TRANSFORMERS LEVEL II COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Which of the following methods may be used to improve the signal-
to-noise ratio of an eddy current test system?
a. Filtering or differentiation
b. Phase discrimination
c. Integration
d. All of the above. Answer: All of the above
◉ In order to decrease the effect on conductivity readings due to
variations in test part thickness:
a. The test frequency should be increased
b. The test frequency should be decreased
c. The fill factor should be decreased
d. There is no practical method for decreasing this effect. Answer: The
test frequency should be increased
◉ When testing by the eddy current method, discontinuities will be most
easily detected when the eddy currents are:
,a. Coplanar with the major plane of the discontinuity
b. Perpendicular to the major plane of the discontinuity
c. Parallel to the major plane of the discontinuity
d. 90 degrees out of phase with the current in the coil. Answer:
Perpendicular to the major plane of the discontinuity
◉ A term used to describe the effect observed due to a change in the
electromagnetic coupling between a test specimen and a probe coil when
the distance of separation between them is varied is:
a. Fill factor
b. Edge effect
c. End effect
d. Lift off. Answer: Lift off
◉ A term used to define the phenomenon where, at very high
frequencies, the eddy current flow is restricted to an extremely thin outer
layer of the conductor is:
a. Skin effect
b. High frequency filtration
c. Low frequency filtration
d. Any one of the above. Answer: Skin effect
◉ The fill factor when a 1/2 inch diameter bar is inserted in a 1 inch
diameter coil is:
,a. 0.50 (50%)
b. 0.75 (75%)
c. 1.00 (100%)
d. 0.25 (25%). Answer: 0.25 (25%)
◉ The term used to define the difference between actual instrument
output and expected output as defined by a straight line calibration curve
is:
a. Phase shift
b. Nonlinearity
c. Lift off
d. Skin effect. Answer: Nonlinearity
◉ Which of the following could be used to suppress unwanted high
frequency harmonics?
a. Low pass filter
b. Oscillator
c. Phase discriminator
d. High pass filter. Answer: Low pass filter
◉ The impedance change of an eddy current test coil due to a change in
test part characteristics can be most easily analyzed as a combined
change in:
, a. Capacitive reactance and resistance
b. Harmonic frequencies and inductive reactance
c. Signal amplitude and phase
d. Retentivity and harmonic frequencies. Answer: Signal amplitude and
phase
◉ The inductive reactance of a test coil can be calculated using the
formula:
(Answer with A, B, C, or D)
a. XL = 2𝜋L
b. XL = 1/2𝜋L
c. XL = 2𝜋L
d. XL = 1R. Answer: C
◉ When conducting an eddy current test, variations in the test material
can be detected as variations in:
a. Test speed
b. Impedance of a pickup coil
c. None of the above
d. All of the above. Answer: Impedance of a pickup coil
◉ A term used to define two or more coils electrically connected in
opposition such that any electromagnetic condition which is not
EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ Which of the following methods may be used to improve the signal-
to-noise ratio of an eddy current test system?
a. Filtering or differentiation
b. Phase discrimination
c. Integration
d. All of the above. Answer: All of the above
◉ In order to decrease the effect on conductivity readings due to
variations in test part thickness:
a. The test frequency should be increased
b. The test frequency should be decreased
c. The fill factor should be decreased
d. There is no practical method for decreasing this effect. Answer: The
test frequency should be increased
◉ When testing by the eddy current method, discontinuities will be most
easily detected when the eddy currents are:
,a. Coplanar with the major plane of the discontinuity
b. Perpendicular to the major plane of the discontinuity
c. Parallel to the major plane of the discontinuity
d. 90 degrees out of phase with the current in the coil. Answer:
Perpendicular to the major plane of the discontinuity
◉ A term used to describe the effect observed due to a change in the
electromagnetic coupling between a test specimen and a probe coil when
the distance of separation between them is varied is:
a. Fill factor
b. Edge effect
c. End effect
d. Lift off. Answer: Lift off
◉ A term used to define the phenomenon where, at very high
frequencies, the eddy current flow is restricted to an extremely thin outer
layer of the conductor is:
a. Skin effect
b. High frequency filtration
c. Low frequency filtration
d. Any one of the above. Answer: Skin effect
◉ The fill factor when a 1/2 inch diameter bar is inserted in a 1 inch
diameter coil is:
,a. 0.50 (50%)
b. 0.75 (75%)
c. 1.00 (100%)
d. 0.25 (25%). Answer: 0.25 (25%)
◉ The term used to define the difference between actual instrument
output and expected output as defined by a straight line calibration curve
is:
a. Phase shift
b. Nonlinearity
c. Lift off
d. Skin effect. Answer: Nonlinearity
◉ Which of the following could be used to suppress unwanted high
frequency harmonics?
a. Low pass filter
b. Oscillator
c. Phase discriminator
d. High pass filter. Answer: Low pass filter
◉ The impedance change of an eddy current test coil due to a change in
test part characteristics can be most easily analyzed as a combined
change in:
, a. Capacitive reactance and resistance
b. Harmonic frequencies and inductive reactance
c. Signal amplitude and phase
d. Retentivity and harmonic frequencies. Answer: Signal amplitude and
phase
◉ The inductive reactance of a test coil can be calculated using the
formula:
(Answer with A, B, C, or D)
a. XL = 2𝜋L
b. XL = 1/2𝜋L
c. XL = 2𝜋L
d. XL = 1R. Answer: C
◉ When conducting an eddy current test, variations in the test material
can be detected as variations in:
a. Test speed
b. Impedance of a pickup coil
c. None of the above
d. All of the above. Answer: Impedance of a pickup coil
◉ A term used to define two or more coils electrically connected in
opposition such that any electromagnetic condition which is not
