Orbital Motion Keplers Laws | Expert Verified

Orbital Motion Keplers Laws | Expert Verified 1. Kepler's First Law - ANSWER The orbit of each planet (and other bodies in our solar system) around the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. 2. Kepler's Second Law - ANSWER In an orbit, a planet will travel faster as it approaches its closest point to the sun (perihelion) and slower as it travels farthest from the sun (aphelion) 3. Kepler's Third Law - ANSWER The larger the average orbital radius, the longer it takes a body to travel one complete orbit (orbital period) 4. Outer Gaseous Planets - ANSWER Larger planets that are located furthest from the Sun: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. 5. asteroid - ANSWER a small, rocky space object that orbits the Sun but do have tails like comets. Most are found in the "belt" between Mars and Jupiter. 6. Comet - ANSWER a small object in space made of ice, dust, and rock. When it gets close to the Sun, the heat causes its ice to melt and release gas and dust, forming a glowing head and often a long tail that points away from the Sun. 7. dwarf planet - ANSWER Large rock bodies in space that do not meet ALL criteria to be classified as a PLANET 8. Johannes Kepler - ANSWER mathematician and astronomer credited with creating three laws to explain planetary motion 9. revolution - ANSWER orital path around the sun 10. rotatation (of Earth) - ANSWER The Earth takes 24 hours to completely spin on its axis 11. circle - ANSWER A round shape where all points are the same distance from the center point. 12. ellipse - ANSWER In this orbital shape, the Sun is not in the center, but is located at one focus point on the minor axis. 13. orbital radius - ANSWER the average distance between the sun and an object that is orbiting the sun 14. orbital period - ANSWER The time for one revolution of a planet around the sun. Related to a year. 15. eccentricity - ANSWER Value between 0-1 used to explain orbital shape with zero being a circle and 1 being a flat line and a range of ellipses between. 16. Orbital Velocity - ANSWER the speed and direction of a an orbiting object in space 17. LIMITS of scientific models - ANSWER characteristics of a model that are missing or inaccurately depicted. 18. MERITS of scientific models - ANSWER characteristics of models that are accurately portrayed and help the audience to understand the information. 19. Gravity - ANSWER A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses. 20. Thrust - ANSWER the reaction force that propels a rocket forward/upward, increasing velocity 21. orbit - ANSWER The path of an object as it revolves around another object in space 22. Perihelion - ANSWER Point in orbit that is closest to the sun (shortest distance) where the planet moves fastest 23. Aphelion - ANSWER Point in orbit that is farthest from the sun (greatest distance) where the planet moves slower 24. Scientific Model - ANSWER a representation of an object or event that can be studied to understand the real object or event 25. Scientific Law - ANSWER a rule that describes a pattern in nature that happens all the time 26. Scaled Model - ANSWER A representation of a product that is either enlarged or made smaller with all parts maintaining accurate proportions to the real concept. 27. Inner Rocky Planets - ANSWER Planets with mostly rocky bodies and located closest to the sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars