Lbs1 (290) Language & Disabilities Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update 2026

LBS1 (290) LANGUAGE & DISABILITIES EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Language Development Stages - Answers 1. Pre-linguistic (0-12 months) 2. 1-word Holophrase (10-13 mon.) 3. 2-word (by 18 mon.) 4. Multi-word sentences (by 2-2.5 yrs) 5. Complex sentences (by 2.5-3 yrs) 6. Adult-like language (by 5-6 yrs) Phonology - Answers production & recognition of sounds Morphology - Answers how words are formed from smaller pieces (morphemes) Semantics - Answers Meaning of words and phrases Syntax - Answers how words are put together to make phrases pragmatics of language - Answers rules for language in different contexts Fluency - Answers Includes language: read, write, speak, & listen, Speaking includes rate & prosody Prosody - Answers Speech inflections & expressions that convey meaning Expressive Language - Answers Speak or write to express thoughts & feelings Receptive Language - Answers Read or listen to understand Expressive Language Disorders - Answers Difficult to express needs & wants or thoughts & feelings. Limited vocab. Can sometimes understand. (Ex. TBI, Dyslexia, Autism, LD) Receptive Language Disorders - Answers Struggle to understand spoken language (issues: attention, engaging, & understand directions). Expressive language, hearing, reading are fine. Support by break down into small steps & write directions. Stages of Literacy - Answers Reading progression: 1-emergent (picture books, ABCs) 2-novice (meaning, letter-sound, sight words) 3-decoding reader (simple stories) 4-comprehending/transitional (Rd rate indicates skills) 5-expert/fluent (comprehend multiple texts) emergent literacy - Answers (6mon- 6yrs) Pretend read, tell stories, print name, learn alphabet Novice - Answers (6-7 yrs) Basic recognition of letters and sounds, Read sight words & high frequency word texts Decoding Reader Stage - Answers (7-9 yrs) increasing fluency; read simple stories fluent: comprehending/transitional reader - Answers (8-15 yrs) more automatic reading, comprehension improves, learn new ideas & info expert/fluent reader - Answers (16+ yrs) high-level comprehension and analysis 504 Plan - Answers Disability does NOT affect educational performance but requires accommodation or modifications (i.e. physical impairment) Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - Answers 13 categories of disabilities accommodated in Least Restrictive Environment: SLD, Speech, OHI, Autism, Intellectual, Emotional, Deaf, Hearing, Deaf-Blind, Multiple, Orthopedic, TBI, Visual/Blind High-incidence Disability (80%) - Answers SLD, Speech/Language, OHI, ASD, mild Intellectual, & Emotional Low-Incidence Disability (20%) - Answers Start at early age, including: Deaf, Hearing, Deaf-Blind, Visual/Blind, Multiple, Orthopedic, TBI, some OHI, & significant developmental delays Specific Learning Disability (SLD) - Answers Deficits in Reading, Writing/Handwriting, Math, or Attention, includes Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, & Dyscalculia Support reading with word recognition or identification. Other Health Impairment (OHI) - Answers Condition limiting a child's strength, vitality, or alertness, including chronic health issues: ADHD, diabetes, epilepsy, heart, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, sickle cell anemia, Tourette's Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Answers affects communication and behavior. Support by Socratic Method guided discovery Emotional Disturbance (ED) - Answers 1 or more specific emotional or behavioral difficulties over a long period. Support with scaffolded instruction in social skills, self-awareness, self-esteem, & self-control Speech or Language Impairment - Answers Affecting the ability to speak or understand language. Can be linked to ASD or Hearing issues.