is OVAL and slightly flattened, 4 cm long x 2.5 cm
in diameter; covered anteriorly and laterally by tunica vaginalis
- Covered by tunica albuginea - white fibrous capsule
- Septa from the capsule divide testis into 250 to 300 lobules,
, each with 1-3 seminiferous tubules where sperm are produced
- Between seminiferous tubules are interstitial endocrine cells;
produce testosterone
tunica albuginea
white, fibrous capsule that gives fibers that divide into lobes
Seminiferous tubules
1-3 in each lobe; where sperm is produced
interstitial endocrine cells
produce testosterone
tunica vaginales
covers entire testes
spermatic ducts
After leaving testis, sperm travels through here here to reach
urethra
Includes:
1) Efferent ductules
2) Duct of the epididymis
3) Ductus deferens (vas deferens)
4) Ejaculatory duct
5) Urethra
efferent ductules
about 12 small ciliated ducts collecting sperm from rate testes
and transporting to epididymis
