AVTAA Veterinary Technician Specialty
Examination in Large Animal Internal
Medicine Practice Exam 100 Questions
And Correct Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
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1. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with
chronic diarrhea in adult cattle?
a) Hyperkalemia
b) Hyponatremia
c) Hypokalemia
d) Hypernatremia
Hypokalemia is commonly seen in adult cattle with chronic diarrhea
due to excessive loss of potassium in the feces.
,2. What is the primary site of absorption for glucose in ruminants?
a) Rumen
b) Reticulum
c) Small intestine
d) Colon
Although volatile fatty acids from the rumen provide most energy,
glucose absorption occurs primarily in the small intestine.
3. A 3-year-old horse presents with colic and mild fever. Which
diagnostic test is most useful to detect gastric ulcers?
a) Radiographs
b) Ultrasound
c) Gastroscopy
d) CBC
Gastroscopy allows direct visualization of the gastric mucosa and is
the gold standard for diagnosing ulcers.
4. Which condition in adult sheep is most commonly associated with
copper toxicity?
a) White muscle disease
b) Hepatic necrosis
c) Polioencephalomalacia
d) Hypocalcemia
Sheep are highly sensitive to copper, and accumulation can lead to
acute hepatic necrosis when overloaded.
,5. Which pathogen is a common cause of respiratory disease in young
calves?
a) Salmonella enterica
b) Pasteurella multocida
c) Clostridium perfringens
d) Eimeria bovis
Pasteurella multocida is a frequent bacterial agent in bovine
respiratory disease complex in young calves.
6. A cow presents with anorexia, weight loss, and rough hair coat.
Bloodwork reveals hypoalbuminemia. The most likely cause is:
a) Dehydration
b) Liver failure
c) Protein-losing enteropathy
d) Hyperthyroidism
Protein-losing enteropathy, often secondary to chronic intestinal
disease, causes hypoalbuminemia and associated clinical signs.
7. Which acid-base disturbance is most commonly seen in horses with
prolonged diarrhea?
a) Respiratory alkalosis
b) Metabolic alkalosis
c) Metabolic acidosis
d) Respiratory acidosis
Loss of bicarbonate-rich fluids in diarrhea leads to metabolic acidosis.
, 8. In cattle, which of the following is the most sensitive indicator of early
liver disease?
a) AST
b) GGT
c) CK
d) LDH
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) rises early in liver disease and
cholestasis in cattle.
9. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with “stiff lamb disease” in
young sheep?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E/Selenium
d) Vitamin K
Vitamin E and selenium deficiency causes white muscle disease,
leading to muscular stiffness in lambs.
10. What is the most common cause of neonatal diarrhea in foals
under 2 weeks of age?
a) Salmonella spp.
b) Clostridium difficile
c) Rotavirus
d) E. coli
Examination in Large Animal Internal
Medicine Practice Exam 100 Questions
And Correct Answers (Verified Answers)
Plus Rationales 2026 Q&A | Instant
Download Pdf
1. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with
chronic diarrhea in adult cattle?
a) Hyperkalemia
b) Hyponatremia
c) Hypokalemia
d) Hypernatremia
Hypokalemia is commonly seen in adult cattle with chronic diarrhea
due to excessive loss of potassium in the feces.
,2. What is the primary site of absorption for glucose in ruminants?
a) Rumen
b) Reticulum
c) Small intestine
d) Colon
Although volatile fatty acids from the rumen provide most energy,
glucose absorption occurs primarily in the small intestine.
3. A 3-year-old horse presents with colic and mild fever. Which
diagnostic test is most useful to detect gastric ulcers?
a) Radiographs
b) Ultrasound
c) Gastroscopy
d) CBC
Gastroscopy allows direct visualization of the gastric mucosa and is
the gold standard for diagnosing ulcers.
4. Which condition in adult sheep is most commonly associated with
copper toxicity?
a) White muscle disease
b) Hepatic necrosis
c) Polioencephalomalacia
d) Hypocalcemia
Sheep are highly sensitive to copper, and accumulation can lead to
acute hepatic necrosis when overloaded.
,5. Which pathogen is a common cause of respiratory disease in young
calves?
a) Salmonella enterica
b) Pasteurella multocida
c) Clostridium perfringens
d) Eimeria bovis
Pasteurella multocida is a frequent bacterial agent in bovine
respiratory disease complex in young calves.
6. A cow presents with anorexia, weight loss, and rough hair coat.
Bloodwork reveals hypoalbuminemia. The most likely cause is:
a) Dehydration
b) Liver failure
c) Protein-losing enteropathy
d) Hyperthyroidism
Protein-losing enteropathy, often secondary to chronic intestinal
disease, causes hypoalbuminemia and associated clinical signs.
7. Which acid-base disturbance is most commonly seen in horses with
prolonged diarrhea?
a) Respiratory alkalosis
b) Metabolic alkalosis
c) Metabolic acidosis
d) Respiratory acidosis
Loss of bicarbonate-rich fluids in diarrhea leads to metabolic acidosis.
, 8. In cattle, which of the following is the most sensitive indicator of early
liver disease?
a) AST
b) GGT
c) CK
d) LDH
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) rises early in liver disease and
cholestasis in cattle.
9. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with “stiff lamb disease” in
young sheep?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin D
c) Vitamin E/Selenium
d) Vitamin K
Vitamin E and selenium deficiency causes white muscle disease,
leading to muscular stiffness in lambs.
10. What is the most common cause of neonatal diarrhea in foals
under 2 weeks of age?
a) Salmonella spp.
b) Clostridium difficile
c) Rotavirus
d) E. coli
