NURS 8024 Pharmacokinetics/
Pharmacodynamics Exam Questions
Complete With Verified Answers
\.Pharmacokinetics - ANSWERS✔-absorption, distribution, elimination
of drugs; "what the body does to the drug"
\.Pharmacodynamics - ANSWERS✔-actions of the chemical on the
organism; "what the drug does to the body"
\.Toxicology - ANSWERS✔-branch of pharmacology that deals with
undesirable effects of chemicals on living systems; all substances have
potential for toxicity
\.Pharmacogenomics - ANSWERS✔-genetic variations that cause
differences in drug response among individuals or populations
\.Pharmacologic agonist - ANSWERS✔-agent binds to and ACTIVATES
the receptor, which directly or indirectly causes an effect; can be full or
partial agonist
,\.Pharmacologic antagonist - ANSWERS✔-agent binds to a receptor,
competing with other molecules and preventing binding by other
molecules; INHIBITOR
\.Pro-drug - ANSWERS✔-inactive precursor chemical; must be absorbed
and distributed and converted to the active form of the drug by biologic
processes
\.Therapeutic window - ANSWERS✔-desired drug response without
toxicity; between mean effective concentration for desired response &
mean effective concentration for adverse response
\.MEC - ANSWERS✔-Mean effective concentration; drug response <
MEC: response will be subtherapeutic; drug level > MEC: toxicity
\.ADME - ANSWERS✔-Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination
(fundamental pathways of drugs)
\.Absorption - ANSWERS✔-entry of pharmacologic agent into plasma
\.Distribution - ANSWERS✔-agent leaves bloodstream and distributes
into interstitial and intracellular fluids (where ever the target is)
, \.Metabolism - ANSWERS✔-agent must be metabolized via liver, kidney,
or other tissue
\.Elimination - ANSWERS✔-agent metabolites must be eliminated from
body (urine, feces, bile); urine is most common route of excretion
\.Enteral drug administration - ANSWERS✔-Easily self-administered &
cheap
Drug absorption pathways complicated by first-pass metabolism (drug --
> stomach --> liver --> systemic circulation)
Influenced by food and other drugs
\.Parenteral drug administration - ANSWERS✔-IV, IM, SQ
More control over actual dose of drug
Goes directly into systemic circulation (bypasses first-pass effect & harsh
GI environment)
Some drugs are poorly absorbed through GI
Rapid onset of action
"Can't take it back", infection risk
Pharmacodynamics Exam Questions
Complete With Verified Answers
\.Pharmacokinetics - ANSWERS✔-absorption, distribution, elimination
of drugs; "what the body does to the drug"
\.Pharmacodynamics - ANSWERS✔-actions of the chemical on the
organism; "what the drug does to the body"
\.Toxicology - ANSWERS✔-branch of pharmacology that deals with
undesirable effects of chemicals on living systems; all substances have
potential for toxicity
\.Pharmacogenomics - ANSWERS✔-genetic variations that cause
differences in drug response among individuals or populations
\.Pharmacologic agonist - ANSWERS✔-agent binds to and ACTIVATES
the receptor, which directly or indirectly causes an effect; can be full or
partial agonist
,\.Pharmacologic antagonist - ANSWERS✔-agent binds to a receptor,
competing with other molecules and preventing binding by other
molecules; INHIBITOR
\.Pro-drug - ANSWERS✔-inactive precursor chemical; must be absorbed
and distributed and converted to the active form of the drug by biologic
processes
\.Therapeutic window - ANSWERS✔-desired drug response without
toxicity; between mean effective concentration for desired response &
mean effective concentration for adverse response
\.MEC - ANSWERS✔-Mean effective concentration; drug response <
MEC: response will be subtherapeutic; drug level > MEC: toxicity
\.ADME - ANSWERS✔-Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination
(fundamental pathways of drugs)
\.Absorption - ANSWERS✔-entry of pharmacologic agent into plasma
\.Distribution - ANSWERS✔-agent leaves bloodstream and distributes
into interstitial and intracellular fluids (where ever the target is)
, \.Metabolism - ANSWERS✔-agent must be metabolized via liver, kidney,
or other tissue
\.Elimination - ANSWERS✔-agent metabolites must be eliminated from
body (urine, feces, bile); urine is most common route of excretion
\.Enteral drug administration - ANSWERS✔-Easily self-administered &
cheap
Drug absorption pathways complicated by first-pass metabolism (drug --
> stomach --> liver --> systemic circulation)
Influenced by food and other drugs
\.Parenteral drug administration - ANSWERS✔-IV, IM, SQ
More control over actual dose of drug
Goes directly into systemic circulation (bypasses first-pass effect & harsh
GI environment)
Some drugs are poorly absorbed through GI
Rapid onset of action
"Can't take it back", infection risk
