1-1
,TABLEOF CONTENTS h h h
CHAPTER ONE h
Financial Statements and Business Decisions
h h h h
CHAPTER TWO h
Investing and Financing Decisions and the Accounting System
h h h h h h h
CHAPTER THREE h
Operating Decisions and the Accounting System
h h h h h
CHAPTER FOUR h
Adjustments, Financial Statements, and the Closing Process
h h h h h h
CHAPTER FIVE h
Reporting and Interpreting Sales Revenue, Receivables, and Cash
h h h h h h h
CHAPTER SIX h
Reporting and Interpreting Cost of Sales and Inventory
h h h h h h h
CHAPTER SEVEN h
Reporting and Interpreting Long-Lived Assets
h h h h
CHAPTER EIGHT h
Reporting and Interpreting Current Liabilities
h h h h
CHAPTER NINE h
Reporting and Interpreting Non-current Liabilities
h h h h
CHAPTER TEN h
Reporting and Interpreting Shareholders' Equity
h h h h
CHAPTER ELEVEN h
Statement of Cash Flows
h h h
CHAPTER TWELVE h
Communicating Accounting Information and Analyzing Financial Statements
h h h h h h
CHAPTER THIRTEEN h
Reporting and Interpreting Investments in Other Corporations
h h h h h h
1-2
,CHAPTER ONE h
Financial Statements and Business Decisions h h h h
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS h h
1. Accounting is a system that collects and processes (analyzes, measures, and records)
h h h h h h h h h h h
financial information about an organization and reports that information todecision
h h h h h h h h h h
makers.
h
2. Financial accounting involves preparation of the four basic financial statements andrelated
h h h h h h h h h h
disclosures for external decision makers. Managerial accounting involves the preparation of
h h h h h h h h h h h
detailed plans, budgets, forecasts, and performance reports for internal decision makers.
h h h h h h h h h h h
3. Financial reports are used by both internal and external groups and individuals. Theinternal
h h h h h h h h h h h h
groups are comprised of the various managers of the entity. The external groups include the
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
owners, investors, creditors, governmental agencies, other interested parties, and the public at
h h h h h h h h h h h h
large.
h
4. Investors purchase all or part of a business and hope to gain by receiving part of what the
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
company earns and/or selling the company in the future at a higher price than they paid.
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
Creditors lend money to a company for a specific length of time andhope to gain by charging
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
interest on the loan.
h h h h
5. In a society each organization can be defined as a separate accounting entity. An accounting
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
entity is the organization for which financial data are to be collected. Typical accounting
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
entities are a business, a church, a governmental unit, a university and other nonprofit
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
organizations such as a hospital and a welfare organization. A business typically is defined and
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
treated as a separate entity because the owners, creditors, investors, and other interested parties
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
need to evaluate its performance and its potential separately from other entities and from
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
itsowners.
h
6. Name of Statement h h Alternative Title h
(a) Income Statement h (a) Statement of Earnings; Statement of
h h h h h
1-3
, Income; Statement of Operations
h h h
(b) Balance Sheet
h (b) Statement of Financial Position
h h h h
(c) Audit Report
h (c) Report of Independent Accountants
h h h h
1-4
,TABLEOF CONTENTS h h h
CHAPTER ONE h
Financial Statements and Business Decisions
h h h h
CHAPTER TWO h
Investing and Financing Decisions and the Accounting System
h h h h h h h
CHAPTER THREE h
Operating Decisions and the Accounting System
h h h h h
CHAPTER FOUR h
Adjustments, Financial Statements, and the Closing Process
h h h h h h
CHAPTER FIVE h
Reporting and Interpreting Sales Revenue, Receivables, and Cash
h h h h h h h
CHAPTER SIX h
Reporting and Interpreting Cost of Sales and Inventory
h h h h h h h
CHAPTER SEVEN h
Reporting and Interpreting Long-Lived Assets
h h h h
CHAPTER EIGHT h
Reporting and Interpreting Current Liabilities
h h h h
CHAPTER NINE h
Reporting and Interpreting Non-current Liabilities
h h h h
CHAPTER TEN h
Reporting and Interpreting Shareholders' Equity
h h h h
CHAPTER ELEVEN h
Statement of Cash Flows
h h h
CHAPTER TWELVE h
Communicating Accounting Information and Analyzing Financial Statements
h h h h h h
CHAPTER THIRTEEN h
Reporting and Interpreting Investments in Other Corporations
h h h h h h
1-2
,CHAPTER ONE h
Financial Statements and Business Decisions h h h h
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS h h
1. Accounting is a system that collects and processes (analyzes, measures, and records)
h h h h h h h h h h h
financial information about an organization and reports that information todecision
h h h h h h h h h h
makers.
h
2. Financial accounting involves preparation of the four basic financial statements andrelated
h h h h h h h h h h
disclosures for external decision makers. Managerial accounting involves the preparation of
h h h h h h h h h h h
detailed plans, budgets, forecasts, and performance reports for internal decision makers.
h h h h h h h h h h h
3. Financial reports are used by both internal and external groups and individuals. Theinternal
h h h h h h h h h h h h
groups are comprised of the various managers of the entity. The external groups include the
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
owners, investors, creditors, governmental agencies, other interested parties, and the public at
h h h h h h h h h h h h
large.
h
4. Investors purchase all or part of a business and hope to gain by receiving part of what the
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
company earns and/or selling the company in the future at a higher price than they paid.
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
Creditors lend money to a company for a specific length of time andhope to gain by charging
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
interest on the loan.
h h h h
5. In a society each organization can be defined as a separate accounting entity. An accounting
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
entity is the organization for which financial data are to be collected. Typical accounting
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
entities are a business, a church, a governmental unit, a university and other nonprofit
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
organizations such as a hospital and a welfare organization. A business typically is defined and
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
treated as a separate entity because the owners, creditors, investors, and other interested parties
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
need to evaluate its performance and its potential separately from other entities and from
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
itsowners.
h
6. Name of Statement h h Alternative Title h
(a) Income Statement h (a) Statement of Earnings; Statement of
h h h h h
1-3
, Income; Statement of Operations
h h h
(b) Balance Sheet
h (b) Statement of Financial Position
h h h h
(c) Audit Report
h (c) Report of Independent Accountants
h h h h
1-4