NSG 3100 Fundamentals Exam 4 FINAL EXAM 2026
EDITION|100% PASS ASSURANCE|GRADED A+
A patient with hyponatremia is placed on fluid restriction. Which assessment
confirms improvement?
A. Muscle cramping
B. Serum sodium rising to 137 mEq/L
C. Hypoactive bowel sounds
D. Decreased urine specific gravity - answer-: B. Serum sodium rising to 137
mEq/L
A patient receiving loop diuretics reports weakness and anorexia. Which
electrolyte imbalance is suspected?
A. Hypermagnesemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypernatremia - answer-: C. Hypokalemia
Which food should the nurse recommend for a patient recovering from
hypokalemia?
A. Apples
B. Lettuce
,C. Bananas
D. White rice - answer-: C. Bananas
A patient with hypernatremia reports intense thirst. Which IV fluid is appropriate?
A. 3% NS
B. D5LR
C. 0.45% NS
D. D10W - answer-: C. 0.45% NS
A patient with hypocalcemia is at highest risk for which complication?
A. Constipation
B. Tetany
C. Pathologic fractures
D. Stupor - answer-: B. Tetany
The nurse assesses a patient with hypomagnesemia. Which finding is expected?
A. Decreased DTRs
B. Hyperactive DTRs
C. Respiratory depression
D. Bradycardia - answer-: B. Hyperactive DTRs
Which is a priority intervention for a patient with K+ = 6.1 mEq/L?
A. Administer IV potassium
B. Place on a cardiac monitor
,C. Restrict fluids
D. Give calcium carbonate - answer-: B. Place on a cardiac monitor
A patient with hypochloremia is vomiting frequently. What acid-base imbalance is
expected?
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis - answer-: C. Metabolic alkalosis
Which finding suggests a patient is developing hypercalcemia?
A. Muscle spasms
B. Hyperreflexia
C. Constipation
D. Tingling of extremities - answer-: C. Constipation
A patient with hypophosphatemia is MOST at risk for:
A. Hypertension
B. Muscle weakness
C. Seizures
D. Edema - answer-: B. Muscle weakness
A patient with hyperchloridemia is receiving 0.9% NS at 150 mL/hr. What should
the nurse do first?
A. Increase the rate
, B. Continue the infusion
C. Stop or reduce the NS infusion
D. Administer oral salt tablets - answer-: C. Stop or reduce the NS infusion
Which magnesium-rich food should the nurse suggest?
A. White bread
B. Cashews
C. Iceberg lettuce
D. Chicken breast - answer-: B. Cashews
A patient with sodium 150 mEq/L has dry mucous membranes. The nurse should
anticipate administering:
A. Hypertonic saline
B. Isotonic saline
C. Hypotonic saline
D. NS with potassium - answer-: C. Hypotonic saline
The nurse would expect Chvostek's sign in which imbalance?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hypermagnesemia
D. Hyperkalemia - answer-: B. Hypocalcemia
Which finding indicates improvement in hyperphosphatemia after treatment?
A. Increased tetany
EDITION|100% PASS ASSURANCE|GRADED A+
A patient with hyponatremia is placed on fluid restriction. Which assessment
confirms improvement?
A. Muscle cramping
B. Serum sodium rising to 137 mEq/L
C. Hypoactive bowel sounds
D. Decreased urine specific gravity - answer-: B. Serum sodium rising to 137
mEq/L
A patient receiving loop diuretics reports weakness and anorexia. Which
electrolyte imbalance is suspected?
A. Hypermagnesemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypernatremia - answer-: C. Hypokalemia
Which food should the nurse recommend for a patient recovering from
hypokalemia?
A. Apples
B. Lettuce
,C. Bananas
D. White rice - answer-: C. Bananas
A patient with hypernatremia reports intense thirst. Which IV fluid is appropriate?
A. 3% NS
B. D5LR
C. 0.45% NS
D. D10W - answer-: C. 0.45% NS
A patient with hypocalcemia is at highest risk for which complication?
A. Constipation
B. Tetany
C. Pathologic fractures
D. Stupor - answer-: B. Tetany
The nurse assesses a patient with hypomagnesemia. Which finding is expected?
A. Decreased DTRs
B. Hyperactive DTRs
C. Respiratory depression
D. Bradycardia - answer-: B. Hyperactive DTRs
Which is a priority intervention for a patient with K+ = 6.1 mEq/L?
A. Administer IV potassium
B. Place on a cardiac monitor
,C. Restrict fluids
D. Give calcium carbonate - answer-: B. Place on a cardiac monitor
A patient with hypochloremia is vomiting frequently. What acid-base imbalance is
expected?
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Metabolic alkalosis
D. Respiratory alkalosis - answer-: C. Metabolic alkalosis
Which finding suggests a patient is developing hypercalcemia?
A. Muscle spasms
B. Hyperreflexia
C. Constipation
D. Tingling of extremities - answer-: C. Constipation
A patient with hypophosphatemia is MOST at risk for:
A. Hypertension
B. Muscle weakness
C. Seizures
D. Edema - answer-: B. Muscle weakness
A patient with hyperchloridemia is receiving 0.9% NS at 150 mL/hr. What should
the nurse do first?
A. Increase the rate
, B. Continue the infusion
C. Stop or reduce the NS infusion
D. Administer oral salt tablets - answer-: C. Stop or reduce the NS infusion
Which magnesium-rich food should the nurse suggest?
A. White bread
B. Cashews
C. Iceberg lettuce
D. Chicken breast - answer-: B. Cashews
A patient with sodium 150 mEq/L has dry mucous membranes. The nurse should
anticipate administering:
A. Hypertonic saline
B. Isotonic saline
C. Hypotonic saline
D. NS with potassium - answer-: C. Hypotonic saline
The nurse would expect Chvostek's sign in which imbalance?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypocalcemia
C. Hypermagnesemia
D. Hyperkalemia - answer-: B. Hypocalcemia
Which finding indicates improvement in hyperphosphatemia after treatment?
A. Increased tetany
