Complete Test Bank - Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy, 5th Ed.
By Ellen Hillegass
(All Chapters 1-24, New Edition with Verified Answers and Rationales)
, Table of Contents
Section 1 — Anatomy and Physiology
1. Anatomy of the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems — 1
2. Physiology of the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems — 29
Section 2 — Pathophysiology
3. Ischemic cardiovascular conditions and other vascular pathologies — 51
4. Management of cardiovascular disease in women — 87
5. Cardiac muscle dysfunction and failure — 109
6. Restrictive lung dysfunction — 158
7. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases — 212
8. Pulmonary vascular disease — 240
9. Cardiopulmonary implications of specific diseases — 260
Section 3 — Diagnostic Tests and Procedures
10. Cardiovascular diagnostic tests and procedures — 308
11. Electrocardiography — 348
12. Pulmonary diagnostic tests and procedures — 381
Section 4 — Surgical Interventions, Monitoring, and Support
13. Cardiovascular and thoracic interventions — 408
14. Thoracic organ transplantation: heart and lung — 436
15. Monitoring, life support devices, and respiratory care in intensive care unit — 469
Section 5 — Pharmacology
16. Cardiovascular medications — 514
17. Pulmonary medications — 565
Section 6 — Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Intervention
18. Examination and assessment procedures — 586
19. Interventions for acute cardiopulmonary conditions — 621
20. Interventions and prevention measures for individuals with cardiovascular disease or risk of disease —
655
21. Pulmonary rehabilitation — 697
22. Pediatric cardiopulmonary physical therapy — 722
23. Outcome measures: A guide for the evidence-based practice of cardiopulmonary physical therapy —
748
24. The lymphatic system — 779
,Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following chest wall structures is located level with the second costal cartilage anteriorly
and thoracic vertebra T4 and T5 posteriorly?
A. Sternal angle
B. Jugular notch
C. Xiphoid process
D. Third costal cartilage
ANS: A
The sternal angle of the “angle of Louis” is level with the second costal cartilage anteriorly and thoracic
vertebrae T4 and T5 posteriorly.
PTS: 1
2. Pectus excuvatum is BEST described as:
A. Deformity of the sternum caused by trauma
B. Caved-in appearance of the chest
C. Diminished rib angle anteriorly
D. Conical shape of the thoracic cage
ANS: B
Pectus excuvatum is a common congenital deformity of the anterior wall of the chest, in which several ribs and
the sternum grow abnormally; it produces a caved-in or sunken appearance of the chest.
PTS: 1
3. The true ribs are BEST defined by which of the following statements?
A. Vertebrochondral ribs
B. Vertebrosternal ribs
C. Ribs 11 and 12
D. Ribs 8, 9, and 10
ANS: B
, The first seven ribs attach via their costal cartilages to the sternum and are called the true ribs (also known as
the vertebrosternal ribs).
PTS: 1
4. Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate for a patient with lower rib fractures?
A. Short, shallow breaths
B. Pursed lip breathing
C. Deep breaths with splinting
D. Breathing with arms raised
ANS: C
It is important for all therapists to recommend breathing (deep breathing), splinting (i.e., pillow), and coughing
strategies for patients with rib fractures.
PTS: 1
5. Which of the following positions facilitates greater excursion of both hemidiaphragms at rest?
A. Supine position
B. Sidelying position
C. Standing position
D. Sitting position
ANS: A
In the supine position, without the effects of gravity, the level of the diaphragm in the thoracic cavity rises. This
allows for a relatively greater excursion.
PTS: 1
6. Which of the following muscles help to achieve the active process of inspiration at rest?
A. Sternocleidomastoid
B. Diaphragm
C. Abdominal muscles
D. Trapezius
By Ellen Hillegass
(All Chapters 1-24, New Edition with Verified Answers and Rationales)
, Table of Contents
Section 1 — Anatomy and Physiology
1. Anatomy of the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems — 1
2. Physiology of the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems — 29
Section 2 — Pathophysiology
3. Ischemic cardiovascular conditions and other vascular pathologies — 51
4. Management of cardiovascular disease in women — 87
5. Cardiac muscle dysfunction and failure — 109
6. Restrictive lung dysfunction — 158
7. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases — 212
8. Pulmonary vascular disease — 240
9. Cardiopulmonary implications of specific diseases — 260
Section 3 — Diagnostic Tests and Procedures
10. Cardiovascular diagnostic tests and procedures — 308
11. Electrocardiography — 348
12. Pulmonary diagnostic tests and procedures — 381
Section 4 — Surgical Interventions, Monitoring, and Support
13. Cardiovascular and thoracic interventions — 408
14. Thoracic organ transplantation: heart and lung — 436
15. Monitoring, life support devices, and respiratory care in intensive care unit — 469
Section 5 — Pharmacology
16. Cardiovascular medications — 514
17. Pulmonary medications — 565
Section 6 — Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Intervention
18. Examination and assessment procedures — 586
19. Interventions for acute cardiopulmonary conditions — 621
20. Interventions and prevention measures for individuals with cardiovascular disease or risk of disease —
655
21. Pulmonary rehabilitation — 697
22. Pediatric cardiopulmonary physical therapy — 722
23. Outcome measures: A guide for the evidence-based practice of cardiopulmonary physical therapy —
748
24. The lymphatic system — 779
,Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following chest wall structures is located level with the second costal cartilage anteriorly
and thoracic vertebra T4 and T5 posteriorly?
A. Sternal angle
B. Jugular notch
C. Xiphoid process
D. Third costal cartilage
ANS: A
The sternal angle of the “angle of Louis” is level with the second costal cartilage anteriorly and thoracic
vertebrae T4 and T5 posteriorly.
PTS: 1
2. Pectus excuvatum is BEST described as:
A. Deformity of the sternum caused by trauma
B. Caved-in appearance of the chest
C. Diminished rib angle anteriorly
D. Conical shape of the thoracic cage
ANS: B
Pectus excuvatum is a common congenital deformity of the anterior wall of the chest, in which several ribs and
the sternum grow abnormally; it produces a caved-in or sunken appearance of the chest.
PTS: 1
3. The true ribs are BEST defined by which of the following statements?
A. Vertebrochondral ribs
B. Vertebrosternal ribs
C. Ribs 11 and 12
D. Ribs 8, 9, and 10
ANS: B
, The first seven ribs attach via their costal cartilages to the sternum and are called the true ribs (also known as
the vertebrosternal ribs).
PTS: 1
4. Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate for a patient with lower rib fractures?
A. Short, shallow breaths
B. Pursed lip breathing
C. Deep breaths with splinting
D. Breathing with arms raised
ANS: C
It is important for all therapists to recommend breathing (deep breathing), splinting (i.e., pillow), and coughing
strategies for patients with rib fractures.
PTS: 1
5. Which of the following positions facilitates greater excursion of both hemidiaphragms at rest?
A. Supine position
B. Sidelying position
C. Standing position
D. Sitting position
ANS: A
In the supine position, without the effects of gravity, the level of the diaphragm in the thoracic cavity rises. This
allows for a relatively greater excursion.
PTS: 1
6. Which of the following muscles help to achieve the active process of inspiration at rest?
A. Sternocleidomastoid
B. Diaphragm
C. Abdominal muscles
D. Trapezius
