INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 12TH
EDITION JON PEVEHOUSE JOSHUA
GOLDSTEIN TEST BANK ALL CHAPTERS
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COMPLETE ANSWERS ACCURATE
⫸ International Relations. Answer: International relations (IR) or
international affairs is a field of political science that studies
relationships among countries, the roles of sovereign states, inter-
governmental organizations (IGOs), international non-governmental
organizations (INs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and
multinational corporations (MNCs). International relations is an
academic and a public policy field, and so can be positive and
normative, because it analyzes and formulates the foreign policy of a
given State.
⫸ Realism. Answer: A particular view of the world, or paradigm,
defined by the following assumptions: the international realm is anarchic
and consists of independent political units called states; states are the
primary actors and inherently possess some offensive military capability
or power which makes them potentially dangerous to each other; states
can never be sure about the intentions of other states; the basic motive
driving states is survival or the maintenance of sovereignty; states are
instrumentally rational and think strategically about how to survive.
, ⫸ Liberalism. Answer: A political theory founded on the natural
goodness of humans and the autonomy of the individual. It favours civil
and political liberties, government by law with the consent of the
governed, and protection from arbitrary authority. In IR liberalism
covers a fairly broad perspective ranging from Wilsonian Idealism
through to contemporary neo-liberal theories and the democratic peace
thesis. Here states are but one actor in world politics, and even states can
cooperate together through institutional mechanisms and bargaining that
undermine the propensity to base interests simply in military terms.
States are interdependent and other actors such as Transnational
Corporations, the IMF and the United Nations play a role.
⫸ Constructivism. Answer: Constructivist theory rejects the basic
assumption of neo-realist theory that the state of anarchy (lack of a
higher authority or government) is a structural condition inherent in the
system of states. Rather, it argues, in Alexander Wendt's words, that
'Anarchy is what states make of it'. That is, anarchy is a condition of the
system of states because states in some sense 'choose' to make it so.
Anarchy is the result of a process that constructs the rules or norms that
govern the interaction of states. The condition of the system of states
today as self-helpers in the midst of anarchy is a result of the process by
which states and the system of states was constructed. It is not an
inherent fact of state-to-state relations. Thus, constructivist theory holds
that it is possible to change the anarchic nature of the system of states.
⫸ Security Dilemma. Answer: A security dilemma refers to a situation
wherein two or more states are drawn into conflict, possibly even war,
over security concerns, even though none of the states actually desire
conflict. Essentially, the security dilemma occurs when two or more
states each feel insecure in relation to other states. None of the states
involved want relations to deteriorate, let alone for war to be declared,
EDITION JON PEVEHOUSE JOSHUA
GOLDSTEIN TEST BANK ALL CHAPTERS
100% ORIGINAL VERIFIED A+
COMPREHENSIVE TEST PAPER 2026
COMPLETE ANSWERS ACCURATE
⫸ International Relations. Answer: International relations (IR) or
international affairs is a field of political science that studies
relationships among countries, the roles of sovereign states, inter-
governmental organizations (IGOs), international non-governmental
organizations (INs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and
multinational corporations (MNCs). International relations is an
academic and a public policy field, and so can be positive and
normative, because it analyzes and formulates the foreign policy of a
given State.
⫸ Realism. Answer: A particular view of the world, or paradigm,
defined by the following assumptions: the international realm is anarchic
and consists of independent political units called states; states are the
primary actors and inherently possess some offensive military capability
or power which makes them potentially dangerous to each other; states
can never be sure about the intentions of other states; the basic motive
driving states is survival or the maintenance of sovereignty; states are
instrumentally rational and think strategically about how to survive.
, ⫸ Liberalism. Answer: A political theory founded on the natural
goodness of humans and the autonomy of the individual. It favours civil
and political liberties, government by law with the consent of the
governed, and protection from arbitrary authority. In IR liberalism
covers a fairly broad perspective ranging from Wilsonian Idealism
through to contemporary neo-liberal theories and the democratic peace
thesis. Here states are but one actor in world politics, and even states can
cooperate together through institutional mechanisms and bargaining that
undermine the propensity to base interests simply in military terms.
States are interdependent and other actors such as Transnational
Corporations, the IMF and the United Nations play a role.
⫸ Constructivism. Answer: Constructivist theory rejects the basic
assumption of neo-realist theory that the state of anarchy (lack of a
higher authority or government) is a structural condition inherent in the
system of states. Rather, it argues, in Alexander Wendt's words, that
'Anarchy is what states make of it'. That is, anarchy is a condition of the
system of states because states in some sense 'choose' to make it so.
Anarchy is the result of a process that constructs the rules or norms that
govern the interaction of states. The condition of the system of states
today as self-helpers in the midst of anarchy is a result of the process by
which states and the system of states was constructed. It is not an
inherent fact of state-to-state relations. Thus, constructivist theory holds
that it is possible to change the anarchic nature of the system of states.
⫸ Security Dilemma. Answer: A security dilemma refers to a situation
wherein two or more states are drawn into conflict, possibly even war,
over security concerns, even though none of the states actually desire
conflict. Essentially, the security dilemma occurs when two or more
states each feel insecure in relation to other states. None of the states
involved want relations to deteriorate, let alone for war to be declared,
