KNH 188 EXAM 3 || 100% Correct Answers.
Insulin correct answers Pancreatic hormone that is released to counter an increase in blood
glucose
Types of diabetes correct answers - type 1
- type 2
- gestational diabetes mellitus
- prediabetes
type 1 diabetes is also called correct answers juvenile diabetes
Type 1 diabetes represents how many cases of diabetes correct answers 5-10%
Two types of type 1 diabetes correct answers - immune mediated (beta cells destroyed by
autoimmune process)
- idiopathic (cause of beta cell function loss unknown)
Type 1 diabetes occurs due to ________ 1st. correct answers loss of B-cell function
Type 2 diabetes occurs due to the onset of __________ 1st. correct answers insulin resistance
Causes of immune-mediated type 1 diabetes correct answers - genetic predisposition
- autoimmune reaction may be triggered by viral infection, toxins
- destroys B-cells in pancreas that produce insulin
Causes of idiopathic (cause unknown) correct answers - strongly inherited
- African or asian ancestors
Type 1 Diabetes explained correct answers 1. stomach changes food to glucose
2. glucose enters blood
3. pancreas makes little or no insulin
4. little or no insulin goes into the bloodstream
5. glucose builds up in blood
In a cell, insulin must bind with receptors before glucose can enter, so glucose won't enter the
cell
Type 1 diabetes symptoms correct answers - hyperglycemia
- excessive thirst (polydipsia)
- frequent urination (polyuria)
- significant (sudden) weight loss
- electrolyte disturbance
- ketoacidosis
What is ketoacidosis? correct answers excess ketones in the blood
, - pretty sure it leads to electrolyte disorders
What percentage of people with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese and physically inactive?
correct answers 90%
What are type 2 diabetes, obesity, and physical inactivity symptoms of? correct answers
cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome
What precent of diabetic people have type 2? correct answers 90-95%
What is type 2 diabetes mellitus? correct answers combination of insulin resistance and beta cell
failure (insulin deficiency)
- progressive
- ketoacidosis rare, usually arises in illness
Type 2 diabetes correct answers - characterized by chronic hyperglycemia
- associated with microvascular and macrovascular complication
- generally arises from a combination of insulin resistance and B-cell dysfunction
Type 2 diabetes explained correct answers 1. the stomach changes food to glucose
2. glucose enters blood
3. pancreas makes insulin
4. insulin enter blood
5. glucose can't get into the cells of the body. Glucose builds up in blood vessels
insulin receptors are resistant to insulins reaction
Type 2 diabetes symptoms correct answers - insidious onset (slow burn)
- often goes undiagnosed for years
- hyperglycemia
- excessive thirst (polydipsia)
- frequent urination (polyuria)
- polyphagia
- weight loss
As type 2 diabetes progresses, what eventually happens to the B-cells in the pancreas? correct
answers loss and death due to stress
Type 2 diabetes risk factors correct answers -Family history
- older age
- *obesity, particularly in intra-abdominal obesity (visceral)
- *physical inactivity
- prior history of gestational diabetes
- prediabetes diagnosis (impaired glucose homeostasis)
- race or ethnicity
Insulin correct answers Pancreatic hormone that is released to counter an increase in blood
glucose
Types of diabetes correct answers - type 1
- type 2
- gestational diabetes mellitus
- prediabetes
type 1 diabetes is also called correct answers juvenile diabetes
Type 1 diabetes represents how many cases of diabetes correct answers 5-10%
Two types of type 1 diabetes correct answers - immune mediated (beta cells destroyed by
autoimmune process)
- idiopathic (cause of beta cell function loss unknown)
Type 1 diabetes occurs due to ________ 1st. correct answers loss of B-cell function
Type 2 diabetes occurs due to the onset of __________ 1st. correct answers insulin resistance
Causes of immune-mediated type 1 diabetes correct answers - genetic predisposition
- autoimmune reaction may be triggered by viral infection, toxins
- destroys B-cells in pancreas that produce insulin
Causes of idiopathic (cause unknown) correct answers - strongly inherited
- African or asian ancestors
Type 1 Diabetes explained correct answers 1. stomach changes food to glucose
2. glucose enters blood
3. pancreas makes little or no insulin
4. little or no insulin goes into the bloodstream
5. glucose builds up in blood
In a cell, insulin must bind with receptors before glucose can enter, so glucose won't enter the
cell
Type 1 diabetes symptoms correct answers - hyperglycemia
- excessive thirst (polydipsia)
- frequent urination (polyuria)
- significant (sudden) weight loss
- electrolyte disturbance
- ketoacidosis
What is ketoacidosis? correct answers excess ketones in the blood
, - pretty sure it leads to electrolyte disorders
What percentage of people with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese and physically inactive?
correct answers 90%
What are type 2 diabetes, obesity, and physical inactivity symptoms of? correct answers
cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome
What precent of diabetic people have type 2? correct answers 90-95%
What is type 2 diabetes mellitus? correct answers combination of insulin resistance and beta cell
failure (insulin deficiency)
- progressive
- ketoacidosis rare, usually arises in illness
Type 2 diabetes correct answers - characterized by chronic hyperglycemia
- associated with microvascular and macrovascular complication
- generally arises from a combination of insulin resistance and B-cell dysfunction
Type 2 diabetes explained correct answers 1. the stomach changes food to glucose
2. glucose enters blood
3. pancreas makes insulin
4. insulin enter blood
5. glucose can't get into the cells of the body. Glucose builds up in blood vessels
insulin receptors are resistant to insulins reaction
Type 2 diabetes symptoms correct answers - insidious onset (slow burn)
- often goes undiagnosed for years
- hyperglycemia
- excessive thirst (polydipsia)
- frequent urination (polyuria)
- polyphagia
- weight loss
As type 2 diabetes progresses, what eventually happens to the B-cells in the pancreas? correct
answers loss and death due to stress
Type 2 diabetes risk factors correct answers -Family history
- older age
- *obesity, particularly in intra-abdominal obesity (visceral)
- *physical inactivity
- prior history of gestational diabetes
- prediabetes diagnosis (impaired glucose homeostasis)
- race or ethnicity
