RCLS 2601 FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026
Play promotes - Answers -Resiliency
Adaptability
People skills
Intrinsic goals
Gross motor skills
Creativity
Solitary play - Answers -2-3 years old. Involved in their play and do not notice others
playing.
Constraints of Play - Answers -Lack of time, lack of places, playgrounds are too easy,
lack of inclusion, risk/injury, reliance constructed guidance
Free time - Answers -Common way to define leisure, amount of time left over when all
obligations have been completed.
Simple definition, hard to define because not all time is considered free time.
Recreation - Answers -Another definition of leisure.
Prosocial which is meant for good of person or society
Occurs at pre-designated time/place. is considered leisure on extrinsic or intrinsic.
State of mind - Answers -Most inclusive way to look at leisure.
Meaning of leisure is not dependent of activity but the individual.
Perceived Freedom - Answers -When a person has more freedom in their life, then the
parts that are controlled.
Intrinsic Motivation - Answers -Activity is done solely for the person's sake, no reward
from outside sources.
Sense of competence and Autonomy - Answers -Intrinsic motivator for leisure
participation
Driven to leisure by sense of competence (good feelings)
The more we do, more we get done, leaves us coming back for more.
Internalization - Answers -Mandatory tasks evolve into leisure should becomes a want.
Initiative - Answers -Developmental tasks which a person benefits from. Persistence
through challenges over time, a drive to accomplish.
Flow - Answers -Psychological state with intense focus and enjoyment. One loses
themselves.
, Constraints - Answers -Inhibit or prevent participation in an activity, reason we make
choices, limitations.
Intrapersonal constraints - Answers -Barriers to self, personal, and psychological
characteristics. Anxiety > lack of skill.
Interpersonal constraints - Answers -barriers which reflect the environment. an example
is discrimination.
Structural constraints - Answers -Limit participation after interest is formed, barriers
which go beyond personal constraints.
Example is lack of playground in a neighborhood= lack of opportunities
Neulingers Paradigm - Answers -Perceived Freedom
State of mind 1: Pure leisure- pure freedom/intrinsic motivation
State of mind 2: Leisure- with work, perceived freedom, intrinsic and extrinsic
motivation.
State of mind 3: Leisure job- perceived free, extrinsic motivation
Perceived Constraint
State of mind 4: Pure work- no freedom, but intrinsically satisfying
State of mind 5: Work- Job- no freedom, and is intrinsically and extrinsically satisfying.
State of mind 6: Pure job- no freedom, extrinsically satisfying.
Kelly's model - Answers -See model
How do autonomy, and state of competence and relatedness facilitate internalization? -
Answers -Internalization is more likely to occur when these factors are present. Factors
known as basic psychological needs.
How do anxiety, boredom, and flow occur? - Answers -Anxiety --> comes from flow,
when we exceed our skills a large amount.
Boredom --> comes from when our skills being ahead of what the activity requires
Flow --> when the skill and the activity level are equal.
What ways does culture influence leisure? - Answers -Leisure can allow us to learn
about ourselves as well as learn about culture. Our culture determines what is
acceptable for leisure.
Kelley, Relational leisure is - Answers -High Freedom --> social meaning
Modern psychological view of leisure - Answers -state of mind
Research by Ryan + Deci says people lose intrinsic satisfaction for leisure activites
when they have been rewarded for them. - Answers -True
Play promotes - Answers -Resiliency
Adaptability
People skills
Intrinsic goals
Gross motor skills
Creativity
Solitary play - Answers -2-3 years old. Involved in their play and do not notice others
playing.
Constraints of Play - Answers -Lack of time, lack of places, playgrounds are too easy,
lack of inclusion, risk/injury, reliance constructed guidance
Free time - Answers -Common way to define leisure, amount of time left over when all
obligations have been completed.
Simple definition, hard to define because not all time is considered free time.
Recreation - Answers -Another definition of leisure.
Prosocial which is meant for good of person or society
Occurs at pre-designated time/place. is considered leisure on extrinsic or intrinsic.
State of mind - Answers -Most inclusive way to look at leisure.
Meaning of leisure is not dependent of activity but the individual.
Perceived Freedom - Answers -When a person has more freedom in their life, then the
parts that are controlled.
Intrinsic Motivation - Answers -Activity is done solely for the person's sake, no reward
from outside sources.
Sense of competence and Autonomy - Answers -Intrinsic motivator for leisure
participation
Driven to leisure by sense of competence (good feelings)
The more we do, more we get done, leaves us coming back for more.
Internalization - Answers -Mandatory tasks evolve into leisure should becomes a want.
Initiative - Answers -Developmental tasks which a person benefits from. Persistence
through challenges over time, a drive to accomplish.
Flow - Answers -Psychological state with intense focus and enjoyment. One loses
themselves.
, Constraints - Answers -Inhibit or prevent participation in an activity, reason we make
choices, limitations.
Intrapersonal constraints - Answers -Barriers to self, personal, and psychological
characteristics. Anxiety > lack of skill.
Interpersonal constraints - Answers -barriers which reflect the environment. an example
is discrimination.
Structural constraints - Answers -Limit participation after interest is formed, barriers
which go beyond personal constraints.
Example is lack of playground in a neighborhood= lack of opportunities
Neulingers Paradigm - Answers -Perceived Freedom
State of mind 1: Pure leisure- pure freedom/intrinsic motivation
State of mind 2: Leisure- with work, perceived freedom, intrinsic and extrinsic
motivation.
State of mind 3: Leisure job- perceived free, extrinsic motivation
Perceived Constraint
State of mind 4: Pure work- no freedom, but intrinsically satisfying
State of mind 5: Work- Job- no freedom, and is intrinsically and extrinsically satisfying.
State of mind 6: Pure job- no freedom, extrinsically satisfying.
Kelly's model - Answers -See model
How do autonomy, and state of competence and relatedness facilitate internalization? -
Answers -Internalization is more likely to occur when these factors are present. Factors
known as basic psychological needs.
How do anxiety, boredom, and flow occur? - Answers -Anxiety --> comes from flow,
when we exceed our skills a large amount.
Boredom --> comes from when our skills being ahead of what the activity requires
Flow --> when the skill and the activity level are equal.
What ways does culture influence leisure? - Answers -Leisure can allow us to learn
about ourselves as well as learn about culture. Our culture determines what is
acceptable for leisure.
Kelley, Relational leisure is - Answers -High Freedom --> social meaning
Modern psychological view of leisure - Answers -state of mind
Research by Ryan + Deci says people lose intrinsic satisfaction for leisure activites
when they have been rewarded for them. - Answers -True
