NBME 27 Exam Questions and
Answers 100% PASS
The H. flu vaccine is made of what to provoke an adaptive immune response?—ANSWER-
conjugated capsular polysaccharide
What are (3) examples of capsular polysaccharide-based vaccines?—ANSWER-H flu type B
Neisseria meningitidis
Strep pneumo
What are (3) examples of toxoid-based vaccines?—ANSWER-Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Clostridium tetani
Bordetella pertussis
To access the renal arteries from the femoral artery approach, the catheter should be
advanced superiorly just beyond which structure?—ANSWER-testicular artery
(arise just inferior to the takeoff of the renal arteries)
What are the potential side effects of metformin?—ANSWER-n/v/d
lactic acidosis*
,rare, usually see if taking metformin and have reduced kidney function (metformin is renally
excreted)
What is the most common organism found on aspiration of a septic joint?—ANSWER-staph
aureus
___________ classically presents with systemic s/s such as fever, chills, myalgias, arthralgias,
and nausea, along with a painful, erythematous, swollen joint with limited ROM—ANSWER-
septic arthritis
What is responsible for much of the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)?—
ANSWER-cord factor
- glycolipid found as part of the cell wall
1. prevents fusion of the vesicles containing MTB with the lysosome, thereby preventing its
intracellular killing
2. directly cytotoxic to macrophages
3. organizes MTB into straight, closely grouped arrays (gives cord factor its name) (long
serpentine cords)
4. induces secretion of cytokines important in granuloma formation
What are (4) ways cord factor contributes to the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(MTB) ?—ANSWER-1. prevents fusion of vesicle containing MTB with the lysosome
(preventing intracellular killing)
© 2026 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. This document is
protected by copyright law, Copyrighted By Brittie Donald
, 2. directly cytotoxic to the macrophage
3. plays a role in the organization of MTB in various tissues - this ability to organize MTB in
straight, closely grouped array gives cord factor its name
4. induces secretion of cytokines for granuloma formation
_______________ is a condition present at birth and is characterized by a smaller lower jaw
(micrognathia), downward displacement of the tongue (glossoptosis), and cleft placement.
The downward displacement of the tongue can lead to airway obstruction, causing
respiratory distress
Defects such as these are consistent with altered development of what pharyngeal arch?—
ANSWER-Pierre Robin Sequence
Pharyngeal arch 1
(maxilla, mandible, masseter, pterygoids, and mylohyoid, along with CN V2 V3)
What are the defining characteristics of Pierre Robin Sequence?—ANSWER-micrognathia
(small lower jaw)
glossoptosis (downward displacement tongue)
cleft palate
Answers 100% PASS
The H. flu vaccine is made of what to provoke an adaptive immune response?—ANSWER-
conjugated capsular polysaccharide
What are (3) examples of capsular polysaccharide-based vaccines?—ANSWER-H flu type B
Neisseria meningitidis
Strep pneumo
What are (3) examples of toxoid-based vaccines?—ANSWER-Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Clostridium tetani
Bordetella pertussis
To access the renal arteries from the femoral artery approach, the catheter should be
advanced superiorly just beyond which structure?—ANSWER-testicular artery
(arise just inferior to the takeoff of the renal arteries)
What are the potential side effects of metformin?—ANSWER-n/v/d
lactic acidosis*
,rare, usually see if taking metformin and have reduced kidney function (metformin is renally
excreted)
What is the most common organism found on aspiration of a septic joint?—ANSWER-staph
aureus
___________ classically presents with systemic s/s such as fever, chills, myalgias, arthralgias,
and nausea, along with a painful, erythematous, swollen joint with limited ROM—ANSWER-
septic arthritis
What is responsible for much of the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)?—
ANSWER-cord factor
- glycolipid found as part of the cell wall
1. prevents fusion of the vesicles containing MTB with the lysosome, thereby preventing its
intracellular killing
2. directly cytotoxic to macrophages
3. organizes MTB into straight, closely grouped arrays (gives cord factor its name) (long
serpentine cords)
4. induces secretion of cytokines important in granuloma formation
What are (4) ways cord factor contributes to the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(MTB) ?—ANSWER-1. prevents fusion of vesicle containing MTB with the lysosome
(preventing intracellular killing)
© 2026 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. This document is
protected by copyright law, Copyrighted By Brittie Donald
, 2. directly cytotoxic to the macrophage
3. plays a role in the organization of MTB in various tissues - this ability to organize MTB in
straight, closely grouped array gives cord factor its name
4. induces secretion of cytokines for granuloma formation
_______________ is a condition present at birth and is characterized by a smaller lower jaw
(micrognathia), downward displacement of the tongue (glossoptosis), and cleft placement.
The downward displacement of the tongue can lead to airway obstruction, causing
respiratory distress
Defects such as these are consistent with altered development of what pharyngeal arch?—
ANSWER-Pierre Robin Sequence
Pharyngeal arch 1
(maxilla, mandible, masseter, pterygoids, and mylohyoid, along with CN V2 V3)
What are the defining characteristics of Pierre Robin Sequence?—ANSWER-micrognathia
(small lower jaw)
glossoptosis (downward displacement tongue)
cleft palate
