,
, 7
TH EDITION
Nurse
Anesthesia
SASS ELISHA, EdD, CRNA, FAANA, FAAN
Assistant Director, School of Anesthesia
Kaiser Permanente/California State University Fullerton
Southern California Permanente Medical Group
Pasadena, California
JEREMY S. HEINER, EdD, CRNA
Academic and Clinical Educator
Kaiser Permanente/California State University Fullerton
Southern California Permanente Medical Group
Pasadena, California
JOHN J. NAGELHOUT, PhD, CRNA, FAAN
Director Emeritus, School of Anesthesia
Kaiser Permanente/California State University Fullerton
Southern California Permanente Medical Group
Pasadena, California
, Elsevier
3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
NURSE ANESTHESIA, SEVENTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-71194-4
Copyright © 2023 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the
Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance
Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher
(other than as may be noted herein).
Notice
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating
and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid
advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages
should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors
or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability,
negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas
contained in the material herein.
Previous editions copyrighted 2018, 2014, 2010, 2005, 2001, and 1997.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2021939972
Executive Content Strategist: Sonya Seigafuse
Senior Content Development Manager: Lisa Newton
Content Development Specialist: Sara Hardin/Laura Selkirk
Publishing Services Manager: Shereen Jameel
Senior Project Manager: Manikandan Chandrasekaran
Cover Design and Design Direction: Brian Salisbury
Printed in India
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
, 7
TH EDITION
Nurse
Anesthesia
SASS ELISHA, EdD, CRNA, FAANA, FAAN
Assistant Director, School of Anesthesia
Kaiser Permanente/California State University Fullerton
Southern California Permanente Medical Group
Pasadena, California
JEREMY S. HEINER, EdD, CRNA
Academic and Clinical Educator
Kaiser Permanente/California State University Fullerton
Southern California Permanente Medical Group
Pasadena, California
JOHN J. NAGELHOUT, PhD, CRNA, FAAN
Director Emeritus, School of Anesthesia
Kaiser Permanente/California State University Fullerton
Southern California Permanente Medical Group
Pasadena, California
, Elsevier
3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
NURSE ANESTHESIA, SEVENTH EDITION ISBN: 978-0-323-71194-4
Copyright © 2023 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the
Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance
Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher
(other than as may be noted herein).
Notice
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating
and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid
advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages
should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors, editors
or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability,
negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas
contained in the material herein.
Previous editions copyrighted 2018, 2014, 2010, 2005, 2001, and 1997.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2021939972
Executive Content Strategist: Sonya Seigafuse
Senior Content Development Manager: Lisa Newton
Content Development Specialist: Sara Hardin/Laura Selkirk
Publishing Services Manager: Shereen Jameel
Senior Project Manager: Manikandan Chandrasekaran
Cover Design and Design Direction: Brian Salisbury
Printed in India
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
