NUR 111 Theory Exam 1 Communication Part A questions with multiple choices questions and answers 2026-12

Therapeutic as opposed to is social communication is essential for the establishment of a healthy nurse - client relationship. This process depends on nurse establishing trusting relationships with the client and the caregiver Two goal: 1. helps clients manage problems in living more effectively and develops new and unused opportunities fully 2. help patients become better at helping themselves in their everyday life Key: Development of trust, acceptance between nurse and client, Underlying belief that the nurse cares about the client and wants to help the client Influences of personl/ professional care - age, appearance, medical diagnosis, Sex, education/ values, personalities, expectations, everything we've been talking about - correct answers Identify the nurse-client relationship as a basis for communication. - two goals -Key Active Listener, assist patient to identify feelings, follow through w/ promises and don't make unrealistic promises, be truthful, focus on patients well-being. Developed by Hildegard Peplau - correct answers Identify communication skills needed in developing therapeutic relationships. Pre-interaction Introductory Working Termination Phases - correct answers Define the four phases of a nurse-client relationship. Similar to planning stage before an interview. preparing before an interview; look up client information, getting ready for meeting This phrase process may cause feelings of anxiety within the nurse; these can be reduced by identifying specific topics to discuss before meeting the client. - correct answers Pre-interaction Phase "orientation" or " pretheraputic" phase Client may display resistant behaviors - fear of exposing feelings, discomfort in change, fear of anxiety; anxiety about discomfort involved in change; fear of anxiety in response to nurses approach Can overcome resistant by caring; show interest and confidence By end of phase - develops trust of a nurse; view as honest; believe that you respect them and honor confidentiality - correct answers Introductory Phase Has two major stages 1. Exploring and understanding thoughts and feelings 2. facilitate taking action or come up with a plan to meet those goals The purpose of the working phase is to help client meet identified goals. During this phase, the client may express or demonstrate feelings such as anger, shame, or self- consciousness. Nurses help clients work through these feelings by helping the client make decisions; providing support and offering options and information. - correct answers Working Phase Sometimes hard for the client because you've been taking such good care of them; feels a sense of loss If you've established all the other steps then it should be a positive Give them a sense of accomplishment Summarize and review with client; encourage and emphasize on positive Start in advance so the client has time to adjust Don't turn your back to the client when leaving the room; one last look of the room before you leave - correct answers Termination Phase Nurses must possess the following skills -Empathetic listening and responding -Respect -Genuineness -Concreteness -Reflecting, paraphrasing, clarifying, and confronting. - correct answers Define the communication skills a nurse needs during the working phase of the nurse-client relationship self talk; individuals thoughts, a form of communication that occurs constantly - correct answers Intrapersonal level :Your own language level and the clients language level. May have to deal with clients that speak a different language or dialect - correct answers two types pf language levels you deal with as a nurse Sender (Source Encoder) Message Channel Receiver (Decoder) Response (Feedback) TEACHBACK - correct answers List the SIX basic elements of the communication process. Person or group wishing to send message to convey information or feelings. Also selects how to encode the message - correct answers Sender (Source Encoder) selection of specific signs or symbols to transmit messages which include language and words to use the arrangement of words; mediums to use; tone of voice; gestures if communication is oral - correct answers coding What is actually said or written, includes tone, gestures and other non-verbals - correct answers Message The medium used to convey the message use appropriate channel, most effective communication uses more than one of the receivers sensory channel. - correct answers Channel Interprets the message. Uses all senses to receive the message. They must decode the message, accurate decoding depends on similar knowledge, experience, sociocultural background. - correct answers Receiver (Decoder) verbal or non verbal message that receiver returns to sender; lets sender validate that intended message was received and understood - correct answers Response (Feedback) Asking the client to explain in their own words what they need to do or learn, in a caring way. It is way to check for understanding, healthcare providers can make sure they explained information correctly. - correct answers Teach back Verbal (spoken or written) and nonverbal; electronic communication has slowly evolved as well; type of verbal communication - correct answers Two types of communication Transmitting information through the spoken written word 1) Pace and intonation - pace or rhythm will affect the feeling and impact of the message; 2) Simplicity - remember that you are talking to a patient and not another nurse 3) Clarity and brevity 4) Timing and relevance - know who you are talking to, message needs to relate to sender; ex. If a patient is worried about getting cancer they are not going to listen to you discuss their upcoming gallbladder surgery. Address concerns first then continue 5) Adaptability - to adjust spoken message in response to the receivers behavior cues 6) Credibility - truthful, trustworthy, and reliable 7) Humor - correct answers Verbal Communication Non verbal communication and behavior are consistent with the verbal message; nonverbal and spoken words match up - correct answers congruent communication o Often called Body language o Observing and interpreting a clients nonverbal behavior is an essential skill for nurses 1) Gestures - May emphasize and clarify verbal communication and may occur without words to give a feeling; Vital communication for patients with hearing impairments; Some hand gestures may have universal meaning while others are culture specific, be aware that you might not getting the intended message across 2) posture and gait - movement; Stand up straight with head up; Fake it until you make it; Indicates self concept - erect posture indicates positive self being; slouching could indicate depression; Use of touch 3) Facial expressions - Express or hide genuine emotions; Patients see facial expression then eye contact first; Maintain eye contact and be aware of your own facial expression 4) Physical appearance; Social & Financial status; Culture; Religion; Group association; Self concept -Pa - correct answers Nonverbal Communication contact/reinforcing physical cues environment expression of others in that environment cultural background - correct answers No single expression can be interpreted accurately without considering .... 1) Form of verbal communication 2) Effective - logical and organized; appropriate language; correct grammar and punctuation; citation resources 3) Limitations - can not express your non verbal cues 4) Electronic communication - correct answers Written Advantages - Direct communication with client; fast and efficient; Social networks - distribute less critical healthcare information; connects with colleagues worldwide for continuous learning. Text messaging - fast and convenient ii. Disadvantages - socioeconomic status might not have a computer; client confidentiality HIPA; may not receive e mail if it gets encrypted and moved to junk box; text message could be checked at inappropriate times, interfering with client care - correct answers Electronic communication Advantages and disadvantages -Development -Gender -Sociocultural characteristics -Education -Economic Level -Value and Perception -Personal Space -Environment -Roles and Relationships -Incivility. - correct answers 10 factors, which influence the communication process (i.e. psychophysiological, relational, situational, environmental, and cultural context) As individuals grow they develop language and communication skills through various stages of their lifespan - correct answers Development (as a factor that influences communication process) Boys are more independent & negotiate status. Girls will seek conformity and intimacy Males - make demands; more direct; Females - make request; more active listeners; use communication to receive conformation Transgender - have a preferred name and pronoun that they prefer to be addressed by - correct answers Gender (as a factor that influences communication process) Culture - could speak a whole different language Education - could be illiterate Economic level - correct answers Sociocultural characteristics Values - standards that influence behavior Perceptions - personal views of an event To avoid creating barriers in a patient client relationship; prove to them through effective communication that you're there to help them - correct answers Value and Perception (as factors that influences communication process) distance people prefer to keep between self and others - correct answers Personal Space (as a factor that influences communication process) touching to 1 1/2 ft - correct answers Distance for intimate touching 1 1/2 - 4ft - correct answers Distance for personal space 4-12 ft - correct answers Distance for social space 12-15 - correct answers Distance for public space People are able to communicate more effectively in a comfortable environment Congruent communication and incongruent communication - correct answers Environment (as a factor that influences communication