HONDROS NUR 163 EVALUATION EXAM 2026
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS SCORED A+
✔✔Iron - ✔✔Pernicious anemia-Vit B12 not absorbed,
✔✔Sodium - ✔✔135-145 serum blood level
✔✔sodium sources - ✔✔canned food (baked beans), take out food, restaurants
✔✔sodium related problems - ✔✔acid base balance, fluid retention, hypernatremia-
edema, weight gain, HTN. Hyponatremia-confusion, irritability, muscle cramps, fatigue,
headaches, coma
✔✔Potassium sources - ✔✔Grapefruit, Apple juice, spinach
✔✔Potassium problems - ✔✔hypokalmeia-diuretics (Lasix), muscle weakness,
irritability. Hyperkalemia-renal failure, CKS, AKD,COUMADIN
✔✔Water - ✔✔2-3L/day
✔✔Water related problems - ✔✔dehydration-Low BP, high HR. assess with daily
weights and I/O. 2 pounds per day, 5 pounds per week. Overload-edema (CHF),
elevate legs to prevent swelling. Fluid and electrolyte loss-stool, emesis and urine
✔✔Protein - ✔✔Increase protein for healing/repair of tissues, pressure ulcers. Beans
and cheese
✔✔Osteoporosis - ✔✔30 min weight bearing exercise per day min.
✔✔alcoholism - ✔✔be aware the aging process can mimic alcohol abuse-need to
further assess
✔✔chewing, swallowing, digesting issues - ✔✔speech therapy, encourage rest periods
between bites, give small frequent meals, don't rush them
✔✔Barriers to good nutrition in elderly - ✔✔1. Cost of food (limited income)
2. Difficulty getting transportation
3. Obtaining an appropriate variety and sufficient amount of food (access to convenient
stores)
4. depression
5. Loneliness
6. Lack of motivation
, ✔✔Interventions for barriers to good nutrition - ✔✔soup kitchens, meals on wheels, food
pantries, coupons, project mobility, CATS, bus, community gardening, counseling
✔✔HDL's - ✔✔helps protect blood vessels
✔✔LDLs - ✔✔Huge-Clog
✔✔ Primary Prevention - ✔✔prevention (flu vaccine)
✔✔Secondary Prevention - ✔✔Catch the disease/diagnose (yearly physical exam)
✔✔Tertiary Prevention - ✔✔Treating/stopping progression (Cardiac rehab)
✔✔Benefits of diet - ✔✔Better health, disease prevention, healing (in Diabetics-biggest
factor affecting compliance is motivation)
✔✔Benefits of exercise - ✔✔keeps joints flexible, maintain muscle, decrease BS level,
heart health, decrease weight, increase sense of well-being
✔✔Types of exercise - ✔✔weight bearing is beneficial (prevents osteoporosis),
swimming easy on joints,
✔✔Exercise length - ✔✔must be 30 minutes to be beneficial
✔✔Tobacco cessation - ✔✔decreases risk for cancer, decreases cardiovascular issues
✔✔Alcohol - ✔✔ok in moderation-unless medically unsafe, AA can help stopping
✔✔Benefits of physical exams and preventive care - ✔✔yearly exams, identify problems
early,
✔✔physical exam - ✔✔should include BMI, BP and bone mineral density
✔✔Benefits of dental exams/preventive oral care - ✔✔identify dental caries, need for
dentures?,
✔✔Oral Care for elderly - ✔✔need to use toothpaste with fluoride
✔✔Benefit of maintaining a healthy attitude - ✔✔decreases depression, decreases
isolation, must have interactions with people
✔✔Benefits of religious beliefs - ✔✔promote good health practices
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS SCORED A+
✔✔Iron - ✔✔Pernicious anemia-Vit B12 not absorbed,
✔✔Sodium - ✔✔135-145 serum blood level
✔✔sodium sources - ✔✔canned food (baked beans), take out food, restaurants
✔✔sodium related problems - ✔✔acid base balance, fluid retention, hypernatremia-
edema, weight gain, HTN. Hyponatremia-confusion, irritability, muscle cramps, fatigue,
headaches, coma
✔✔Potassium sources - ✔✔Grapefruit, Apple juice, spinach
✔✔Potassium problems - ✔✔hypokalmeia-diuretics (Lasix), muscle weakness,
irritability. Hyperkalemia-renal failure, CKS, AKD,COUMADIN
✔✔Water - ✔✔2-3L/day
✔✔Water related problems - ✔✔dehydration-Low BP, high HR. assess with daily
weights and I/O. 2 pounds per day, 5 pounds per week. Overload-edema (CHF),
elevate legs to prevent swelling. Fluid and electrolyte loss-stool, emesis and urine
✔✔Protein - ✔✔Increase protein for healing/repair of tissues, pressure ulcers. Beans
and cheese
✔✔Osteoporosis - ✔✔30 min weight bearing exercise per day min.
✔✔alcoholism - ✔✔be aware the aging process can mimic alcohol abuse-need to
further assess
✔✔chewing, swallowing, digesting issues - ✔✔speech therapy, encourage rest periods
between bites, give small frequent meals, don't rush them
✔✔Barriers to good nutrition in elderly - ✔✔1. Cost of food (limited income)
2. Difficulty getting transportation
3. Obtaining an appropriate variety and sufficient amount of food (access to convenient
stores)
4. depression
5. Loneliness
6. Lack of motivation
, ✔✔Interventions for barriers to good nutrition - ✔✔soup kitchens, meals on wheels, food
pantries, coupons, project mobility, CATS, bus, community gardening, counseling
✔✔HDL's - ✔✔helps protect blood vessels
✔✔LDLs - ✔✔Huge-Clog
✔✔ Primary Prevention - ✔✔prevention (flu vaccine)
✔✔Secondary Prevention - ✔✔Catch the disease/diagnose (yearly physical exam)
✔✔Tertiary Prevention - ✔✔Treating/stopping progression (Cardiac rehab)
✔✔Benefits of diet - ✔✔Better health, disease prevention, healing (in Diabetics-biggest
factor affecting compliance is motivation)
✔✔Benefits of exercise - ✔✔keeps joints flexible, maintain muscle, decrease BS level,
heart health, decrease weight, increase sense of well-being
✔✔Types of exercise - ✔✔weight bearing is beneficial (prevents osteoporosis),
swimming easy on joints,
✔✔Exercise length - ✔✔must be 30 minutes to be beneficial
✔✔Tobacco cessation - ✔✔decreases risk for cancer, decreases cardiovascular issues
✔✔Alcohol - ✔✔ok in moderation-unless medically unsafe, AA can help stopping
✔✔Benefits of physical exams and preventive care - ✔✔yearly exams, identify problems
early,
✔✔physical exam - ✔✔should include BMI, BP and bone mineral density
✔✔Benefits of dental exams/preventive oral care - ✔✔identify dental caries, need for
dentures?,
✔✔Oral Care for elderly - ✔✔need to use toothpaste with fluoride
✔✔Benefit of maintaining a healthy attitude - ✔✔decreases depression, decreases
isolation, must have interactions with people
✔✔Benefits of religious beliefs - ✔✔promote good health practices
