BIOL 2402 EXAM 3 (LATEST UPDATE) REAL QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS |100% CORRECT | ALREADY
GRADED A
Objective 26.1a.1 List and describe the six general functions of the
digestive system Ans✓✓✓1. Ingestion: process of digesting and
absorbing nutrients
2. motility: mixing and moving materials through GI tract
3. Secretion: producing and releasing fluid products facilitating digestion
(enzymes, acids, bile)
4. Digestion: mechanical or chemical
5. Absorption: transport of digested molecules (electrolytes, vitamins,
water), from GI to blood or lymph
6. Elimination
Objective 26.1b.2 Identify the six organs that make up the
gastrointestinal (GI) tract Ans✓✓✓1. Oral Cavity
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small intestine
6. Large intestine and anus
Objective 26.1b.3 List the accessory organs and structures Ans✓✓✓1.
Salivary glands- create salivary amylase which digests carbohydrates
2. liver- processes, produces proteins, detoxifies
,3. pancreas- endocrine (insulin, SS, glucagon) and exocrine (enzymes)
4. teeth and tongue- mechanical digestion
5. gall bladder- concentrates and stores liver secretions (Bile)
Objective 26.1c.4 List and describe the four tunics (layers) that make up
the GI wall Ans✓✓✓1. Mucosa (inner lining)
A. epithelium: simple columnar epi for secretion and absorption and
lined with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
B. lamina propria: areolar tissue containing blood vessels and nerves
C. Muscularis Mucosae: smooth muscle, contractions that facilitate
release of secretions into lumen and increase contact of materials in
lumen with the mucosa
2. Submucosa
-Consist of areolar and dense irregular CT, blood vessels, lymph vessels,
and nerves, MALT
- Peyer Patches in small intestine
3. Muscularis (Perastalsis)
A. Inner Circular layer- contraction constricting the lumen tube
B. Outer longitudinal layer- cells are oriented lengthwise, contraction
shorting the tube
, C. Myenteric Nerve plexus- axons and ganglia between layers,
sphincters
4. Adventitia or Serous (Outermost layer)
-Adventitia: areolar CT, found outside peritoneal cavity
-Serous: areolar CT, completely covered by visceral peritoneum, found
within the peritoneal cavity
*Hepatic Portal System- main blood system for intestines
Objective 26.1c.5 Briefly describe the general process of absorption
Ans✓✓✓Digested substances are transported from the lumen of GI
through the epithelium
*most nutrients are absorbed into the blood capillaries
*Lipids and lipid soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K) are absorbed into the
lymphatic capillaries
Objective 26.1c.6 Explain the action of the muscularis Tunics Ans✓✓✓-
Helps propel within the GI tract
1. Peristalsis (moved slowly): alternating contractions of inner and outer
layers
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS |100% CORRECT | ALREADY
GRADED A
Objective 26.1a.1 List and describe the six general functions of the
digestive system Ans✓✓✓1. Ingestion: process of digesting and
absorbing nutrients
2. motility: mixing and moving materials through GI tract
3. Secretion: producing and releasing fluid products facilitating digestion
(enzymes, acids, bile)
4. Digestion: mechanical or chemical
5. Absorption: transport of digested molecules (electrolytes, vitamins,
water), from GI to blood or lymph
6. Elimination
Objective 26.1b.2 Identify the six organs that make up the
gastrointestinal (GI) tract Ans✓✓✓1. Oral Cavity
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small intestine
6. Large intestine and anus
Objective 26.1b.3 List the accessory organs and structures Ans✓✓✓1.
Salivary glands- create salivary amylase which digests carbohydrates
2. liver- processes, produces proteins, detoxifies
,3. pancreas- endocrine (insulin, SS, glucagon) and exocrine (enzymes)
4. teeth and tongue- mechanical digestion
5. gall bladder- concentrates and stores liver secretions (Bile)
Objective 26.1c.4 List and describe the four tunics (layers) that make up
the GI wall Ans✓✓✓1. Mucosa (inner lining)
A. epithelium: simple columnar epi for secretion and absorption and
lined with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
B. lamina propria: areolar tissue containing blood vessels and nerves
C. Muscularis Mucosae: smooth muscle, contractions that facilitate
release of secretions into lumen and increase contact of materials in
lumen with the mucosa
2. Submucosa
-Consist of areolar and dense irregular CT, blood vessels, lymph vessels,
and nerves, MALT
- Peyer Patches in small intestine
3. Muscularis (Perastalsis)
A. Inner Circular layer- contraction constricting the lumen tube
B. Outer longitudinal layer- cells are oriented lengthwise, contraction
shorting the tube
, C. Myenteric Nerve plexus- axons and ganglia between layers,
sphincters
4. Adventitia or Serous (Outermost layer)
-Adventitia: areolar CT, found outside peritoneal cavity
-Serous: areolar CT, completely covered by visceral peritoneum, found
within the peritoneal cavity
*Hepatic Portal System- main blood system for intestines
Objective 26.1c.5 Briefly describe the general process of absorption
Ans✓✓✓Digested substances are transported from the lumen of GI
through the epithelium
*most nutrients are absorbed into the blood capillaries
*Lipids and lipid soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K) are absorbed into the
lymphatic capillaries
Objective 26.1c.6 Explain the action of the muscularis Tunics Ans✓✓✓-
Helps propel within the GI tract
1. Peristalsis (moved slowly): alternating contractions of inner and outer
layers
