Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
Lecture 1 - Answer
Agencies that guide health care services: Globally: - Answer World Health Organization
Nationally: - Answer Public Health Agency of Canada. Chief Public Health Officer of Canada
Locally: - Answer Ministry of Health. BC Provincial Health Officer. BC Guiding Health
Framework. BCCDC - British Columbia Communicable Disease Center
Health Authorities -Community Health Centers and Primary care clinics
Primary Health Care - Answer It is the first level of contact of individual, the family, and the
community with the national health system, bringing health care as close as possible to where
people live and work and constitutes the first element of a continuing health care process
Primary health care includes - Answer primary care. It encompasses prevention, community
development and a wide range of community programs and services. (CRNBC, 2005)
universally accessible to individuals and families
Secondary Care: - Answer Screening and Referrals
Referrals to Specialists derived from Primary Care Providers
Such as:
Eating Disorder specialist
Mental Health specialist
Lactation Consultant
Palliative Care
Trans Care
Speech and Language
Audiology
Vision
Tertiary Care: - Answer Occurs when a hospitalized individual needs further specialized care,
Such as:
Dialysis
,Chemotherapy
Radiation
Burn care
Wound care or IV therapy treatments
Post stroke rehab
Diabetes management
Examples of Levels of Prevention Care in the Community
Primary - Answer Primary
: A community health nurse provides:
an influenza vaccination program in a community retirement facility.
Birth control and sexual transmitted infection medication to clients
Examples of Levels of Prevention Care in the Community
Primary
Secondary - Answer Secondary:
A community health nurse:
in partnership with the local police, organizes an infant and child-care seat safety screening
program for a group of parents in a low-income housing complex.
assists in screening patients for diabetes risks.
screens a client for their mental well being.
Tertiary - Answer Tertiary: A community health nurse:
helps set up a rehabilitation clinic for middle-aged adults residing in an apartment complex who
have type 2 diabetes and have experienced cerebral vascular accident.
provides wound care to client in an ambulatory care clinic.
5 Principles of Primary Health Care - Answer Accessibility
Appropriate technology
Health Promotion
Public Participation
Intersectoral cooperation
What's Happening Globally - Answer • A shift from secondary/tertiary care in hospitals to
primary, integrated, team-based care in the community.
, Primary Care clinics - Answer Ministry of Health - New initiative- Health Authorities
organizing primary care clinics in Community Health Centers
Ambulatory clinics
Interdisciplinary teams/Team Based Care
Focus on populations living in marginalized conditions not connected to Primary care service
provider
Decrease Emergency Room wait times and healthcare costs
Downtown Community Health Center, Heatley (Strathcona), 3 Bridges, Pender
Primary care health services include: - Answer medical exams; wound care; disease
prevention; diagnosis; immunization for adults; information, treatment and prevention for
sexually transmitted infections (STI), HIV and hepatitis; TB testing and care.
Examples of Team Based/Community Health Nursing - Answer Home Health -Ambulatory
Care - continuing care (AOA)
Infant, Child & Youth - Public health (Prevention)
Primary Care - Ambulatory clinics
Mental Health/Addiction teams
Outreach/Street Nursing team -situated in DTES
Residential Care
What Processes are Associated with Effective Team-Based Care
Tuckman's phases of team development - Answer Forming - establishing social ground rules
& learning each other's scope and roles
Storming - Working out conflict
Norming - Co-creating new norms, forging a collective identity, sharing critical information,
sharing decisions
Performing - Managing ambiguity, inviting innovation•
Lecture 2 - Answer • Define 'community' and the concept of community assessment
• Know the different components of community/population health assessment
• Understand the principles of a client centered approach
• Know how to conduct a community/population health assessment
• Identify and apply the key components of a community assessment
• Identify steps to make a community nursing diagnosis
• Begin collecting epidemiology data for clinical site