MMSC 428 FINAL EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Staphylococcus aureus - - Correct answer-:gram positive cocci in clusters
-facultative aerobe (prefers O2)
-halotonic
-ferment mannitol (yellow on MSA plate)
-catalase +
-*coagulase +*
-clumping factor +
-medium sized b-hemolytic white colonies
-serological tests for TSST-1 and DNA probes are the best diagnosis methods
-most clinically significant staphylococcus
-important cause of nosocomial infection
mobiluncus - - Correct answer-:gram positive bacilli
-nonspore former
-obligate anaerobe
,-normal biota of genital tract
-associated with bacterial vaginosis
bacterioides characteristics - - Correct answer-:gram negative coccobacilli
-obligate anaerobe
-chocolate and SBA +
-catalase +
-superoxide dimutase +
-capsule is important to damage animal tissues and prevent phagocytosis
-very clinically significant
-normal biota of GI
-polymicrobial abdominal abscesses
-severe septicemia
fusobacterium characteristics - - Correct answer-:fusiform slender gram negative
bacteria
-obligate anaerobe
-tooth or bread crumb appearance colonies
-normal biota of mouth
-vincement's infection (trench mouth): soldiers in WWI with poor dental hygiene
formed polymicrobial abscesses in the mouth
gram positive anaerobic cocci - - Correct answer-:streptococcus
-staphylococcus
-*finegoldia magna* (most common)
,veillonella characteristics - - Correct answer-:gram negative anaerobic cocci
-obligate anaerobe
-red fluorescence in UV light
-MIDI and MALDI-TOF are best identifiers
-oral abscesses
anaerobic culture - - Correct answer-:obtain sample from a site that is normally
sterile and does not contain anaerobes as part of normal biota (CSF, blood,
wounds, abscesses)
-nonselective media: CDC anaerobic media, laked sheep blood, thioglycollate
broth, chopped meat broth
-selective: kanamycin vancomysin (KV), paromycin vancomycin, phenylethyl
alcohol (PEA), egg yolk agar
CMI - - Correct answer-:immune system response that is important for fighting off
intracellular parasites (OIP and FIP)
-antibodies are not helpful
mycobacterium characteristics - - Correct answer-:contain a lot of hydrophobic
myconic fatty acids in their cell wall, so they do not gram stain well
-gram positive-like cell wall
-acid fast + (hot or cold carbol fuschin stain)
-beading (irregular staining) and cording (cells clumping and sticking together)
seen in carbol fuschin
-*obligate aerobes*
, -*slow growers* (4-6 weeks)
-dry, flat colonies with irregular filamentous edge, yellow or orange carotenoid
pigment
-catalase + (semiquantitative measurements)
-innately drug resistant due to hydrophobic cell wall
-very few genes are active due to slow growth, not many mechanisms for
antibiotics to attack
-can be classified according to runyon scheme (not really used due to high
number of exceptions)
-MALDI-TOF, HPLC MIDI and NAAT are best way to identify species
-antibodies can be detected with PPD skin test
-active infections can be detected with chest X ray (granulomas)
mycobacterium culture - - Correct answer-:nonselective: middlebrook 7H10 &
7H11, LJ agar
-selective: middlebrooks with added antibiotics, LJ gruft
-hemin: chocolate agar, middlebrook agars with hemin disks
-broth: bactect, MGIT with PANTA, specti-chek
mycobacterium tuberculosis - - Correct answer-:FIP infects monocytes and
macrophages as a latent infection
-most common mycobacterial infection
-most important member of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC)
-gram positive-like cell wall, does not stain well due to fatty acids in cell wall
-nonpigmented buff colored colonies in heaping piles
-NO3 (nitrate)+
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Staphylococcus aureus - - Correct answer-:gram positive cocci in clusters
-facultative aerobe (prefers O2)
-halotonic
-ferment mannitol (yellow on MSA plate)
-catalase +
-*coagulase +*
-clumping factor +
-medium sized b-hemolytic white colonies
-serological tests for TSST-1 and DNA probes are the best diagnosis methods
-most clinically significant staphylococcus
-important cause of nosocomial infection
mobiluncus - - Correct answer-:gram positive bacilli
-nonspore former
-obligate anaerobe
,-normal biota of genital tract
-associated with bacterial vaginosis
bacterioides characteristics - - Correct answer-:gram negative coccobacilli
-obligate anaerobe
-chocolate and SBA +
-catalase +
-superoxide dimutase +
-capsule is important to damage animal tissues and prevent phagocytosis
-very clinically significant
-normal biota of GI
-polymicrobial abdominal abscesses
-severe septicemia
fusobacterium characteristics - - Correct answer-:fusiform slender gram negative
bacteria
-obligate anaerobe
-tooth or bread crumb appearance colonies
-normal biota of mouth
-vincement's infection (trench mouth): soldiers in WWI with poor dental hygiene
formed polymicrobial abscesses in the mouth
gram positive anaerobic cocci - - Correct answer-:streptococcus
-staphylococcus
-*finegoldia magna* (most common)
,veillonella characteristics - - Correct answer-:gram negative anaerobic cocci
-obligate anaerobe
-red fluorescence in UV light
-MIDI and MALDI-TOF are best identifiers
-oral abscesses
anaerobic culture - - Correct answer-:obtain sample from a site that is normally
sterile and does not contain anaerobes as part of normal biota (CSF, blood,
wounds, abscesses)
-nonselective media: CDC anaerobic media, laked sheep blood, thioglycollate
broth, chopped meat broth
-selective: kanamycin vancomysin (KV), paromycin vancomycin, phenylethyl
alcohol (PEA), egg yolk agar
CMI - - Correct answer-:immune system response that is important for fighting off
intracellular parasites (OIP and FIP)
-antibodies are not helpful
mycobacterium characteristics - - Correct answer-:contain a lot of hydrophobic
myconic fatty acids in their cell wall, so they do not gram stain well
-gram positive-like cell wall
-acid fast + (hot or cold carbol fuschin stain)
-beading (irregular staining) and cording (cells clumping and sticking together)
seen in carbol fuschin
-*obligate aerobes*
, -*slow growers* (4-6 weeks)
-dry, flat colonies with irregular filamentous edge, yellow or orange carotenoid
pigment
-catalase + (semiquantitative measurements)
-innately drug resistant due to hydrophobic cell wall
-very few genes are active due to slow growth, not many mechanisms for
antibiotics to attack
-can be classified according to runyon scheme (not really used due to high
number of exceptions)
-MALDI-TOF, HPLC MIDI and NAAT are best way to identify species
-antibodies can be detected with PPD skin test
-active infections can be detected with chest X ray (granulomas)
mycobacterium culture - - Correct answer-:nonselective: middlebrook 7H10 &
7H11, LJ agar
-selective: middlebrooks with added antibiotics, LJ gruft
-hemin: chocolate agar, middlebrook agars with hemin disks
-broth: bactect, MGIT with PANTA, specti-chek
mycobacterium tuberculosis - - Correct answer-:FIP infects monocytes and
macrophages as a latent infection
-most common mycobacterial infection
-most important member of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC)
-gram positive-like cell wall, does not stain well due to fatty acids in cell wall
-nonpigmented buff colored colonies in heaping piles
-NO3 (nitrate)+
