BIOLOGY PLACEMENT TEST REVIEW| TOP SCORES
MADE SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN RELY ON!
Atom Answer: Smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical
properties of an element.
The three subatomic particles that makeup an atom are? Answer: Protons (positively
charged)
Neutrons (uncharged)
Electrons (negatively charged)
What is the circle around the nucleus of the atom? Answer: Electron shell, which
represents the average location of electrons.
Atomic #? Answer: # of protons
Mass #? Answer: The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
To determine the # of neutrons you? Answer: Subtract the # of protons from the atomic
mass, and take the closest whole #.
Isotope? Answer: Same # of protons. Different number of neutrons.
Atoms bond with one another to form a chemical unit called? Answer: Molecule
Atoms with more than one shell are most stable when the outer most shell also called ?
contains eight electrons Answer: Valence shell.
Ions Answer: Particles that carry either a positive or negative charge.
Ionic bond Answer: Atoms give or take on an electron or electrons to achieve a stable
valence shell. It is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to
another. An atom that loses electrons has a positive charge. An atom that gains an electron
has a negative charge.
Covalent bond? Answer: Atoms share electrons equally.
Polar molecule? Answer: Its a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
because the elements have different electronegtaives one end is slightly negative and the
other is slightly positive. So they are considered partial charges and denoted by delta plus
and delta minus.
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Hydrogen bond? Answer: The attraction of a partially positive covalently bonded hydrogen
to a partially negative atoms in the vicinity. Not as strong as a ionic or covalent bond. It is a
weak bond that can break easily. It will bond to anything that is more electronegative
(electron greedy) than it is so it can form a hydrogen bond.
Molecules that can attract water are said to be? Answer: Hydrophilic
Molecules that cannot attract water are said to be? Answer: Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic molecules tend to attract? Answer: other polar molecules.
Hydrophobic molecules tend to attract other? Answer: non polar molecules
Example of polar molecules and non polar molecules? Answer: 1. Water is polar
2. Oils like vegetable oils. Which is why it does not mix well in water.
Cohesion Answer: The ability of water molecules to cling to each other due to hydrogen
bonding
Adhesion Answer: Refers to the ability of water molecules to cling to other polar surfaces.
This is a result of water polarity.
Surface tension Answer: caused by the attraction between the molecules of the liquid by
various intermolecular forces.
Acids Answer: Substances that dissociates (proton donor) in water releasing hydrogen ions
(H+)
Bases Answer: Substances that either take up hydrogen ions or release hydroxide ions
(OH-). (proton acceptor).
PH scale? Answer: Indicate the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a solution.
Buffer? Answer: Controls Ph through dissolved compounds. Prevents sudden changed in
Ph.
Suspension Answer: Mixtures of water and non dissolved material.
Hydrogen bond is the most specific to? Answer: Water
Hydrolysis reaction? Answer: In which the components of water are added during the
breaking of the bond between the molecules.
What Eukaryotic cell has a cell wall? Answer: The plant cell. The cellulose commonly
called fiber is found in a plant cell walls.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, You cannot find a cell wall in what Eukaryotic cells? Answer: Human and animal cells.
Nucleic acids are? Answer: Polymers of nucleotide that store information including
instructions for life and conduct chemical reactions.
DNA and RNA are? Answer: Nucleic acids
DNA Answer: Deoxyribonucleic acid, stores information about how to copy or replicate
itself but also specifies the order in which amino acids are to be joined to make a protein.
RNA Answer: Ribonucleic acid. Working copy of a single gene. Involved in one job-protein
synthesis.
Messenger RNA Answer: Mrna is a temporary copy of a gene in the DNA that specifies
which amino acid sequence wil be during the process of protein synthesis.
Transfer RNA Answer: tRNA, necessary in synthesizing proteins and helps translate the
sequence of nucleic acids in a gene into the correct sequence of amino acid during protein
synthesis.
Ribosomal RNA Answer: rRNA works as an enzyme to form the peptide bonds between
amino acids in a polypeptide.
ATP Answer: Adenosinetriphosphate is a nucleotide that stores large amounts of energy
needed for synthetic reactions and for various other energy requiring processes in cells.
Each nucleotide is a molecular complex of three types of subunit molecules called?
Answer: 1. a pentose (5 carbon sugar), phosphate group, and a nitrogenous bases
(nitrogen containing base).
The nucleotides in DNA contain? Answer: 1. The sugar deoxyribose
2.Phosphate group
3.4 kinds of nitrogenous bases called Adenine and thymine. Guanine and cytosine.
The nucleotides in RNA contain? Answer: 1. The sugar ribose
2. A phosphate group
3.Rna contains uracil instead of thymine. So Adenine and uracil. Guanine and cytosine.
Two of the nitrogenous bases adenine and guanine belong to a group of compounds known
as? Answer: Purines (two ring in their structures)
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
MADE SIMPLE | TRUSTED TEST SOLUTIONS!
QUALITY CONTENT YOU CAN RELY ON!
Atom Answer: Smallest unit of an element that still retains the chemical and physical
properties of an element.
The three subatomic particles that makeup an atom are? Answer: Protons (positively
charged)
Neutrons (uncharged)
Electrons (negatively charged)
What is the circle around the nucleus of the atom? Answer: Electron shell, which
represents the average location of electrons.
Atomic #? Answer: # of protons
Mass #? Answer: The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
To determine the # of neutrons you? Answer: Subtract the # of protons from the atomic
mass, and take the closest whole #.
Isotope? Answer: Same # of protons. Different number of neutrons.
Atoms bond with one another to form a chemical unit called? Answer: Molecule
Atoms with more than one shell are most stable when the outer most shell also called ?
contains eight electrons Answer: Valence shell.
Ions Answer: Particles that carry either a positive or negative charge.
Ionic bond Answer: Atoms give or take on an electron or electrons to achieve a stable
valence shell. It is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to
another. An atom that loses electrons has a positive charge. An atom that gains an electron
has a negative charge.
Covalent bond? Answer: Atoms share electrons equally.
Polar molecule? Answer: Its a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
because the elements have different electronegtaives one end is slightly negative and the
other is slightly positive. So they are considered partial charges and denoted by delta plus
and delta minus.
1
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
,Hydrogen bond? Answer: The attraction of a partially positive covalently bonded hydrogen
to a partially negative atoms in the vicinity. Not as strong as a ionic or covalent bond. It is a
weak bond that can break easily. It will bond to anything that is more electronegative
(electron greedy) than it is so it can form a hydrogen bond.
Molecules that can attract water are said to be? Answer: Hydrophilic
Molecules that cannot attract water are said to be? Answer: Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic molecules tend to attract? Answer: other polar molecules.
Hydrophobic molecules tend to attract other? Answer: non polar molecules
Example of polar molecules and non polar molecules? Answer: 1. Water is polar
2. Oils like vegetable oils. Which is why it does not mix well in water.
Cohesion Answer: The ability of water molecules to cling to each other due to hydrogen
bonding
Adhesion Answer: Refers to the ability of water molecules to cling to other polar surfaces.
This is a result of water polarity.
Surface tension Answer: caused by the attraction between the molecules of the liquid by
various intermolecular forces.
Acids Answer: Substances that dissociates (proton donor) in water releasing hydrogen ions
(H+)
Bases Answer: Substances that either take up hydrogen ions or release hydroxide ions
(OH-). (proton acceptor).
PH scale? Answer: Indicate the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a solution.
Buffer? Answer: Controls Ph through dissolved compounds. Prevents sudden changed in
Ph.
Suspension Answer: Mixtures of water and non dissolved material.
Hydrogen bond is the most specific to? Answer: Water
Hydrolysis reaction? Answer: In which the components of water are added during the
breaking of the bond between the molecules.
What Eukaryotic cell has a cell wall? Answer: The plant cell. The cellulose commonly
called fiber is found in a plant cell walls.
2
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
, You cannot find a cell wall in what Eukaryotic cells? Answer: Human and animal cells.
Nucleic acids are? Answer: Polymers of nucleotide that store information including
instructions for life and conduct chemical reactions.
DNA and RNA are? Answer: Nucleic acids
DNA Answer: Deoxyribonucleic acid, stores information about how to copy or replicate
itself but also specifies the order in which amino acids are to be joined to make a protein.
RNA Answer: Ribonucleic acid. Working copy of a single gene. Involved in one job-protein
synthesis.
Messenger RNA Answer: Mrna is a temporary copy of a gene in the DNA that specifies
which amino acid sequence wil be during the process of protein synthesis.
Transfer RNA Answer: tRNA, necessary in synthesizing proteins and helps translate the
sequence of nucleic acids in a gene into the correct sequence of amino acid during protein
synthesis.
Ribosomal RNA Answer: rRNA works as an enzyme to form the peptide bonds between
amino acids in a polypeptide.
ATP Answer: Adenosinetriphosphate is a nucleotide that stores large amounts of energy
needed for synthetic reactions and for various other energy requiring processes in cells.
Each nucleotide is a molecular complex of three types of subunit molecules called?
Answer: 1. a pentose (5 carbon sugar), phosphate group, and a nitrogenous bases
(nitrogen containing base).
The nucleotides in DNA contain? Answer: 1. The sugar deoxyribose
2.Phosphate group
3.4 kinds of nitrogenous bases called Adenine and thymine. Guanine and cytosine.
The nucleotides in RNA contain? Answer: 1. The sugar ribose
2. A phosphate group
3.Rna contains uracil instead of thymine. So Adenine and uracil. Guanine and cytosine.
Two of the nitrogenous bases adenine and guanine belong to a group of compounds known
as? Answer: Purines (two ring in their structures)
3
APPHIA - Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
