Bio 121 Exam 1 Miami OH questions with revised answers| guaranteed pass.

What is the environment? - correct answers all of the living things and nonliving things around us What is science? - correct answers a systematic process for learning about the world and testing our understanding about it observation, questioning, testing, discovering What is hypothesis driven science? - correct answers structured research, experiment tested using scientific method What is observational/descriptive science? - correct answers info gathered about organisms, materials, systems, or processes not well known. NO EXPERIMENTS. Steps of the scientific method - correct answers -OBSERVATION -QUESTIONS -HYPOTHESIS -PREDICTION -TEST -EXPERIMENT -ANALYZE Independent Variable - correct answers variable scientist manipulates in experiment Dependent Variable - correct answers depends on/affected by the manipulation of the independent variable in the experiment Representative data - correct answers not biased or selected, random sample data Manipulated Experiments - correct answers experiments where the independent variable is manipulated Natural Tests - correct answers compare how dependent variables are expressed in naturally different contexts Paradigm - correct answers A dominant view.. can be changed Paradigm Shift - correct answers a new dominant view replaces the old Interdisciplinary - correct answers bringing techniques, perspectives, and research results from multiple disciplines together into a broad synthesis Relativists - correct answers ethics varies with social context Universalists - correct answers notions of right or wrong remain the same across cultures and situations Anthropocentrism - correct answers only humans have rights, cost/benefits measured by impact on people Biocentrism - correct answers certain living things have value, all human and nonhuman life Ecocentrism - correct answers whole ecological systems have value- species, communities, ecosystem Preservation Ethics - correct answers John Muir- we should protect the natural environment in a pristine, unaltered state Conservation Ethics - correct answers Gifford Pinchot- anthropocentric view... people should put natural resources to use, but have responsibility to manage them wisely Land Ethic - correct answers Aldo Leopold- view ourselves as part of the land Environmental Justice - correct answers fair & equitable treatment of all people with respect to environmental policy and practice.. equal access to clean water/air for EVERYONE Sustainability - correct answers living within our planet's means, leaving our descendants w/ a rich full world Ecosystem Services - correct answers essential services on which we depend that the Earth's natural systems provide Overshoot - correct answers When humans have surpassed Earth's capacity to sustainability to support us Non-Renewable Resources - correct answers Resources formed more slowly than we use them, unavailable after we use them Inexhaustible Renewable Resources - correct answers A natural resource that will never run out- oceans, waves, wind, sun, geothermal Exhaustible Natural Resource - correct answers The amount of resources which is limited in nature- trees, fresh water System - correct answers a network of relationships among parts, elements, or components that interact with and influence one another Lithosphere - correct answers rock & sediment -system Atmosphere - correct answers the air surrounding the planet- system Hydrosphere - correct answers all water on Earth- system Biosphere - correct answers the planets living organisms + nonliving parts they interact with -system Feedback loop - correct answers a circular process in which systems output serves as an input to that same system Negative feedback loop - correct answers Stablizes a system output that results when the system moves in one direction acts as an input that moves the system in the other direction Positive feedback loop - correct answers Drives a system further toward an extreme instead of stabilizing it Dynamic Equilibrium - correct answers Processes that move in opposing directions at equivalent rates so that their effects balance out Homeostasis - correct answers the tendency of a system to maintain relatively constant or stable internal conditions Law of conservation of matter - correct answers matter can be transformed, but cannot be destroyed or created Atomic Number - correct answers the number of protons Mass Number - correct answers protons plus neutrons (particles in nucleus) Ions - correct answers atoms that gain or lose electrons, electrically charged Isotopes - correct answers atoms of an element w/ different numbers of neutrons, different mass numbers Protons - correct answers A positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom Neutrons - correct answers An electrically neutral (uncharged) particle in the nucleus of an atom Electrons - correct answers A negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus of an atom Molecules - correct answers Combinations of two or more atoms Chemical Formula - correct answers indicates the type and # of atoms in a molecule or compound Ionic Bond - correct answers ions of different charges bind together Covalent Bond - correct answers atoms without electrical charges share electrons Organic Compound - correct answers carbon atoms bonded together, may include other elements: nitrogen, oxygen, sulfer, phosphorus Hydrocarbons - correct answers organic compounds that contain any carbon or hydrogen pH Scale - correct answers quantifies the acidity or basicity of solutions acidic solutions- pH scale - correct answers pH7 - contain more H+ basic solutions- pH scale - correct answers pH7- contain more OH- neutral solutions-pH scale - correct answers pH:7 Macromolecules - correct answers large sized molecules, building blocks of life carbohydrates - correct answers simple sugars and large molecules proteins - correct answers made up of long chains of organic molecules called amino acids Nucleic acids - correct answers direct production of proteins Lipids - correct answers Chemically diverse group of compounds, do not dissolve in water- fats & oils Nutrient - correct answers elements that organisms need in large amounts First law of thermodynamics - correct answers energy can change from one form to another, but cannot be created or lost Second law of thermodynamics - correct answers the physical la