PRIMARY prevention - ANSWER Goal:preventing the health problem, the most
cost-effective form of healthcare
Example: immunizations, counseling about safety, injury disease prevention
SECONDARY prevention - ANSWER Goal: detecting disease in early,
asymptomatic, or preclinical state to minimize its impact
Example: screening tests, such as BP check mammography, colonoscopy, ASA in
hx MI
TERTIARY prevention - ANSWER Goal: minimizing negative disease induced
outcomes
Example: in established disease, adjusting therapy to avoid further target organ
damage. Potentially viewed as a failure of primary prevention, support groups
Community (herd immunity) - ANSWER Immunize those who can be to protect
those who cannot be immunized
Active immunity - ANSWER Resistance developed in response to an antigen (either
infection or vaccine)
Passive immunity - ANSWER Immunity conferred by an antibody produced in
another host (infant of mother or immune globulin)
Anaphylactic reaction to Neomycin- avoid immunizations: - ANSWER Immunization
to avoid IPV, MMR, varicella
Anaphylactic reaction to Streptomycin, polymyxin B, neomycin- avoid immunization:
- ANSWER Immunization to avoid IPV, smallpox
Anaphylactic reaction to Baker's yeast- immunization to avoid - ANSWER
Immunization to avoid Hepatitis B
Anaphylactic reaction to Gelatin, neomycin- immunization to avoid - ANSWER
Immunization to avoid Varicella zoster
Anaphylactic reaction to Gelatin- immunization to avoid - ANSWER Immunization to
avoid MMR
, STAGES of change: PRECONTEMPLATION - ANSWER Not interested or
minimalizes
Stages of Change: Contemplation - ANSWER Considering change, looks at
positive and negative, feels "stuck"
Stages of Change: Preparation - ANSWER Exhibits some change behaviors, but
does not have tools to proceed
Stages of Change: Action - ANSWER Ready to go forward, takes concrete steps,
but no consistency
STAGES of change: MAINTENANCE/RELAPSE - ANSWER Learns to continue the
change and embraced the healthy habit
SMOKING-PACK YEAR HX - ANSWER Number of packs-per-day (PPD) Multiplied
by # of smoked years
What vaccines are live? - ANSWER MMR, varicella, zostavax, intranasal flu mist
Who should not receive live vaccines? - ANSWER HIV/AIDS (CD4<200),
immunosuppressed, pregnant
Smallpox rash - ANSWER Starts on face, spreads to arms/legs then hands/feet; all
lesions at same phase- spread in 24 hours
5 A's of smoking cessation - ANSWER Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Who gets PNA vaccine, how to get? Special exceptions. - ANSWER >65 y.o.
PCV13 (Prevnar) followed by PPSV23 (Pneumovax) a year later
PPSV23 for 19-64 with: chronic lung disease, cv disease, DM, liver disease, ETOH
abuse, smokers, malignancy, CKD, asplenia, sickle cell, immunocompromised, HIV
How is smallpox transmitted? - ANSWER Infective droplets
How is poliovirus transmitted? - ANSWER Fecal-oral
Define sensitivity - ANSWER Ability of a test to determine who HAS disease (T for
true)
cost-effective form of healthcare
Example: immunizations, counseling about safety, injury disease prevention
SECONDARY prevention - ANSWER Goal: detecting disease in early,
asymptomatic, or preclinical state to minimize its impact
Example: screening tests, such as BP check mammography, colonoscopy, ASA in
hx MI
TERTIARY prevention - ANSWER Goal: minimizing negative disease induced
outcomes
Example: in established disease, adjusting therapy to avoid further target organ
damage. Potentially viewed as a failure of primary prevention, support groups
Community (herd immunity) - ANSWER Immunize those who can be to protect
those who cannot be immunized
Active immunity - ANSWER Resistance developed in response to an antigen (either
infection or vaccine)
Passive immunity - ANSWER Immunity conferred by an antibody produced in
another host (infant of mother or immune globulin)
Anaphylactic reaction to Neomycin- avoid immunizations: - ANSWER Immunization
to avoid IPV, MMR, varicella
Anaphylactic reaction to Streptomycin, polymyxin B, neomycin- avoid immunization:
- ANSWER Immunization to avoid IPV, smallpox
Anaphylactic reaction to Baker's yeast- immunization to avoid - ANSWER
Immunization to avoid Hepatitis B
Anaphylactic reaction to Gelatin, neomycin- immunization to avoid - ANSWER
Immunization to avoid Varicella zoster
Anaphylactic reaction to Gelatin- immunization to avoid - ANSWER Immunization to
avoid MMR
, STAGES of change: PRECONTEMPLATION - ANSWER Not interested or
minimalizes
Stages of Change: Contemplation - ANSWER Considering change, looks at
positive and negative, feels "stuck"
Stages of Change: Preparation - ANSWER Exhibits some change behaviors, but
does not have tools to proceed
Stages of Change: Action - ANSWER Ready to go forward, takes concrete steps,
but no consistency
STAGES of change: MAINTENANCE/RELAPSE - ANSWER Learns to continue the
change and embraced the healthy habit
SMOKING-PACK YEAR HX - ANSWER Number of packs-per-day (PPD) Multiplied
by # of smoked years
What vaccines are live? - ANSWER MMR, varicella, zostavax, intranasal flu mist
Who should not receive live vaccines? - ANSWER HIV/AIDS (CD4<200),
immunosuppressed, pregnant
Smallpox rash - ANSWER Starts on face, spreads to arms/legs then hands/feet; all
lesions at same phase- spread in 24 hours
5 A's of smoking cessation - ANSWER Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Who gets PNA vaccine, how to get? Special exceptions. - ANSWER >65 y.o.
PCV13 (Prevnar) followed by PPSV23 (Pneumovax) a year later
PPSV23 for 19-64 with: chronic lung disease, cv disease, DM, liver disease, ETOH
abuse, smokers, malignancy, CKD, asplenia, sickle cell, immunocompromised, HIV
How is smallpox transmitted? - ANSWER Infective droplets
How is poliovirus transmitted? - ANSWER Fecal-oral
Define sensitivity - ANSWER Ability of a test to determine who HAS disease (T for
true)
