1|Page
NUR2063: Essentials Of Pathophysiology Exam 2
(2026 Edition) Rasmussen Exam ||Verified Exam!!||
Most Recent Exam 2026/2027 Actual Complete Real
Exam Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Already Graded A+ || Newest Exam!!!
What are the manifestations of pseudomembranous
colitis? - Answer-foul smelling/bloody stool, abdominal
pain, fever, leukocytosis, sepsis, colonic perforation.
How do we treat pseudomembranous colitis? - Answer-
stop current antibiotics, treat ischemia and contributing
conditions, give oral antibiotics like metronidazole or
vancomycin, fecal transplant or colectomy if severe
How do we prevent the spread of pseudomembranous
colitis? - Answer-wearing appropriate PPE and washing
hands with soap and water only
What are the signs and symptoms of appendicitis? -
Answer-Periumbilical pain, RLQ pain, presence of a
positive McBurneys point with pain, nausea, vomiting,
fever, diarrhea, RLQ tenderness, systemic signs of
infection
,2|Page
How do we assess for appendicitis? - Answer-McBurney's
point technique when pressing on the belly button and
RLQ hip region and removing the pressure causes intense
pain, indicates positive appendicitis
What are the causes of bowel obstructions? - Answer-
previous surgery of the intestines with adhesions,
congenital abnormalities of the bowel, metastatic cancer of
the intestinal tract or female reproductive organs,
accumulation of fluid, gas, water and electrolytes in the
bowel.
What is a functional bowel obstruction? - Answer-a
problem with the act of the bowel actually moving, such as
things that inhibit movement from surgery, medications,
opioids, low fiber diets that can slow motility or shut off the
GI system from the SNS stimulation.
What is a mechanical bowel obstruction? - Answer-due to
adhesions, hernia, tumors, impacted feces, volvus or
twisting of the intestines, intussusception
,3|Page
What are the signs and symptoms of liver disease? -
Answer-hepatocellular failure (jaundice, decreased
clotting, hypoalbuminemia, decreased vitamin D and K)
and portal hypertension (GI congestion due to blockage of
blood, more esophageal or gastric varies, hemorrhoids,
enlarged spleen,)
What is gastritis? - Answer-Inflammation of the stomach
lining. The lining will be red and inflamed and irritated
What are the causes of gastritis? - Answer-Ingestion of
irritating substances such a alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDS,
viruses and bacteria
What is GERD? - Answer-the back flow of gastric contents
into the esophagus through the lower esophageal
sphincter. The inflammation occurs from the reflex of
highly acidic stomach acid that comes up.
What are the causes of GERD? - Answer-Any condition or
agent that alters closure of the lower esophageal sphincter
or increases in abdominal pressure, fatty food, caffeine,
large amounts of alcohol, smoking, pregnancy and
anatomical features like hiatal hernia
, 4|Page
What are complications of GERD? - Answer-Barrett's
esophagus where columnar tissue replaces normal
squamous tissue in the distal esophagus that carries a
high risk for cancer. Progression can lead to ulcers and
scarring. Esophageal strictures, pulmonary symptoms
such as cough, asthma and laryngitis from reflux in
breathing passages.
What are the signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer disease?
- Answer-epigastric burning pain that is usually relieved by
food or antacids (gastric ulcers present on empty stomach
but can be after food, duodenal ulcers present 2-3 hours
after food and is relieved by food). Can also be life
threatening as GI bleeding can occur without warning and
cause a drop in H/H and dark tarry stools and
hematemesis.
What is the role of H.pylori in peptic ulcer disease? -
Answer-promotes both gastric and duodenal ulcer
formation and thrives in acidic areas. It slows down ulcer
healing and can reoccur frequently, and taking it away can
help ulcers heal.
NUR2063: Essentials Of Pathophysiology Exam 2
(2026 Edition) Rasmussen Exam ||Verified Exam!!||
Most Recent Exam 2026/2027 Actual Complete Real
Exam Questions And Correct Answers (Verified
Answers) Already Graded A+ || Newest Exam!!!
What are the manifestations of pseudomembranous
colitis? - Answer-foul smelling/bloody stool, abdominal
pain, fever, leukocytosis, sepsis, colonic perforation.
How do we treat pseudomembranous colitis? - Answer-
stop current antibiotics, treat ischemia and contributing
conditions, give oral antibiotics like metronidazole or
vancomycin, fecal transplant or colectomy if severe
How do we prevent the spread of pseudomembranous
colitis? - Answer-wearing appropriate PPE and washing
hands with soap and water only
What are the signs and symptoms of appendicitis? -
Answer-Periumbilical pain, RLQ pain, presence of a
positive McBurneys point with pain, nausea, vomiting,
fever, diarrhea, RLQ tenderness, systemic signs of
infection
,2|Page
How do we assess for appendicitis? - Answer-McBurney's
point technique when pressing on the belly button and
RLQ hip region and removing the pressure causes intense
pain, indicates positive appendicitis
What are the causes of bowel obstructions? - Answer-
previous surgery of the intestines with adhesions,
congenital abnormalities of the bowel, metastatic cancer of
the intestinal tract or female reproductive organs,
accumulation of fluid, gas, water and electrolytes in the
bowel.
What is a functional bowel obstruction? - Answer-a
problem with the act of the bowel actually moving, such as
things that inhibit movement from surgery, medications,
opioids, low fiber diets that can slow motility or shut off the
GI system from the SNS stimulation.
What is a mechanical bowel obstruction? - Answer-due to
adhesions, hernia, tumors, impacted feces, volvus or
twisting of the intestines, intussusception
,3|Page
What are the signs and symptoms of liver disease? -
Answer-hepatocellular failure (jaundice, decreased
clotting, hypoalbuminemia, decreased vitamin D and K)
and portal hypertension (GI congestion due to blockage of
blood, more esophageal or gastric varies, hemorrhoids,
enlarged spleen,)
What is gastritis? - Answer-Inflammation of the stomach
lining. The lining will be red and inflamed and irritated
What are the causes of gastritis? - Answer-Ingestion of
irritating substances such a alcohol, aspirin, NSAIDS,
viruses and bacteria
What is GERD? - Answer-the back flow of gastric contents
into the esophagus through the lower esophageal
sphincter. The inflammation occurs from the reflex of
highly acidic stomach acid that comes up.
What are the causes of GERD? - Answer-Any condition or
agent that alters closure of the lower esophageal sphincter
or increases in abdominal pressure, fatty food, caffeine,
large amounts of alcohol, smoking, pregnancy and
anatomical features like hiatal hernia
, 4|Page
What are complications of GERD? - Answer-Barrett's
esophagus where columnar tissue replaces normal
squamous tissue in the distal esophagus that carries a
high risk for cancer. Progression can lead to ulcers and
scarring. Esophageal strictures, pulmonary symptoms
such as cough, asthma and laryngitis from reflux in
breathing passages.
What are the signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer disease?
- Answer-epigastric burning pain that is usually relieved by
food or antacids (gastric ulcers present on empty stomach
but can be after food, duodenal ulcers present 2-3 hours
after food and is relieved by food). Can also be life
threatening as GI bleeding can occur without warning and
cause a drop in H/H and dark tarry stools and
hematemesis.
What is the role of H.pylori in peptic ulcer disease? -
Answer-promotes both gastric and duodenal ulcer
formation and thrives in acidic areas. It slows down ulcer
healing and can reoccur frequently, and taking it away can
help ulcers heal.
