NUR 114 Final Exam questions with
100% verified guaranteed pass
2025\2026- 35
at least one week long manic episode that results in excessive activity. Mostly mania with mix of
depression - correct answers Bipolar I disorder characterized by
euphoric or dysphoric - correct answers Mania can be
mostly depression and hypomania. Early ages of 20 and 60 years old. Not severe enough to impair
social/occupational life. - correct answers Bipolar II disorder
cycle in and out of hypomania (no delusions and hallucinations) and depression. Two years for an adult,
1 year for a child - correct answers Cyclothymic disorder
among females - correct answers Bipolar II disorders are more common
have another psychiatric disorder, most being panic attacks, social phobia, etc. - correct answers More
than half the people with bipolar disorder have
heritability - correct answers Bipolar disorders have a strong
genetic predisposition or chemical imbalance may never experience symptoms, until an event triggers
the disorder. - correct answers Diathesis stress model
upper socioeconomic classes - correct answers Bipolar disorder may be more common in
,preventing suicide attempts, alcohol/substance abuse, marital/work problems, etc. - correct answers For
Bipolar, Early diagnosis and treatment is key in
○ Mood - highly unstable. May laugh or joke or speak in a continuous stream. Mood can quickly change
to irritation or anger. Patients have high self confidence and know no strangers. Excessive spending,
elaborate schemes.
○ Behavior- constant activity and reduced need for sleep prevent proper rest. Non stop physical activity
can lead to physical exhaustion and death if not treated; this is an EMERGENCY! Act on impulses.
○ Thought processes and speech patterns- flight of ideas is continuous flow of accelerated speech-
change in topic and plays on word. Speech is usually loud, vulgar and sexua. Clang associations are
stringing words together based on their rhyming sounds. - correct answers Mania characteristics
a danger to self or others - correct answers For Mania, Always assess if the patient is
SET LIMITS! Consistency is key among staff if limit setting is to be carried out consistently. - correct
answers With people with mania, nurses need to
RISK FOR INJURY - correct answers Big diagnosis for mania is
primary outcome is injury prevention- stabilizing the patient (hydrating, maintaining cardiac status,
getting enough sleep and rest) - correct answers Acute phase
focuses on adhering to the medication regimen and preventing relapse - correct answers Continuation
phase
focuses on relapse prevention and limitation of further episodes - correct answers Maintenance therapy
use Lithium and Lamictal are the first line of treatment for someone with bipolar disorder - correct
answers Meds to use during acute phase
naturally occurring salt in the body- effective in tx of bipolar I disorder- start low and go slow- takes
about 10-21 days to be effective- must reach therapeutic level to be effective (7-14 days)- 0.4-1.3
mEq/L-levels should not exceed 1.5 (considered toxic)- Should be taken 5 days after beginning lithium
,therapy- after therapeutic levels are reached, check every month- after 6 months of stability, levels
should be checked every 3 months. Risks are hypothyroidism and impairment of the kidneys. Be sure
patients know they need to continually take medication. IF DIARRHEA, VOMITING OR SWEATING
OCCURS STOP LITHIUM AND CONTACT YOUR PHYSICIAN. Take with meal, do not take with diuretics. -
correct answers Lithium
effective at diminishing impulsive and aggressive behaviors in pts who are not psychotic- Valproate
(Depakote)- monitor liver function and platelet count - correct answers Anticonvulsant drugs
should be avoided in patients with h/o substance abuse. Clonazepam (Klonopin) and Lorazepam (Ativan)
- correct answers Antianxiety drugs
can be used to subdue manic behavior and severe depression- side effect is memory loss
induces a seizure - patient will complain about a h/a, and may be confused or disoriented for several
hours. - correct answers ECT
NEVER TO BE USED AS PUNISHMENT - correct answers SECLUSION AND RESTRAINTS ARE
check every 15 minutes, offer food and fluids every 30 minutes - correct answers If a patient is secluded
persistent depressed mood lasting longer than 2 weeks
○ Accompanied by a lack of interest in previous pleasurable activity (anhedonia), fatigue, sleep
disturbances, changes in appetite, feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness.
○ Complain of problems with family and friends, inability to concentrate and make decisions,
psychomotor agitation (restless, fidgety, wringing of hands). Can be preoccupied with death - correct
answers Major depressive disorder
is a red flag for depression - correct answers Terminal insomnia (early morning awakening)
in children b/w the ages of 6 and 18- frequent temper tantrums resulting in verbal or behavioral
outbursts. - correct answers Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
feelings of depression consistently for at least 2 years - correct answers Dysthymic disorders
, occurs during week prior to menstrual cycle- sx similar to major depression and interfere with person's
life. - correct answers Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Parkinson's, kidney failure, etc. - correct answers Depressive disorder associate with another medical
condition
recurrence is high - correct answers If depression occurs in childhood or adolescence
people who have positive thoughts will experience positive emotions, people who have negative
thoughts will experience negative emotions - correct answers Cognitive theory
a person believes that when something bad happens it is his/her fault and nothing at all can be done to
change it! Common in the ELDERLY - correct answers Learned helplessness
sleep, regulates appetite, sex drive - correct answers Serotonin
attention and behavior - correct answers Norepinephrine
lack of physical energy - correct answers Anergia
pacing or wringing of hands - correct answers Psychomotor agitation
slowed movements - correct answers Psychomotor retardation
h/a, malaise, backaches - correct answers Somatic complaints
changes in BM, eating habits, sleep disturbance and disinterest in sex. - correct answers Vegetative signs
of depression
100% verified guaranteed pass
2025\2026- 35
at least one week long manic episode that results in excessive activity. Mostly mania with mix of
depression - correct answers Bipolar I disorder characterized by
euphoric or dysphoric - correct answers Mania can be
mostly depression and hypomania. Early ages of 20 and 60 years old. Not severe enough to impair
social/occupational life. - correct answers Bipolar II disorder
cycle in and out of hypomania (no delusions and hallucinations) and depression. Two years for an adult,
1 year for a child - correct answers Cyclothymic disorder
among females - correct answers Bipolar II disorders are more common
have another psychiatric disorder, most being panic attacks, social phobia, etc. - correct answers More
than half the people with bipolar disorder have
heritability - correct answers Bipolar disorders have a strong
genetic predisposition or chemical imbalance may never experience symptoms, until an event triggers
the disorder. - correct answers Diathesis stress model
upper socioeconomic classes - correct answers Bipolar disorder may be more common in
,preventing suicide attempts, alcohol/substance abuse, marital/work problems, etc. - correct answers For
Bipolar, Early diagnosis and treatment is key in
○ Mood - highly unstable. May laugh or joke or speak in a continuous stream. Mood can quickly change
to irritation or anger. Patients have high self confidence and know no strangers. Excessive spending,
elaborate schemes.
○ Behavior- constant activity and reduced need for sleep prevent proper rest. Non stop physical activity
can lead to physical exhaustion and death if not treated; this is an EMERGENCY! Act on impulses.
○ Thought processes and speech patterns- flight of ideas is continuous flow of accelerated speech-
change in topic and plays on word. Speech is usually loud, vulgar and sexua. Clang associations are
stringing words together based on their rhyming sounds. - correct answers Mania characteristics
a danger to self or others - correct answers For Mania, Always assess if the patient is
SET LIMITS! Consistency is key among staff if limit setting is to be carried out consistently. - correct
answers With people with mania, nurses need to
RISK FOR INJURY - correct answers Big diagnosis for mania is
primary outcome is injury prevention- stabilizing the patient (hydrating, maintaining cardiac status,
getting enough sleep and rest) - correct answers Acute phase
focuses on adhering to the medication regimen and preventing relapse - correct answers Continuation
phase
focuses on relapse prevention and limitation of further episodes - correct answers Maintenance therapy
use Lithium and Lamictal are the first line of treatment for someone with bipolar disorder - correct
answers Meds to use during acute phase
naturally occurring salt in the body- effective in tx of bipolar I disorder- start low and go slow- takes
about 10-21 days to be effective- must reach therapeutic level to be effective (7-14 days)- 0.4-1.3
mEq/L-levels should not exceed 1.5 (considered toxic)- Should be taken 5 days after beginning lithium
,therapy- after therapeutic levels are reached, check every month- after 6 months of stability, levels
should be checked every 3 months. Risks are hypothyroidism and impairment of the kidneys. Be sure
patients know they need to continually take medication. IF DIARRHEA, VOMITING OR SWEATING
OCCURS STOP LITHIUM AND CONTACT YOUR PHYSICIAN. Take with meal, do not take with diuretics. -
correct answers Lithium
effective at diminishing impulsive and aggressive behaviors in pts who are not psychotic- Valproate
(Depakote)- monitor liver function and platelet count - correct answers Anticonvulsant drugs
should be avoided in patients with h/o substance abuse. Clonazepam (Klonopin) and Lorazepam (Ativan)
- correct answers Antianxiety drugs
can be used to subdue manic behavior and severe depression- side effect is memory loss
induces a seizure - patient will complain about a h/a, and may be confused or disoriented for several
hours. - correct answers ECT
NEVER TO BE USED AS PUNISHMENT - correct answers SECLUSION AND RESTRAINTS ARE
check every 15 minutes, offer food and fluids every 30 minutes - correct answers If a patient is secluded
persistent depressed mood lasting longer than 2 weeks
○ Accompanied by a lack of interest in previous pleasurable activity (anhedonia), fatigue, sleep
disturbances, changes in appetite, feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness.
○ Complain of problems with family and friends, inability to concentrate and make decisions,
psychomotor agitation (restless, fidgety, wringing of hands). Can be preoccupied with death - correct
answers Major depressive disorder
is a red flag for depression - correct answers Terminal insomnia (early morning awakening)
in children b/w the ages of 6 and 18- frequent temper tantrums resulting in verbal or behavioral
outbursts. - correct answers Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
feelings of depression consistently for at least 2 years - correct answers Dysthymic disorders
, occurs during week prior to menstrual cycle- sx similar to major depression and interfere with person's
life. - correct answers Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Parkinson's, kidney failure, etc. - correct answers Depressive disorder associate with another medical
condition
recurrence is high - correct answers If depression occurs in childhood or adolescence
people who have positive thoughts will experience positive emotions, people who have negative
thoughts will experience negative emotions - correct answers Cognitive theory
a person believes that when something bad happens it is his/her fault and nothing at all can be done to
change it! Common in the ELDERLY - correct answers Learned helplessness
sleep, regulates appetite, sex drive - correct answers Serotonin
attention and behavior - correct answers Norepinephrine
lack of physical energy - correct answers Anergia
pacing or wringing of hands - correct answers Psychomotor agitation
slowed movements - correct answers Psychomotor retardation
h/a, malaise, backaches - correct answers Somatic complaints
changes in BM, eating habits, sleep disturbance and disinterest in sex. - correct answers Vegetative signs
of depression
