BIOL 2402 - HEART EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
Where is the heart located? - Answers Mediastinum
How much does the heart weigh? - Answers 250-350 grams
What is the pericardium? - Answers Membrane enclosing the heart.
Fibrous (external)
Serous (internal)
What is epicardium? - Answers Continous with serous pericardium
What fluid fills the pericardial cavity? - Answers Pericardial (serous) fluid
What is the myocardium? - Answers Cardiac muscle of heart with some connective tissue
What is the endocardium? - Answers Shiny, inner lining of the heart. Made up of simple squamous
epithelium.
T or F: The atria are inferior. - Answers False. The atria are superior and the ventricles are inferior.
Are the atriums the receiving or discharging chambers? - Answers Receiving chambers.
Are the ventricles the receiving or discharging chambers? - Answers Discharging (pumping) chambers.
What does the right atrium drain? - Answers The two venae cavae and coronary sinus (from
myocardium).
What drains the four pulmonary veins? - Answers Left atrium
The fossa ovals in septum is remnants of what? - Answers Foramen ovale
Right ventricle pumps to pulmonary trunk is the... - Answers Pulmonary circuit.
Left ventricle pumps too the aorta is the... - Answers Systemic circuit.
Trace the blood flow through the heart - Answers Right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle →
pulmonary valve → pulmonary circuit → left atrium → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve →
systemic circuit
What do heart valves do? - Answers Prevent back-flow into chambers the blood just left.
What valve is between the atria and ventricles? - Answers Atrioventricular valve (AV)
What is the name of the right AV valve? - Answers Tricuspid valve
What is the name of the left AV valve? - Answers Bicuspid or mitral valve
Bicep muscles are strong, bicuspid is on the strong side of the heart.
What valves are between ventricles and their arteries? - Answers Semilunar (SL) valves
What valve is between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk? - Answers Pulmonary semilunar valve
What valve is between the left ventricle and the aorta? - Answers Aortic semilunar valve
What is coronary circulation? - Answers Coronary arteries arise from base of aorta and supply the
heart with blood.
What does the left coronary artery branch into? - Answers Anterior interventricular artery and
circumflex artery
What does the right coronary artery branch into? - Answers Posterior interventricular artery and right
marginal artery
What do the coronary veins drain? - Answers Drain the myocardial capillaries → coronary sinus →
right atrium
Describe cardiac muscle - Answers Striated, mono or binuyleated, short, fat, branched
What connects muscle cells? - Answers Intercalated discs
What do intercalated discs do? - Answers Provide electrochemical connections via Gap junctions
Provide physical connections via Desmosomes
What percentage of cardiac cell is mitochondria? - Answers 25-35% of volume. Only 2% in skeletal
muscle.
T or F: Heart muscle is resistant to fatigue. - Answers True. Heart muscle is resistant to fatigue but
DEMANDS oxygen.
T or F: Cardiac muscle has very good anaerobic function. - Answers False. Cardiac muscle has very
poor anaerobic function.
What is autorhythmic? - Answers Spontaneously depolarizing and contracting
Why do the atria and ventricles contract as whole units? - Answers Due to interwoven branching
patterns and intercalated discs.
How long is the cardiac muscle absolute refractory period? - Answers 250 ms
Where is the heart located? - Answers Mediastinum
How much does the heart weigh? - Answers 250-350 grams
What is the pericardium? - Answers Membrane enclosing the heart.
Fibrous (external)
Serous (internal)
What is epicardium? - Answers Continous with serous pericardium
What fluid fills the pericardial cavity? - Answers Pericardial (serous) fluid
What is the myocardium? - Answers Cardiac muscle of heart with some connective tissue
What is the endocardium? - Answers Shiny, inner lining of the heart. Made up of simple squamous
epithelium.
T or F: The atria are inferior. - Answers False. The atria are superior and the ventricles are inferior.
Are the atriums the receiving or discharging chambers? - Answers Receiving chambers.
Are the ventricles the receiving or discharging chambers? - Answers Discharging (pumping) chambers.
What does the right atrium drain? - Answers The two venae cavae and coronary sinus (from
myocardium).
What drains the four pulmonary veins? - Answers Left atrium
The fossa ovals in septum is remnants of what? - Answers Foramen ovale
Right ventricle pumps to pulmonary trunk is the... - Answers Pulmonary circuit.
Left ventricle pumps too the aorta is the... - Answers Systemic circuit.
Trace the blood flow through the heart - Answers Right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle →
pulmonary valve → pulmonary circuit → left atrium → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve →
systemic circuit
What do heart valves do? - Answers Prevent back-flow into chambers the blood just left.
What valve is between the atria and ventricles? - Answers Atrioventricular valve (AV)
What is the name of the right AV valve? - Answers Tricuspid valve
What is the name of the left AV valve? - Answers Bicuspid or mitral valve
Bicep muscles are strong, bicuspid is on the strong side of the heart.
What valves are between ventricles and their arteries? - Answers Semilunar (SL) valves
What valve is between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk? - Answers Pulmonary semilunar valve
What valve is between the left ventricle and the aorta? - Answers Aortic semilunar valve
What is coronary circulation? - Answers Coronary arteries arise from base of aorta and supply the
heart with blood.
What does the left coronary artery branch into? - Answers Anterior interventricular artery and
circumflex artery
What does the right coronary artery branch into? - Answers Posterior interventricular artery and right
marginal artery
What do the coronary veins drain? - Answers Drain the myocardial capillaries → coronary sinus →
right atrium
Describe cardiac muscle - Answers Striated, mono or binuyleated, short, fat, branched
What connects muscle cells? - Answers Intercalated discs
What do intercalated discs do? - Answers Provide electrochemical connections via Gap junctions
Provide physical connections via Desmosomes
What percentage of cardiac cell is mitochondria? - Answers 25-35% of volume. Only 2% in skeletal
muscle.
T or F: Heart muscle is resistant to fatigue. - Answers True. Heart muscle is resistant to fatigue but
DEMANDS oxygen.
T or F: Cardiac muscle has very good anaerobic function. - Answers False. Cardiac muscle has very
poor anaerobic function.
What is autorhythmic? - Answers Spontaneously depolarizing and contracting
Why do the atria and ventricles contract as whole units? - Answers Due to interwoven branching
patterns and intercalated discs.
How long is the cardiac muscle absolute refractory period? - Answers 250 ms
