NURS6512 FINAL EXAM 2026 COMPREHENSIVE
PAPER SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ Cardiac Examination Findings for Rheumatic Fever. Answer:
Carditis
Mitral or Aortic Valve becomes stenotic and regurgitant.
Chest Pain
Palpitations
Murmurs of mitral regurgitation and aortic insufficiency
Cardiomegaly
Friction rub of pericarditis
Signs of CHF
◉ Types of Shortness of Breath. Answer: Orthopnea - Difficulty
Breathing While Lying Down
Platypnea - Shortness of breath is relieved when lying down or
worsens when standing up
Tachypnea - Faster than 20 breaths per minute
Bradypnea - Slower than 12 breaths per minute
◉ Cocaine Use Findings in Heart and Lungs. Answer: Severe, acute
chest pain.
, Tachycardia, HTN, Coronary Aterial Spasm (with Infarction), and
pneumothorax (lung collapse), with severe acute chest pain being
the common result.
◉ ECG. Answer: Records 2 basic events: depolarization, which is the
spread of a stimulus through the heart muscle, and the
repolarization, which is the return of the stimulated heart muscle to
a resting state.
P Wave-spread of a stimulus through the atria (atrial depolarization)
PR interval-time from initial stimulation of the atria to initial
stimulation of the ventricles usually 0.12-0.20 second
QRS complex-the spread of a stimulus through the ventricles
(ventricular depolarization), less than 0.12 second
ST segment and T wave-the return of stimulated ventricular muscle
to a resting state (ventricular repolarization)
U wave-a small deflection rarely seen just after the T wave, thought
to be related to repolarization of the Purkinje fibers. They are
commonly seen with bradycardia. This is also seen sometimes with
electrolyte abnormalities, hypothermia, and hypothyroidism.
QT interval-the time elapsed from the onset of ventricular
depolarization until the completion of ventricular repolarization.
The interval varies with the cardiac rate.
◉ Arterial Blood Flow in Infants. Answer: Blood flows from the R
atrium to the L atrium via the foramen ovale. The R ventricle pumps
blood through the patent ductus arteriosus rather thatn into the
PAPER SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
◉ Cardiac Examination Findings for Rheumatic Fever. Answer:
Carditis
Mitral or Aortic Valve becomes stenotic and regurgitant.
Chest Pain
Palpitations
Murmurs of mitral regurgitation and aortic insufficiency
Cardiomegaly
Friction rub of pericarditis
Signs of CHF
◉ Types of Shortness of Breath. Answer: Orthopnea - Difficulty
Breathing While Lying Down
Platypnea - Shortness of breath is relieved when lying down or
worsens when standing up
Tachypnea - Faster than 20 breaths per minute
Bradypnea - Slower than 12 breaths per minute
◉ Cocaine Use Findings in Heart and Lungs. Answer: Severe, acute
chest pain.
, Tachycardia, HTN, Coronary Aterial Spasm (with Infarction), and
pneumothorax (lung collapse), with severe acute chest pain being
the common result.
◉ ECG. Answer: Records 2 basic events: depolarization, which is the
spread of a stimulus through the heart muscle, and the
repolarization, which is the return of the stimulated heart muscle to
a resting state.
P Wave-spread of a stimulus through the atria (atrial depolarization)
PR interval-time from initial stimulation of the atria to initial
stimulation of the ventricles usually 0.12-0.20 second
QRS complex-the spread of a stimulus through the ventricles
(ventricular depolarization), less than 0.12 second
ST segment and T wave-the return of stimulated ventricular muscle
to a resting state (ventricular repolarization)
U wave-a small deflection rarely seen just after the T wave, thought
to be related to repolarization of the Purkinje fibers. They are
commonly seen with bradycardia. This is also seen sometimes with
electrolyte abnormalities, hypothermia, and hypothyroidism.
QT interval-the time elapsed from the onset of ventricular
depolarization until the completion of ventricular repolarization.
The interval varies with the cardiac rate.
◉ Arterial Blood Flow in Infants. Answer: Blood flows from the R
atrium to the L atrium via the foramen ovale. The R ventricle pumps
blood through the patent ductus arteriosus rather thatn into the
