NSG 122 Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 4 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
4 Exercise Effects on the Body 1. Increased demand for oxygen to muscles
2. Systolic BP Increases
3. Respiratory Rate Increases
4. Heart Rate Increases
4 Things to Know About Body and Mobility Changes in 1. Encourage self-care behaviors
the Patient 2. Sensitivity to feelings about body and mobility
3. Be supportive and expect frustration
4. Encourage patient to correct behavior that may worsen progress
4 Things to Know When Getting Mobility & Exercise 1. Endurance
History 2. Mobility issues
3. ADLs
4. Mental health mobility issue causing
4 Patient Positions to Relieve Pressure 1. Lateral (side lying)
2. Fowlers
3. Prone
4. Supine
Why is lateral position preferred for relieving pressure? Comfortable position for resting. Relives pressure on scapulae, sacrum, and heels
and allows the legs and feet to be comfortably flexed, support pillows are
needed for correct positioning
Steps for Graduated Compression Stockings 1. Measurement of each leg
2. Assess each pedal pulse for circulation
3. Assess skin and neurovascular of each leg
4. Apply before patient gets out of Bed
5. Avoid massage of legs
Why do you avoid massaging the legs for graduated Do not massage the legs. If a clot is present, it may break away from the vessel
compression stockings? wall and circulate in the bloodstream.
Steps for Getting OOB for the 1st Time 1. Assist from lying to sitting with dangle
2. Determine strength and readiness of patient to stand
3. Determine assistance needed-do not assume
4. Assess for numbness, tingling, dizziness, lightheaded
5. Teach patient to keep head up and eyes forward
Fibrous Joints Immoveable
Skull sutures
Cartilaginous Joints Slightly moveable Between vertebrae
Synovial Joints Freely Moveable, Ball-in-socket joints, gliding joint, hinge joint (ankle, knee), pivot
joints
, Flexion the state of being bent, chin to chest
Extension The state of being in a straight line, head to sky
Abduction movement away from the body
Adduction Movement towards middle of the body
4 Im portant Parts to Maintain Body Alignment 1. Skeletal
2. Muscular
3. Nervous system
4. Joints and tendons
Isotonic Exercise: involves muscle shortening and active movement. Examples include carrying out
ADLs, independently performing range-of-motion exercises, and swimming,
walking, jogging, and bicycling
Potential Benefits of Isotonic Exercise: increased muscle mass, tone, and strength; improved joint mobility; increased
cardiac and respiratory function; increased circulation; and increased osteoblastic
or bone-building activity.
Potential Benefits of Isometric Exercise: increased muscle mass, tone, and strength; increased circulation to the exercised
body part; and increased osteoblastic activity.
Isometric Exercise muscle contraction without shortening (i.e., there is no movement or only a
minimum shortening of muscle fibers). Examples include contractions of the
quadriceps and gluteal muscles, such as what occurs when holding a Yoga pose.
Endurance Definition how much and what type of activity makes patient tired
Hemiparesis weakness on one side of the body
Paraplegia paralysis from the waist down
Hypertonicity Spasticity, increased, muscle tone that interferes with movement
Gait Belt Definition and Which Kinds of Patients? Used with transferring patients and assisting in ambulation.
Patients who have leg strength, can cooperate, and require minimal assistance
Power Stand Assist Definition and Which Kinds of Sling used to assistant patient to standing position
Patients? Patients who can bear weight on at least one leg, can follow directions, and are
cooperative.
Lateral Assist Definition and Examples Used to reduce patient-surface friction during side to side transfers. Examples:
roller boards, slide boards, inflatable mattresses, transfer boards.
Powered Full Body Lift Definition and Which Kinds of Full body sling under patients body which is attacked to a lift.
Patients? Patients who cannon bear any weight to move themselves.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
4 Exercise Effects on the Body 1. Increased demand for oxygen to muscles
2. Systolic BP Increases
3. Respiratory Rate Increases
4. Heart Rate Increases
4 Things to Know About Body and Mobility Changes in 1. Encourage self-care behaviors
the Patient 2. Sensitivity to feelings about body and mobility
3. Be supportive and expect frustration
4. Encourage patient to correct behavior that may worsen progress
4 Things to Know When Getting Mobility & Exercise 1. Endurance
History 2. Mobility issues
3. ADLs
4. Mental health mobility issue causing
4 Patient Positions to Relieve Pressure 1. Lateral (side lying)
2. Fowlers
3. Prone
4. Supine
Why is lateral position preferred for relieving pressure? Comfortable position for resting. Relives pressure on scapulae, sacrum, and heels
and allows the legs and feet to be comfortably flexed, support pillows are
needed for correct positioning
Steps for Graduated Compression Stockings 1. Measurement of each leg
2. Assess each pedal pulse for circulation
3. Assess skin and neurovascular of each leg
4. Apply before patient gets out of Bed
5. Avoid massage of legs
Why do you avoid massaging the legs for graduated Do not massage the legs. If a clot is present, it may break away from the vessel
compression stockings? wall and circulate in the bloodstream.
Steps for Getting OOB for the 1st Time 1. Assist from lying to sitting with dangle
2. Determine strength and readiness of patient to stand
3. Determine assistance needed-do not assume
4. Assess for numbness, tingling, dizziness, lightheaded
5. Teach patient to keep head up and eyes forward
Fibrous Joints Immoveable
Skull sutures
Cartilaginous Joints Slightly moveable Between vertebrae
Synovial Joints Freely Moveable, Ball-in-socket joints, gliding joint, hinge joint (ankle, knee), pivot
joints
, Flexion the state of being bent, chin to chest
Extension The state of being in a straight line, head to sky
Abduction movement away from the body
Adduction Movement towards middle of the body
4 Im portant Parts to Maintain Body Alignment 1. Skeletal
2. Muscular
3. Nervous system
4. Joints and tendons
Isotonic Exercise: involves muscle shortening and active movement. Examples include carrying out
ADLs, independently performing range-of-motion exercises, and swimming,
walking, jogging, and bicycling
Potential Benefits of Isotonic Exercise: increased muscle mass, tone, and strength; improved joint mobility; increased
cardiac and respiratory function; increased circulation; and increased osteoblastic
or bone-building activity.
Potential Benefits of Isometric Exercise: increased muscle mass, tone, and strength; increased circulation to the exercised
body part; and increased osteoblastic activity.
Isometric Exercise muscle contraction without shortening (i.e., there is no movement or only a
minimum shortening of muscle fibers). Examples include contractions of the
quadriceps and gluteal muscles, such as what occurs when holding a Yoga pose.
Endurance Definition how much and what type of activity makes patient tired
Hemiparesis weakness on one side of the body
Paraplegia paralysis from the waist down
Hypertonicity Spasticity, increased, muscle tone that interferes with movement
Gait Belt Definition and Which Kinds of Patients? Used with transferring patients and assisting in ambulation.
Patients who have leg strength, can cooperate, and require minimal assistance
Power Stand Assist Definition and Which Kinds of Sling used to assistant patient to standing position
Patients? Patients who can bear weight on at least one leg, can follow directions, and are
cooperative.
Lateral Assist Definition and Examples Used to reduce patient-surface friction during side to side transfers. Examples:
roller boards, slide boards, inflatable mattresses, transfer boards.
Powered Full Body Lift Definition and Which Kinds of Full body sling under patients body which is attacked to a lift.
Patients? Patients who cannon bear any weight to move themselves.
