OCR A Level Geography Paper 3 -
|| || || || || || ||
Climate Change questions with || || || ||
answers ||
climate change facts - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- could be
|| || || || || || ||
irreversible by 2030
|| || || ||
- since 1990 50% coral reefs died
|| || || || || || ||
- at current rate of resource consumption, will need 1.7
|| || || || || || || || || ||
earths ||
- typically 5 species die a year, now 50,000
|| || || || || || || ||
- 200mill will be displaced
|| || || ||
climate change solutions on a local scale - CORRECT
|| || || || || || || || ||
ANSWER(S)✔✔- changing diet; eating less meat and local || || || || || || || ||
food ||
- buying fewer new things
|| || || || ||
- recycling; re-using materials uses less energy and
|| || || || || || || ||
creates less pollution || ||
- insulating homes; sealing off drafts can bills by 5-30%
|| || || || || || || || ||
climate change solutions on a national scale (the UK) -
|| || || || || || || || || ||
CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- building regulations ensure
|| || || || ||
,new homes/ offices conform to min standards of heat
|| || || || || || || || ||
insulation
- energy performance certificates required for all new
|| || || || || || || ||
buildings since 2008 || ||
- government, local authorities and energy companies
|| || || || || || ||
provide financial incentives to eligible households to
|| || || || || || ||
insulate lofts and cavity walls|| || || ||
climate change solutions on a intentional scale - the Kyoto
|| || || || || || || || ||
Protocol (2013-2020) - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- second
|| || || || || || ||
commitment mainly led by EU countries || || || || || ||
- although supported by many AC's, they account for only
|| || || || || || || || || ||
14% of carbon emissions, as USA and LICs not part
|| || || || || || || || ||
- target of 5% reductions in carbon emissions; many
|| || || || || || || || ||
countries, particularly EU, achieved this || || || || ||
- led to Paris conference in 2015
|| || || || || ||
Quaternary period - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔the period || || || || || ||
over the past 2.5 million years with numerous transitions
|| || || || || || || || ||
from cold to warm conditions
|| || || ||
- just 20,000 years ago, ice sheets covered most of
|| || || || || || || || || ||
northwest Europe || ||
- today, ice sheets and glaciers shrinking and global
|| || || || || || || || ||
temperatures rising at unprecedented rate || || || ||
,sea floor sediments - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- fossil
|| || || || || || ||
shells of tiny sea creatures (foraminifera)
|| || || || ||
- their chemical composition indicates the ocean temps in
|| || || || || || || ||
which they are formed
|| || || ||
ice cores - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- contain tiny bubbles
|| || || || || || || ||
of air; records of gaseous composition of atmosphere in
|| || || || || || || || ||
past ||
- relative frequency of hydrogen and oxygen atoms which
|| || || || || || || || ||
stable isotopes can be measured || || || ||
- the colder the climate, the lower the frequency of these
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
isotopes
lake sediments: pollen - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- pollen
|| || || || || || ||
analysis identifies past vegetation types, can infer
|| || || || || || ||
paleoclimatic conditions ||
- pollen diagrams show number of identified pollen in
|| || || || || || || || ||
different pollen types in sediment layers || || || || ||
lake sediments: varve - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- tiny
|| || || || || || ||
layers of lake sediment comprising alternating light and
|| || || || || || || ||
dark bands ||
- light bands, formed from coarse sediment, indicate high
|| || || || || || || || ||
energy, meltwater run-off in spring and summer
|| || || || || || ||
, - dark bands, made up of fine sediment, show
|| || || || || || || || ||
decomposition during winter || ||
tree rings - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- vary in width each
|| || || || || || || || ||
year depending on temp and moisture availability
|| || || || || ||
fossils - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- plants and animals
|| || || || || || ||
require specific environmental conditions to thrive e.g.
|| || || || || || ||
coral reef ||
- where they exist in fossil records, they can be used to
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
measure climate ||
- animals are more adaptable
|| || || ||
- however, some herbivorous dinosaur species only
|| || || || || || ||
survived in sub-tropical habitats || || ||
fluctuations in earth's climate in the past - CORRECT || || || || || || || || ||
ANSWER(S)✔✔- between greenhouse and icehouse || || || || ||
conditions
- during greenhouse conditions, atmospheric co2
|| || || || || ||
concentration, global temps and sea levels high || || || || || ||
- during icehouse, large parts of continental surface
|| || || || || || || ||
submerged by ice || ||
- glacial and interglacial periods occur in icehouse phases
|| || || || || || || || ||
but on a much smaller scale; most recent lasted about 1
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
million yrs ||
|| || || || || || ||
Climate Change questions with || || || ||
answers ||
climate change facts - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- could be
|| || || || || || ||
irreversible by 2030
|| || || ||
- since 1990 50% coral reefs died
|| || || || || || ||
- at current rate of resource consumption, will need 1.7
|| || || || || || || || || ||
earths ||
- typically 5 species die a year, now 50,000
|| || || || || || || ||
- 200mill will be displaced
|| || || ||
climate change solutions on a local scale - CORRECT
|| || || || || || || || ||
ANSWER(S)✔✔- changing diet; eating less meat and local || || || || || || || ||
food ||
- buying fewer new things
|| || || || ||
- recycling; re-using materials uses less energy and
|| || || || || || || ||
creates less pollution || ||
- insulating homes; sealing off drafts can bills by 5-30%
|| || || || || || || || ||
climate change solutions on a national scale (the UK) -
|| || || || || || || || || ||
CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- building regulations ensure
|| || || || ||
,new homes/ offices conform to min standards of heat
|| || || || || || || || ||
insulation
- energy performance certificates required for all new
|| || || || || || || ||
buildings since 2008 || ||
- government, local authorities and energy companies
|| || || || || || ||
provide financial incentives to eligible households to
|| || || || || || ||
insulate lofts and cavity walls|| || || ||
climate change solutions on a intentional scale - the Kyoto
|| || || || || || || || ||
Protocol (2013-2020) - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- second
|| || || || || || ||
commitment mainly led by EU countries || || || || || ||
- although supported by many AC's, they account for only
|| || || || || || || || || ||
14% of carbon emissions, as USA and LICs not part
|| || || || || || || || ||
- target of 5% reductions in carbon emissions; many
|| || || || || || || || ||
countries, particularly EU, achieved this || || || || ||
- led to Paris conference in 2015
|| || || || || ||
Quaternary period - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔the period || || || || || ||
over the past 2.5 million years with numerous transitions
|| || || || || || || || ||
from cold to warm conditions
|| || || ||
- just 20,000 years ago, ice sheets covered most of
|| || || || || || || || || ||
northwest Europe || ||
- today, ice sheets and glaciers shrinking and global
|| || || || || || || || ||
temperatures rising at unprecedented rate || || || ||
,sea floor sediments - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- fossil
|| || || || || || ||
shells of tiny sea creatures (foraminifera)
|| || || || ||
- their chemical composition indicates the ocean temps in
|| || || || || || || ||
which they are formed
|| || || ||
ice cores - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- contain tiny bubbles
|| || || || || || || ||
of air; records of gaseous composition of atmosphere in
|| || || || || || || || ||
past ||
- relative frequency of hydrogen and oxygen atoms which
|| || || || || || || || ||
stable isotopes can be measured || || || ||
- the colder the climate, the lower the frequency of these
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
isotopes
lake sediments: pollen - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- pollen
|| || || || || || ||
analysis identifies past vegetation types, can infer
|| || || || || || ||
paleoclimatic conditions ||
- pollen diagrams show number of identified pollen in
|| || || || || || || || ||
different pollen types in sediment layers || || || || ||
lake sediments: varve - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- tiny
|| || || || || || ||
layers of lake sediment comprising alternating light and
|| || || || || || || ||
dark bands ||
- light bands, formed from coarse sediment, indicate high
|| || || || || || || || ||
energy, meltwater run-off in spring and summer
|| || || || || || ||
, - dark bands, made up of fine sediment, show
|| || || || || || || || ||
decomposition during winter || ||
tree rings - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- vary in width each
|| || || || || || || || ||
year depending on temp and moisture availability
|| || || || || ||
fossils - CORRECT ANSWER(S)✔✔- plants and animals
|| || || || || || ||
require specific environmental conditions to thrive e.g.
|| || || || || || ||
coral reef ||
- where they exist in fossil records, they can be used to
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
measure climate ||
- animals are more adaptable
|| || || ||
- however, some herbivorous dinosaur species only
|| || || || || || ||
survived in sub-tropical habitats || || ||
fluctuations in earth's climate in the past - CORRECT || || || || || || || || ||
ANSWER(S)✔✔- between greenhouse and icehouse || || || || ||
conditions
- during greenhouse conditions, atmospheric co2
|| || || || || ||
concentration, global temps and sea levels high || || || || || ||
- during icehouse, large parts of continental surface
|| || || || || || || ||
submerged by ice || ||
- glacial and interglacial periods occur in icehouse phases
|| || || || || || || || ||
but on a much smaller scale; most recent lasted about 1
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
million yrs ||
