NUR 442 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Chain of infection (know the elements and how infections are shared) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅look at
photo
Modes of transmission (include direct and indirect transmission) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-
Airborne/droplet
- Foodborne
- Waterborne
- Vector-borne
- direct
indirect
direct mode of transmission - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅body surface to body surface, bird flu
indirect mode of transmission - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a susceptible host meets a contaminated
inanimate object, think surgical instrument, needles, toys, dirty clothing, food, water, also vectors
Types of precautions to use with various infections (standard vs airborne vs droplet) NEED MORE INFO -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Airborne: particles transmitted by air to host via droplets or particles
- Airborne particles travel greater than 3 feet. Measles, Chickenpox, TB, Covid: use N-95
Droplet particles travel less than 3 feet. Flu, pertussis, SARS: use surgical mask
What is active vs passive immunity and how is it obtained - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Active = EXPOSURE
to disease triggers immune system to produce antibodies, obtained via infection or immunization.
Protection = takes time to develop but is long lasting
Passive = a person is given antibodies, i.e. infants via placenta or immune globulin or antibodies for
covid. Protection = immediate but lasts just weeks to months
Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅host, agent, environment factors, vector
, Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad HOST - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- (HUMAN) = is the client whose health
status is of concern, the living being that an agent or the environment influences, can be the individual,
family, group of high-risk people or the community as a whole. Worker characteristics (job inexperience,
age, pregnancy, health status, work practices, lifestyle factors)
- Host: the "who" of the epidemiologic triad
- Portals of entry and exit
- Incubation period
Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad AGENT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- is the physical, infectious, or chemical
factor that causes the
disease; an infectious organism. Biologic agents: viruses, bacteria, fungi, blood-borne or air-borne
pathogens. Chemical agents: asbestos, smoke, lead, mercury, chemo drugs. Physical agents:
temperature extremes, vibrations, noise, radiation, lighting. Psychosocial agents: assaults, stress, sexual
harassment
- Agent: the "what" of the epidemiologic triad
Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad ENVIRONMENT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- is the setting or surroundings
that sustain the host; where the agent and host interact. Physical factors: heat, odor, ventilation,
pollution, Social Factors: sanitation, overcrowding Psychological Factors: addictions, stress
Environment: the "where" of the epidemiologic triad, Reservoirs for microbes can be humans, animals,
plants, insects, water and soil
Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad VECTORS - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- are living organisms that can transmit
infectious Pathogens between humans, or from animals to humans (WHO) (mosquitos, ticks, flies, fleas)
mortality measures - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅look at photo
Reasons for drug resistance and who is most at risk NEED INFO - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
Chain of infection (know the elements and how infections are shared) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅look at
photo
Modes of transmission (include direct and indirect transmission) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅-
Airborne/droplet
- Foodborne
- Waterborne
- Vector-borne
- direct
indirect
direct mode of transmission - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅body surface to body surface, bird flu
indirect mode of transmission - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a susceptible host meets a contaminated
inanimate object, think surgical instrument, needles, toys, dirty clothing, food, water, also vectors
Types of precautions to use with various infections (standard vs airborne vs droplet) NEED MORE INFO -
CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Airborne: particles transmitted by air to host via droplets or particles
- Airborne particles travel greater than 3 feet. Measles, Chickenpox, TB, Covid: use N-95
Droplet particles travel less than 3 feet. Flu, pertussis, SARS: use surgical mask
What is active vs passive immunity and how is it obtained - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Active = EXPOSURE
to disease triggers immune system to produce antibodies, obtained via infection or immunization.
Protection = takes time to develop but is long lasting
Passive = a person is given antibodies, i.e. infants via placenta or immune globulin or antibodies for
covid. Protection = immediate but lasts just weeks to months
Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅host, agent, environment factors, vector
, Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad HOST - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- (HUMAN) = is the client whose health
status is of concern, the living being that an agent or the environment influences, can be the individual,
family, group of high-risk people or the community as a whole. Worker characteristics (job inexperience,
age, pregnancy, health status, work practices, lifestyle factors)
- Host: the "who" of the epidemiologic triad
- Portals of entry and exit
- Incubation period
Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad AGENT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- is the physical, infectious, or chemical
factor that causes the
disease; an infectious organism. Biologic agents: viruses, bacteria, fungi, blood-borne or air-borne
pathogens. Chemical agents: asbestos, smoke, lead, mercury, chemo drugs. Physical agents:
temperature extremes, vibrations, noise, radiation, lighting. Psychosocial agents: assaults, stress, sexual
harassment
- Agent: the "what" of the epidemiologic triad
Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad ENVIRONMENT - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- is the setting or surroundings
that sustain the host; where the agent and host interact. Physical factors: heat, odor, ventilation,
pollution, Social Factors: sanitation, overcrowding Psychological Factors: addictions, stress
Environment: the "where" of the epidemiologic triad, Reservoirs for microbes can be humans, animals,
plants, insects, water and soil
Epidemiologic Triangle/Triad VECTORS - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- are living organisms that can transmit
infectious Pathogens between humans, or from animals to humans (WHO) (mosquitos, ticks, flies, fleas)
mortality measures - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅look at photo
Reasons for drug resistance and who is most at risk NEED INFO - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅
