FINAL EXAM MGT 201 PRINCIPLES OF
MANAGEMENT EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ internal (push forces). Answer: -Characteristics of THE
INDIVIDUAL (examples)
Needs:
For security
For self-esteem
For achievement
For powerAttitudes
About self
About job
About supervisor
About organization
Goals:
Task completion
Performance level
Career advancement
,◉ external (pull forces). Answer: Characteristics of THE JOB
(examples):
Feedback- For security,For self-esteem
Work load
Tasks- Variety,Scope
Discretion-How job is performed
Characteristics of THE WORK SITUATION (examples):
Immediate social environment- Supervisor(s), Workgroup members,
Subordinates
Organizational actions- Rewards and compensation, Availability of
training, Pressure for high levels of output
◉ Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory. Answer: -Humans have five
needs arranged in hierarchy of strength and influence
Individuals:
-Satisfy most basic (prepotent) needs first
-Move to the next level of needs after preceding needs is satisfied
,pyramid (top to bottom):
self actualization, esteem, belongingness, safety, physiological
◉ two-factor theory. Answer: motivators and hygiene factors
Motivators: Factors directly related to doing a job
-recognition, achievement, growth, responsibility, nature of the work
Hygiene Factors: Elements associated with conditions surrounding
the job
Job: Relations with coworkers, Working conditions, Benefits,
Compensation, Supervision
◉ Effects of Hygiene Factors and Motivators. Answer: Hygiene-
Factors:
-Extrinsic factors related to conditions surrounding the job
-Hygiene factors must be satisfied first, leading to a state of being
neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Motivators:
-Intrinsic factors related to the doing of the job itself
, -From the state of being neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, motivators
can impel an employee's motivation and performance to higher
levels
◉ Equity Theory. Answer: Focuses on individuals' comparisons of
their own circumstances to those of others
-Inputs (age, experience, education, etc.)
-Outcomes (salary, benefits, titles, perks, etc.)
-Ratios of an individual's input/outcome versus that ratio of another
person or people
◉ equity theory if/is/then/and I am motivated to. Answer: if: The
ratio of my outcomes to my inputs
is: Equal to the ratio of the other's outcomes to inputs
then: I am satisfied
and i am motivated to: Do nothing.
if: The ratio of my outcomes to my inputs
is: Less than (<) the ratio of the other's outcomes to inputs
then: I feel dissatisfied
and i am motivated to: Choose between: Increasing my own
outcomes, Decreasing my own inputs, Reevaluating the other's
inputs, Changing the referent, Leaving the situation
MANAGEMENT EXAM SCRIPT 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ internal (push forces). Answer: -Characteristics of THE
INDIVIDUAL (examples)
Needs:
For security
For self-esteem
For achievement
For powerAttitudes
About self
About job
About supervisor
About organization
Goals:
Task completion
Performance level
Career advancement
,◉ external (pull forces). Answer: Characteristics of THE JOB
(examples):
Feedback- For security,For self-esteem
Work load
Tasks- Variety,Scope
Discretion-How job is performed
Characteristics of THE WORK SITUATION (examples):
Immediate social environment- Supervisor(s), Workgroup members,
Subordinates
Organizational actions- Rewards and compensation, Availability of
training, Pressure for high levels of output
◉ Maslow's Need Hierarchy Theory. Answer: -Humans have five
needs arranged in hierarchy of strength and influence
Individuals:
-Satisfy most basic (prepotent) needs first
-Move to the next level of needs after preceding needs is satisfied
,pyramid (top to bottom):
self actualization, esteem, belongingness, safety, physiological
◉ two-factor theory. Answer: motivators and hygiene factors
Motivators: Factors directly related to doing a job
-recognition, achievement, growth, responsibility, nature of the work
Hygiene Factors: Elements associated with conditions surrounding
the job
Job: Relations with coworkers, Working conditions, Benefits,
Compensation, Supervision
◉ Effects of Hygiene Factors and Motivators. Answer: Hygiene-
Factors:
-Extrinsic factors related to conditions surrounding the job
-Hygiene factors must be satisfied first, leading to a state of being
neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
Motivators:
-Intrinsic factors related to the doing of the job itself
, -From the state of being neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, motivators
can impel an employee's motivation and performance to higher
levels
◉ Equity Theory. Answer: Focuses on individuals' comparisons of
their own circumstances to those of others
-Inputs (age, experience, education, etc.)
-Outcomes (salary, benefits, titles, perks, etc.)
-Ratios of an individual's input/outcome versus that ratio of another
person or people
◉ equity theory if/is/then/and I am motivated to. Answer: if: The
ratio of my outcomes to my inputs
is: Equal to the ratio of the other's outcomes to inputs
then: I am satisfied
and i am motivated to: Do nothing.
if: The ratio of my outcomes to my inputs
is: Less than (<) the ratio of the other's outcomes to inputs
then: I feel dissatisfied
and i am motivated to: Choose between: Increasing my own
outcomes, Decreasing my own inputs, Reevaluating the other's
inputs, Changing the referent, Leaving the situation
