BSNC 1000 LATEST 2026 TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS SCORED A+
✔✔what is hypertensive encephalopathy? - ✔✔hypertensive emergency!!!
often occurs with sudden, acute rise in BP
- chronic hypertension or severe hypertension (more than 180/120) can lead to
hemorrhagic stroke
- rupture of aneurysm
- usually onset with headache, vomiting, trouble with balance, confusion, and rapid loss
of consciousness
✔✔What is polycythemia? - ✔✔too many red blood cells
✔✔What are the social determinants of health? - ✔✔-neighborhood and built
environment
-health and health care
-social and community context
-education
-economic stability
✔✔what are modifiable and non-modifiable social determinants of health? -
✔✔modifiable:
- social environment
- education and literacy
- employment
non-modifiable:
- income
- gender
- culture
- genetics
- healthy childhood development (if older adult)
✔✔ What are the four subcomponents of population health? - ✔✔epidemiology; chronic
disease management; illness and injury prevention; health promotion
✔✔what is population health? - ✔✔Aims to improve health inequalities by examining
and acting upon a broad range of factors and conditions that determine health
✔✔define incidence - ✔✔The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition
during a specific time.
✔✔Define prevalence - ✔✔number of total cases of a disease in a given area during a
given period of time
, ✔✔Define morbidity - ✔✔proportion of population with disease
✔✔Define mortality - ✔✔the incidence of death in a population
✔✔what is the community perspective? - ✔✔word of mouth; what is accessible; media
✔✔what is the healthcare perspective? - ✔✔evidence and science based; articles/peer
reviewed journals; experience
✔✔Define disease - ✔✔an abnormal state in which the body is not performing normal
functions
✔✔Define chronic disease - ✔✔an ongoing condition or illness
✔✔how does social support impact health? - ✔✔promotes both happiness and health;
poor social relationships can be an important risk factor for smoking and obesity
✔✔how does income and social status impact health? - ✔✔level of income shapes
overall living conditions, affects psychological functioning and influences health-related
behaviours like quality of diet --> access to better resources
✔✔how does education and literacy impact health? - ✔✔can lead to a better job, higher
income, greater health literacy and understanding the difference between unhealthy and
health behaviours
✔✔how do employment and working conditions impact health? - ✔✔no job can lead to
higher rates of stress, mental health issues, and poverty --> lack of resources from low
income
✔✔how does the social environment impact health? - ✔✔( support and resources
available in the community)
- lack of social environment can lead to isolation and poor mental health which can
cause bad health behaviours
✔✔what are examples of physical environments that can impact health? - ✔✔air
quality/pollution, water, food, housing, natural disasters (hurricanes, droughts, floods),
accessibility to human-built resources (playgrounds, workplaces, public transport)
✔✔how does personal health practices and coping skills impact health? - ✔✔can
prevent diseases and enhance health
--> good self-care and coping mechanisms for stress
SOLUTIONS SCORED A+
✔✔what is hypertensive encephalopathy? - ✔✔hypertensive emergency!!!
often occurs with sudden, acute rise in BP
- chronic hypertension or severe hypertension (more than 180/120) can lead to
hemorrhagic stroke
- rupture of aneurysm
- usually onset with headache, vomiting, trouble with balance, confusion, and rapid loss
of consciousness
✔✔What is polycythemia? - ✔✔too many red blood cells
✔✔What are the social determinants of health? - ✔✔-neighborhood and built
environment
-health and health care
-social and community context
-education
-economic stability
✔✔what are modifiable and non-modifiable social determinants of health? -
✔✔modifiable:
- social environment
- education and literacy
- employment
non-modifiable:
- income
- gender
- culture
- genetics
- healthy childhood development (if older adult)
✔✔ What are the four subcomponents of population health? - ✔✔epidemiology; chronic
disease management; illness and injury prevention; health promotion
✔✔what is population health? - ✔✔Aims to improve health inequalities by examining
and acting upon a broad range of factors and conditions that determine health
✔✔define incidence - ✔✔The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition
during a specific time.
✔✔Define prevalence - ✔✔number of total cases of a disease in a given area during a
given period of time
, ✔✔Define morbidity - ✔✔proportion of population with disease
✔✔Define mortality - ✔✔the incidence of death in a population
✔✔what is the community perspective? - ✔✔word of mouth; what is accessible; media
✔✔what is the healthcare perspective? - ✔✔evidence and science based; articles/peer
reviewed journals; experience
✔✔Define disease - ✔✔an abnormal state in which the body is not performing normal
functions
✔✔Define chronic disease - ✔✔an ongoing condition or illness
✔✔how does social support impact health? - ✔✔promotes both happiness and health;
poor social relationships can be an important risk factor for smoking and obesity
✔✔how does income and social status impact health? - ✔✔level of income shapes
overall living conditions, affects psychological functioning and influences health-related
behaviours like quality of diet --> access to better resources
✔✔how does education and literacy impact health? - ✔✔can lead to a better job, higher
income, greater health literacy and understanding the difference between unhealthy and
health behaviours
✔✔how do employment and working conditions impact health? - ✔✔no job can lead to
higher rates of stress, mental health issues, and poverty --> lack of resources from low
income
✔✔how does the social environment impact health? - ✔✔( support and resources
available in the community)
- lack of social environment can lead to isolation and poor mental health which can
cause bad health behaviours
✔✔what are examples of physical environments that can impact health? - ✔✔air
quality/pollution, water, food, housing, natural disasters (hurricanes, droughts, floods),
accessibility to human-built resources (playgrounds, workplaces, public transport)
✔✔how does personal health practices and coping skills impact health? - ✔✔can
prevent diseases and enhance health
--> good self-care and coping mechanisms for stress
