Zoology (Roelke) EXAM 1 Questions
with Correct Answers
What is zoology? - ANSWERSbranch of biology that studies animals (domain Eukarya
and kingdom Animalia***)
Where does the name zoology come from? - ANSWERSnamed for the Greek roots
"zoon" (animal)*** and "logos" (knowledge
Define "knowledge" - ANSWERSdefined as "justified, true belief" by Karl Popper
List the characteristics of LIFE - ANSWERS-chemical uniqueness
-complexity and hierarchal organization
-reproduction
-genetic material
-metabolism
-development
-environmental interaction
-movement
Describe chemical uniqueness (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-living systems
demonstrate unique and complex molecular organization
-amino acid structure: amino group, hydrogen, carboxyl group, and R-group (variant)
-biological macromolecules: nucleic acids, proteins, carbs, lipids
-not all are unique to life but the structure, molecules, and bonds are distinct
Describe complexity and organization (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-"look for
anything symmetrical"
-hierarchal
--emergent properties (e.g. social behavior)
-variation in properties arising from common structures (homologous) structures makes
definition difficult
-ex: driver ants do not have a defined hive for their colony, they carry it around and form
lines (resembling a phylogenetic tree) to find food during the day
Describe reproduction (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-organisms make more of
themselves
-tremendous variation
-asexual vs. sexual
-reproductive mode (broad term, will define)
List an example of reproductive mode - ANSWERS-intrauterine cannibalism
, -sand tiger shark
-common in tropical and temperate regions
-not dangerous to humans
-the babies eat unfertilized yolk and eventually each other, the mother only gives birth to
two babies (one from each oviduct) because it has literally eaten all of the other fetuses
Describe genetic material (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-DNA or RNA
-inheritability
Describe metabolism (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-organisms acquire energy
and nutrients from the environment and process them
-catabolic (breaking down)
-anabolic (building)
-the study of metabolism is a branch of physiology
Describe development (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-all organisms have life cycle
-animals often have multiple life stages
-animals senesce (age)
-some organisms* do not senesce
-ex: American cockroach that have many different stages of life (they get a parasite in
their brain that inhibits their ability to distinguish light from dark)
Describe environmental interaction (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-ecology: the
study of organismal interactions between their abiotic and biotic environments
-niche: the physical and temporal space an organism can exist within
-ex: new discovery of olinguito mammal, scientists plotted areas that would be suitable
on a map for it to live but it was not living in the Venezuelan highlands, because it was
outside of their niche
-irritability: an organism's response or ability to respond to stimuli
Describe movement (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-organisms and their parts
show complex and at least somewhat predictable movements
-ex: spearing shrimp, the second fastest animal movement recorded
List the characteristics of SCIENCE - ANSWERS-guided by natural laws
-able to be explained by natural laws
-testable
-conclusions are tentative pending new evidence
-falsifiable
-considerable misunderstanding of terminology (e.g. hypothesis, theory, law)
What are the parts of the scientific method? - ANSWERS-observation
-question
-hypothesis
-test or experiment
-conclusion
with Correct Answers
What is zoology? - ANSWERSbranch of biology that studies animals (domain Eukarya
and kingdom Animalia***)
Where does the name zoology come from? - ANSWERSnamed for the Greek roots
"zoon" (animal)*** and "logos" (knowledge
Define "knowledge" - ANSWERSdefined as "justified, true belief" by Karl Popper
List the characteristics of LIFE - ANSWERS-chemical uniqueness
-complexity and hierarchal organization
-reproduction
-genetic material
-metabolism
-development
-environmental interaction
-movement
Describe chemical uniqueness (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-living systems
demonstrate unique and complex molecular organization
-amino acid structure: amino group, hydrogen, carboxyl group, and R-group (variant)
-biological macromolecules: nucleic acids, proteins, carbs, lipids
-not all are unique to life but the structure, molecules, and bonds are distinct
Describe complexity and organization (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-"look for
anything symmetrical"
-hierarchal
--emergent properties (e.g. social behavior)
-variation in properties arising from common structures (homologous) structures makes
definition difficult
-ex: driver ants do not have a defined hive for their colony, they carry it around and form
lines (resembling a phylogenetic tree) to find food during the day
Describe reproduction (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-organisms make more of
themselves
-tremendous variation
-asexual vs. sexual
-reproductive mode (broad term, will define)
List an example of reproductive mode - ANSWERS-intrauterine cannibalism
, -sand tiger shark
-common in tropical and temperate regions
-not dangerous to humans
-the babies eat unfertilized yolk and eventually each other, the mother only gives birth to
two babies (one from each oviduct) because it has literally eaten all of the other fetuses
Describe genetic material (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-DNA or RNA
-inheritability
Describe metabolism (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-organisms acquire energy
and nutrients from the environment and process them
-catabolic (breaking down)
-anabolic (building)
-the study of metabolism is a branch of physiology
Describe development (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-all organisms have life cycle
-animals often have multiple life stages
-animals senesce (age)
-some organisms* do not senesce
-ex: American cockroach that have many different stages of life (they get a parasite in
their brain that inhibits their ability to distinguish light from dark)
Describe environmental interaction (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-ecology: the
study of organismal interactions between their abiotic and biotic environments
-niche: the physical and temporal space an organism can exist within
-ex: new discovery of olinguito mammal, scientists plotted areas that would be suitable
on a map for it to live but it was not living in the Venezuelan highlands, because it was
outside of their niche
-irritability: an organism's response or ability to respond to stimuli
Describe movement (characteristics of life) - ANSWERS-organisms and their parts
show complex and at least somewhat predictable movements
-ex: spearing shrimp, the second fastest animal movement recorded
List the characteristics of SCIENCE - ANSWERS-guided by natural laws
-able to be explained by natural laws
-testable
-conclusions are tentative pending new evidence
-falsifiable
-considerable misunderstanding of terminology (e.g. hypothesis, theory, law)
What are the parts of the scientific method? - ANSWERS-observation
-question
-hypothesis
-test or experiment
-conclusion
