NSG 240 Fundamentals Exam 1 Study Guide UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. How would you do patient teaching in way to better - Patient teach-back method
educate your patient? - Speak in simple terms (not medical terminology)
- Explain slowly
2. If a patient is newly diagnosed with COPD, how would - Assess their cognitive level
you assess their health literacy? - Assess if they are willing to learn
- Assess their level of health literacy
- Knowledge of the disease
- See if they have their own support system/motivation
- Know there own personal health values in regards to their religion/personal
beliefs
3. What is maleficence, justice, and beneficence? Maleficence - deliberate infliction of a negative act or effect on another
individual/group
Justice - treatment of patients fairly and equitably
Beneficence - obligation of HCP to act for the benefit of the patient; prevent
harm
4. Which population group are vulnerable and - Populations in rural/low income/crowded areas
experience a lot of health disparities? - They are at higher risk for infections
5. How is quality improvement conducted, and how do - Chart auditing
we use it to identify infectious areas? - surveying/audit by manager/charge nurse
- rounding/fall risk signs
6. What is an incident report? - A detailed, written account of an adverse event
- ie: medication given at wrong time/med error, patient fall, etc
7. What is evidence-based practice? - Providing holistic, quality care based on the most up-to-date research
8. What do the terms justice, autonomy, and veracity? Veracity - telling the truth (ethical principle of honesty and truthfulness)
Justice - fairness or an equal distribution of benefits
Autonomy - providing adequate information to allow patients to make their own
decisions based on their beliefs and values
9. In terms of charting, how do you chart? - Using objective data in a timely manner to prevent charting error
- Reporting pain as subjective data
- You can still give the medication even though the patient is not visibly in pain
10. Know what could possibly be missing from - Dosage
prescription? - Route
- Frequency
- Expiration
- Medication itself
, 11. If a patient refuses medication.... - Chart it and document it
- Report it to doctor (doctor could possibly convince the patient to change their
mind)
12. Convert: a. 1 mg --> 0.001 kg
a. Mg --> kg b. 1 mcg --> 0.001 mg
b. Mcg --> mg
13. What are nonmodifiable factors? Gender
Race
Family history
Age
14. What are modifiable factors? Smoking
Obesity
Lack of physical activity
Diet
15. What is primary prevention? Intervening before health effects occur, through measures such as vaccinations
- ie: immunizations, regular exercise
16. What is secondary prevention? Screening to identify disease in the earliest stages, before the onset of signs and
symptoms, through measures such as mammography and regular blood pressure
testing
- ie: screening for high blood pressure, breast self-examination
17. What is tertiary prevention? Managing disease post diagnosis to slow or stop disease progression through
measures
- ie: chemotherapy, rehabilitation, and screening for complications
18. If you give a pt a BP medication, what should you - Assess their BP first
further assess before giving medication? - Report symptoms if the BP is low includes: dizziness, fatigue
19. What is objective data? - Written documentation of observable, measurable and reproducible findings
from examination. and supporting laboratory or diagnostic tests, assessment or
diagnostic formulation
20. What is subjective data? - Information provided by a patient to a nurse from the patient's viewpoint or the
viewpoint of a second party
- ie: how the pt feels/reports pain
21. What is client advocacy? - Voicing what the pt wishes (ie: if they want DNR)
- Respecting what the pt desire
22. What are breaches of the nursing practice? - Failure to use such care as a reasonable prudent and careful person would use
under similar circumstances
- ie: reporting if you see the pt family doing drugs, report patient abuse if
suspected
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. How would you do patient teaching in way to better - Patient teach-back method
educate your patient? - Speak in simple terms (not medical terminology)
- Explain slowly
2. If a patient is newly diagnosed with COPD, how would - Assess their cognitive level
you assess their health literacy? - Assess if they are willing to learn
- Assess their level of health literacy
- Knowledge of the disease
- See if they have their own support system/motivation
- Know there own personal health values in regards to their religion/personal
beliefs
3. What is maleficence, justice, and beneficence? Maleficence - deliberate infliction of a negative act or effect on another
individual/group
Justice - treatment of patients fairly and equitably
Beneficence - obligation of HCP to act for the benefit of the patient; prevent
harm
4. Which population group are vulnerable and - Populations in rural/low income/crowded areas
experience a lot of health disparities? - They are at higher risk for infections
5. How is quality improvement conducted, and how do - Chart auditing
we use it to identify infectious areas? - surveying/audit by manager/charge nurse
- rounding/fall risk signs
6. What is an incident report? - A detailed, written account of an adverse event
- ie: medication given at wrong time/med error, patient fall, etc
7. What is evidence-based practice? - Providing holistic, quality care based on the most up-to-date research
8. What do the terms justice, autonomy, and veracity? Veracity - telling the truth (ethical principle of honesty and truthfulness)
Justice - fairness or an equal distribution of benefits
Autonomy - providing adequate information to allow patients to make their own
decisions based on their beliefs and values
9. In terms of charting, how do you chart? - Using objective data in a timely manner to prevent charting error
- Reporting pain as subjective data
- You can still give the medication even though the patient is not visibly in pain
10. Know what could possibly be missing from - Dosage
prescription? - Route
- Frequency
- Expiration
- Medication itself
, 11. If a patient refuses medication.... - Chart it and document it
- Report it to doctor (doctor could possibly convince the patient to change their
mind)
12. Convert: a. 1 mg --> 0.001 kg
a. Mg --> kg b. 1 mcg --> 0.001 mg
b. Mcg --> mg
13. What are nonmodifiable factors? Gender
Race
Family history
Age
14. What are modifiable factors? Smoking
Obesity
Lack of physical activity
Diet
15. What is primary prevention? Intervening before health effects occur, through measures such as vaccinations
- ie: immunizations, regular exercise
16. What is secondary prevention? Screening to identify disease in the earliest stages, before the onset of signs and
symptoms, through measures such as mammography and regular blood pressure
testing
- ie: screening for high blood pressure, breast self-examination
17. What is tertiary prevention? Managing disease post diagnosis to slow or stop disease progression through
measures
- ie: chemotherapy, rehabilitation, and screening for complications
18. If you give a pt a BP medication, what should you - Assess their BP first
further assess before giving medication? - Report symptoms if the BP is low includes: dizziness, fatigue
19. What is objective data? - Written documentation of observable, measurable and reproducible findings
from examination. and supporting laboratory or diagnostic tests, assessment or
diagnostic formulation
20. What is subjective data? - Information provided by a patient to a nurse from the patient's viewpoint or the
viewpoint of a second party
- ie: how the pt feels/reports pain
21. What is client advocacy? - Voicing what the pt wishes (ie: if they want DNR)
- Respecting what the pt desire
22. What are breaches of the nursing practice? - Failure to use such care as a reasonable prudent and careful person would use
under similar circumstances
- ie: reporting if you see the pt family doing drugs, report patient abuse if
suspected
